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1.
BMC Geriatr ; 21(1): 237, 2021 04 09.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33836669

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Green care farms, which offer care for people with dementia in a farm setting, have been emerging in the Netherlands. The aim of this study was to 1) implement green care farms which use rice farming in Japan, 2) explore the positive experiences of rice farming care, and 3) compare the effect of rice farming care to that of usual care on well-being and cognitive ability. METHODS: We developed a new method of green care farm in Japan which uses rice farming, a farming that is practiced all over East Asia. The participants were 15 people with dementia (mean age = 75.6 ± 9.8 years) who participated in a one-hour rice farming care program once a week for 25 weeks. We also collected qualitative data on the positive experiences of study participants after the program. As a reference data, we also collected the corresponding data of the usual care group which included 14 people with dementia (mean age = 79.9 ± 5.8 years) who were attending the near-by day-care. RESULTS: The mean participation rate on the rice farming care group was 72.1%. After the intervention, participants reported experiencing enjoyment and connection during the program. It also changed the staff's view on dementia. The green care farm group showed a significant improvement in well-being but no significant difference in cognitive function compared to the usual care group. CONCLUSIONS: Green care farms by using rice farming is promising care method which is evidence-based, empowerment-oriented, strengths-based, community-based dementia service, which also delivers meaningful experience for the people with dementia in East Asia. TRIAL REGISTRATION: UMIN, UMIN000025020 , Registered 1 April 2017.


Asunto(s)
Demencia , Oryza , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Agricultura , Demencia/terapia , Granjas , Humanos , Japón , Países Bajos/epidemiología
2.
Int Arch Occup Environ Health ; 88(4): 419-30, 2015 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25091711

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: In 1968, rice oil contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls and polychlorinated dibenzofurans caused a severe outbreak of food poisoning in Japan and was termed locally as "Yusho" (oil disease). In our previous study, we found that area-based standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) of some diseases were elevated shortly after the incident. This previous study, however, was unable to determine whether these elevated SMRs were a result of other area-specific factors. To overcome this limitation, we obtained mortality data from the 5 years before the incident and conducted an area-based study using vital statistics records dating from 1963 to 2002. METHODS: The population of Nagasaki Prefecture was set as the reference population for calculating SMRs. We also included data on cause-specific mortality attributable to cancer and expanded the population to encompass two severely exposed areas where contaminated rice oil was distributed (namely Tamanoura and Naru). We also calculated SMRs in the remainder of the Shimo-Goto region, excluding the exposed area, which was used as a comparison area. RESULTS: Even after considering the time trends in mortality before the incident, mortality due to diabetes mellitus and heart disease, as well as all-cause mortality, was found to be elevated shortly afterward. Additionally, mortalities due to uterine cancer in Tamanoura and leukemia were also elevated at 30-34 and 10-59 years after the event in both exposed areas, respectively. SMRs for leukemia in Tamanoura were as high as 3.0 (95% confidence interval 1.4-6.2) and 2.4 (1.2-4.8) 10-19 years later. In this period, SMRs for leukemia in the comparison area were not elevated. CONCLUSIONS: Further epidemiological studies are needed regarding this rice-oil, "Yusho" outbreak, especially with regard to cancer and non-cancer mortality.


Asunto(s)
Benzofuranos/envenenamiento , Contaminantes Ambientales/envenenamiento , Neoplasias/mortalidad , Oryza/envenenamiento , Aceites de Plantas/envenenamiento , Bifenilos Policlorados/envenenamiento , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Causas de Muerte , Niño , Preescolar , Dibenzofuranos Policlorados , Exposición a Riesgos Ambientales/efectos adversos , Humanos , Lactante , Japón/epidemiología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neoplasias/inducido químicamente , Estadísticas Vitales
3.
Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord ; 36(1-2): 111-8, 2013.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23860389

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The actual prevalence of dementia in Japan as well as the changes in the prevalence are not well known. Therefore, we undertook a systematic review to collect evidence regarding the prevalence of dementia in Japan. METHODS: For this systematic review, we searched 2 electronic databases to identify cross-sectional or repeated cross-sectional studies with data regarding the study population, study location, diagnostic criteria, and prevalence of dementia. RESULTS: Twenty-one studies were selected from 782 references. Sixteen studies surveyed individuals living at home; of these, 5 studies also included hospitalized or institutionalized patients. Most of the studies were conducted using a two-phase survey (phase I: screening, phase II: diagnosis of dementia). The clinical diagnosis of dementia was made based on the guidelines of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) in a majority of the studies. The prevalence of all types of dementia ranged from 2.9 to 12.5% and has been gradually increasing over the past few years. CONCLUSION: The results of this systematic review suggest that the prevalence of dementia has recently increased. However, further well-designed studies taking into account factors that affect the prevalence of dementia are needed to clarify the actual prevalence.


Asunto(s)
Demencia/epidemiología , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Femenino , Geografía , Humanos , Japón/epidemiología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Pruebas Neuropsicológicas , Prevalencia , Población Rural , Población Urbana
4.
Occup Environ Med ; 69(12): 908-15, 2012 Dec.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23085558

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: Desert dust, which is included in course particles, is considered to have potential toxicity. The effect modification of desert dust on associations between anthropogenic air pollution and mortality has been evaluated. However, the independent effects of Asian dust are less clear. Thus, we evaluated the effects of Asian dust on mortality independent of particulate matter (PM) in western Japan. METHODS: We obtained daily mean concentrations of Asian dust using Light Detection and Ranging measurements and suspended particulate matter (SPM) concentrations (approximately PM(8)) during March 2005 to December 2010. We then evaluated city-specific associations of Asian dust and SPM with daily mortality using a time-series analysis targeting 1 379 052 people aged 65 or above living in 47 cities. The city-specific results were then combined with a Bayesian-hierarchical model. RESULTS: Asian dust did not modify the effects of SPM on mortality. Meanwhile, Asian dust was adversely associated with mortality independent of SPM. The excess risk following a 10 µ/m(3) increase in mean of the current to the previous 2 days Asian dust concentration was 0.6% (95% CI 0.1 to 1.1) for heart disease, 0.8% (95% CI 0.1 to 1.6) for ischaemic heart disease, 2.1% (95% CI 0.3 to 3.9) for arrhythmia and 0.5% (95% CI 0.2 to 0.8) for pneumonia mortality. Furthermore, the effects of Asian dust were stronger in northern areas close to the Eurasian continent (source of Asian dust). CONCLUSIONS: Asian dust had adverse effects on circulatory and respiratory mortality independent of PM.


Asunto(s)
Contaminación del Aire/efectos adversos , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/mortalidad , Polvo , Exposición a Riesgos Ambientales/efectos adversos , Material Particulado/efectos adversos , Neumonía/mortalidad , Suelo , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Arritmias Cardíacas/mortalidad , Teorema de Bayes , Causas de Muerte , Ciudades , Cardiopatías/mortalidad , Humanos , Japón/epidemiología
5.
Allergol Int ; 61(1): 57-63, 2012 Mar.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21918367

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Atopic dermatitis (AD) and Japanese cedar pollinosis (JCP) are common chronically allergic diseases associated with the activation of T-helper 2 cells. Recent studies have shown that polymorphisms in the genes for IL-4 receptor α chain (IL4RA) may contribute to susceptibility of AD and JCP, although the differences in the involvements of loci of IL4RA gene between AD and JCP are unclear. In this study, we investigated the role of polymorphisms in IL-4RA gene in conferring susceptibility to the development of AD and/or JCP using a family analysis and an association analysis in a Japanese population. METHODS: Five polymorphisms in the IL-4RA gene, C-3223T, T-1914C, T-890C, Ile50Val and Glu375Ala, have been genotyped using PCR-based methods in 75 trios families, including 15 AD families, 30 JCP families, and 30 families with combination of AD and JCP in the family analysis. Forty-five AD, 60 JCP and 125 control children constituted the association study. RESULTS: The transmission disequilibrium test showed that the allele of Ile50 was significantly transmitted to children with JCP alone (p < 0.05). Haplotype analysis showed that the -3223T/Ile50 haplotype was preferentially transmitted to both AD (p < 0.01) and JCP children (p < 0.01), while that the C-3223/Ile50 haplotype was preferentially transmitted to only JCP children (p < 0.01). The association study showed that -3223T and haplotype of -3223T/Ile50 were associated with AD children, but not with JCP. Ile50 was associated with both AD and JCP. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that -3223T and the -3223T/Ile50 haplotype were risk factors for AD. Ile50 allele seems to be involved in both JCP and AD. Interactions of the IL-4RA loci may play a role both conferring susceptibility and modulating severity of AD.


Asunto(s)
Dermatitis Atópica/genética , Subunidad alfa del Receptor de Interleucina-4/genética , Mutación Missense , Polimorfismo Genético , Regiones Promotoras Genéticas , Rinitis Alérgica Estacional/genética , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Alelos , Niño , Cryptomeria/inmunología , Dermatitis Atópica/inmunología , Estudios de Asociación Genética , Sitios Genéticos , Haplotipos , Humanos , Inmunoglobulina E/inmunología , Desequilibrio de Ligamiento , Persona de Mediana Edad , Rinitis Alérgica Estacional/inmunología , Adulto Joven
6.
Int Arch Allergy Immunol ; 153(3): 280-7, 2010.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20484927

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Asthma is a common respiratory disease worldwide. However, few reports are available on the prevalences of asthma and asthma symptoms among Asian subjects. METHODS: To determine the prevalences of asthma and asthma symptoms among Japanese subjects, we performed a nationwide cross-sectional, population-based study on Japanese adults aged 20-79 years. Ten areas spread throughout the country were randomly selected. Door-to-door or postal surveys were performed using a translated version of the European Community Respiratory Health Survey questionnaire. RESULTS: The survey was completed by 23,483 participants. The overall response rate was 70.6%. The prevalences of wheeze and current asthma among all participants aged 20-79 years were 10.1% (95% CI: 9.7-10.5%) and 4.2% (95% CI: 4.0-4.5%), respectively. The prevalences among young adults aged 20-44 years were 9.3% (95% CI: 8.7-9.9%) and 5.3% (95% CI: 4.8-5.8%), respectively. The prevalence of current asthma was highest in females aged 30-39 years in comparison with the other gender and age groups. CONCLUSIONS: This nationwide study determined the prevalences of asthma and asthma symptoms among Japanese adults. The results provide fundamental information on the respiratory health of Japanese adults.


Asunto(s)
Asma/epidemiología , Adulto , Anciano , Asma/fisiopatología , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Japón/epidemiología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Prevalencia , Ruidos Respiratorios/fisiopatología , Encuestas y Cuestionarios
7.
J Epidemiol ; 20(1): 54-61, 2010.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19915304

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The strength of the association between brain tumors in children and residential power-frequency magnetic fields (MF) has varied in previous studies, which may be due in part to possible misclassification of MF exposure. This study aimed to examine this association in Japan by improving measurement techniques, and by extending measurement to a whole week. METHODS: This population-based case-control study encompassed 54% of Japanese children under 15 years of age. After excluding ineligible targeted children, 55 newly diagnosed brain tumor cases and 99 sex-, age-, and residential area-matched controls were included in the analyses. The MF exposures of each set of matching cases and controls were measured in close temporal proximity to control for seasonal variation; the average difference was 12.4 days. The mean interval between diagnosis and MF measurements was 1.1 years. The weekly mean MF level was defined as the exposure. The association was evaluated using conditional logistic regression analysis that controlled for possible confounding factors. RESULTS: The odds ratios (95% CI) for exposure categories of 0.1 to 0.2, 0.2 to 0.4, and above 0.4 microT, against a reference category of <0.1 microT, were 0.74 (0.17-3.18), 1.58 (0.25-9.83), and 10.9 (1.05-113), respectively, after adjusting for maternal education. This dose-response pattern was stable when other variables were included in the model as possible confounding factors. CONCLUSIONS: A positive association was found between high-level exposure-above 0.4 microT-and the risk of brain tumors. This association could not be explained solely by confounding factors or selection bias.


Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Encefálicas/etiología , Suministros de Energía Eléctrica/efectos adversos , Campos Electromagnéticos/efectos adversos , Exposición a Riesgos Ambientales/efectos adversos , Adolescente , Neoplasias Encefálicas/epidemiología , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Humanos , Lactante , Japón/epidemiología , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Oportunidad Relativa , Valores de Referencia , Factores de Riesgo
8.
Hiroshima J Med Sci ; 57(3-4): 85-92, 2008 Dec.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19260560

RESUMEN

The population of Japan is aging rapidly, and maintaining the quality of life of elderly people has become an important issue in contemporary Japan. This study was conducted to verify the validity of the self-administered visual analogue scale (VAS) for assessing the health status of elderly people. A survey was conducted in two villages in western Japan in 2003. A total of 2040 participants, aged between 60 and 75 years, completed questionnaires comprising the VAS and six Likert-type items for health status, physical strength, life enjoyment, appetite, sleep, and life satisfaction. Data of the valid participants who properly completed both the VAS and the Likert-type item on health status were analyzed (n=1579, 77.4%). Among the Likert-type items, the VAS score was the most associated with health status (r = 0.532), followed by physical strength (r = 0.509). The VAS score showed a weak negative correlation with age (r = -0.130), but no association with socioeconomic factors such as the number of family members or annual income. The correlations between the VAS and the Likert-type item on health status varied between categories in some attributes. Since the VAS score was moderately correlated with similar questions about health status in the Likert-type health questionnaire, it was considered that the VAS is a valid self-administered instrument for collecting data on the health status of elderly people. However, further investigations need to be conducted to improve the VAS and to establish better explanations for aged respondents.


Asunto(s)
Evaluación Geriátrica , Estado de Salud , Dimensión del Dolor , Anciano , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad
9.
Sci Total Environ ; 631-632: 1029-1037, 2018 Aug 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29727929

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Typically, land use regression (LUR) models have been developed using campaign monitoring data rather than routine monitoring data. However, the latter have advantages such as low cost and long-term coverage. Based on the idea that LUR models representing regional differences in air pollution and regional road structures are optimal, the objective of this study was to evaluate the validity of LUR models for nitrogen dioxide (NO2) based on routine and campaign monitoring data obtained from an urban area. METHOD: We selected the city of Suita in Osaka (Japan). We built a model based on routine monitoring data obtained from all sites (routine-LUR-All), and a model based on campaign monitoring data (campaign-LUR) within the city. Models based on routine monitoring data obtained from background sites (routine-LUR-BS) and based on data obtained from roadside sites (routine-LUR-RS) were also built. The routine LUR models were based on monitoring networks across two prefectures (i.e., Osaka and Hyogo prefectures). We calculated the predictability of the each model. We then compared the predicted NO2 concentrations from each model with measured annual average NO2 concentrations from evaluation sites. RESULTS: The routine-LUR-All and routine-LUR-BS models both predicted NO2 concentrations well: adjusted R2=0.68 and 0.76, respectively, and root mean square error=3.4 and 2.1ppb, respectively. The predictions from the routine-LUR-All model were highly correlated with the measured NO2 concentrations at evaluation sites. Although the predicted NO2 concentrations from each model were correlated, the LUR models based on routine networks, and particularly those based on all monitoring sites, provided better visual representations of the local road conditions in the city. CONCLUSION: The present study demonstrated that LUR models based on routine data could estimate local traffic-related air pollution in an urban area. The importance and usefulness of data from routine monitoring networks should be acknowledged.

10.
Matrix Biol ; 26(6): 409-18, 2007 Jul.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17490870

RESUMEN

Soluble GTP-bound transglutaminase 2 (TG2) induces hypertrophic differentiation in chondrocyte cultures in a beta1 integrin-dependent fashion. beta1 integrin subfamily consists of 12 heterodimers with 12 different alpha subunits and a beta1 subunit. To identify the specific integrin heterodimer(s) responsible for this process, we specifically blocked individual beta1 integrins on the CH-8 immortalized human chondrocytes during hypertrophic differentiation. Blockade of alpha5beta1 inhibited matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP-13), type X collagen expression, alkaline phosphatase activity and matrix calcification by 30-50% associated with weak effects of anti-alpha3beta1 and -alpha4beta1. Anti-alpha1beta1, -alpha2beta1 and -alpha6beta1 had no effect. To examine whether the dominant effect of integrin alpha5beta1 was due to a direct interaction with TG2, we incubated the chondrocytic cells on plates coated with GTP-bound TG2. The immobilized GTP-bound TG2 induced hypertrophic differentiation to the same extent as the soluble GTP-bound TG2, which was also inhibited by anti-alpha5beta1. CH-8 cells grown on plates coated with GTP-bound TG2 demonstrated adherence associated with focal adhesion kinase phosphorylation. These properties were inhibited by anti-alpha5beta1. Furthermore, engagement of alpha5beta1 on CH-8 cells via anti-alpha5beta1 antibody did, in fact, induce differentiation. Although CH-8 cells adhered to GTP-free TG2 via integrin alpha5beta1, the cells failed to undergo hypertrophic differentiation. Thus, integrin alpha5beta1 is critical for the chondrocyte hypertrophic differentiation induced by GTP-bound TG2, and this induction is ligand dependent.


Asunto(s)
Diferenciación Celular/fisiología , Condrocitos/metabolismo , Proteínas de Unión al GTP/metabolismo , Guanosina Trifosfato/metabolismo , Integrina alfa5beta1/fisiología , Transglutaminasas/metabolismo , Fosfatasa Alcalina/metabolismo , Animales , Anticuerpos Monoclonales/farmacología , Western Blotting , Calcificación Fisiológica/efectos de los fármacos , Adhesión Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Diferenciación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Línea Celular Transformada , Condrocitos/citología , Condrocitos/efectos de los fármacos , Colágeno Tipo II/genética , Colágeno Tipo X/genética , Enzimas Inmovilizadas/metabolismo , Enzimas Inmovilizadas/farmacología , Quinasa 1 de Adhesión Focal/metabolismo , Proteínas de Unión al GTP/farmacología , Expresión Génica/efectos de los fármacos , Guanosina Trifosfato/farmacología , Cobayas , Humanos , Cadenas alfa de Integrinas/inmunología , Cadenas alfa de Integrinas/metabolismo , Integrina alfa3beta1/metabolismo , Integrina alfa4beta1/metabolismo , Metaloproteinasa 13 de la Matriz/genética , Fosforilación/efectos de los fármacos , Proteína Glutamina Gamma Glutamiltransferasa 2 , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa de Transcriptasa Inversa , Transglutaminasas/farmacología
11.
FEBS Lett ; 581(14): 2697-701, 2007 Jun 12.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17531983

RESUMEN

Osteopontin is a multifunctional glycoprotein with roles in immunomodulation, inflammatory response, tissue mineralization, and tissue remodeling, which are mediated primarily through integrins. Transglutaminase 2 selectively cross-links proteins by isopeptide bonding. Osteopontin is one of the substrates of this enzyme and undergoes polymerization; however, the biological meaning of this polymerization remains unknown. Using recombinant osteopontin polymerized with purified transglutaminase 2, we examined cell adhesion, spreading, focal contact formation, and migration of SW480 or HUVE cells. All of these cellular behaviors were dramatically enhanced with polymeric osteopontin. These enhancements of cellular functions imply that polymerization might modulate physiological and pathological functions of osteopontin.


Asunto(s)
Movimiento Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Osteopontina/farmacología , Polímeros/farmacología , Proteínas Recombinantes/farmacología , Anticuerpos Monoclonales/farmacología , Catálisis , Adhesión Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Línea Celular , Línea Celular Tumoral , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Adhesiones Focales/efectos de los fármacos , Proteínas de Unión al GTP/química , Proteínas de Unión al GTP/metabolismo , Humanos , Immunoblotting , Integrinas/inmunología , Integrinas/metabolismo , Microscopía Confocal , Osteopontina/genética , Osteopontina/inmunología , Polímeros/química , Polímeros/metabolismo , Proteína Glutamina Gamma Glutamiltransferasa 2 , Proteínas Recombinantes/química , Proteínas Recombinantes/metabolismo , Transglutaminasas/química , Transglutaminasas/metabolismo
13.
PLoS One ; 12(2): e0172544, 2017.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28234951

RESUMEN

Average maternal age at birth has been rising steadily in Western and some Asian countries. Older maternal age has been associated with adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes; however, studies on the relationship between maternal age and young children's health remain scarce. Therefore, we sought to investigate the association of maternal age with child health outcomes in the Japanese population. We analyzed data from two birth cohorts of the nationwide Japanese Longitudinal Survey of Babies in 21st Century (n2001 = 47,715 and n2010 = 38,554). We estimated risks of unintentional injuries and hospital admissions at 18 and 66 months according to maternal age, controlling for the following potential confounders: parental education; maternal parity, smoking status, and employment status; household income; paternal age, and sex of the child. We also included the following as potential mediators: preterm births and birthweight. We observed a decreasing trend in the risks of children's unintentional injuries and hospital admissions at 18 months according to maternal age in both cohorts. In the 2001 cohort, compared to mothers <25 years, odds ratios of hospital admission at 18 months were 0.97 [95% CI: 0.86, 1.09], 0.92 [0.81, 1.05], 0.76 [0.65, 0.90], and 0.71 [0.51, 0.98] for mothers aged 25.0-29.9, 30.0-34.9, 35.0-39.9, and >40.0 years, respectively, controlling for confounders. Our findings were in line with previous findings from population-based studies conducted in the United Kingdom and Canada suggesting that older maternal age may be beneficial for early child health.


Asunto(s)
Peso al Nacer/fisiología , Salud Infantil/tendencias , Recien Nacido Prematuro/crecimiento & desarrollo , Edad Materna , Accidentes Domésticos/estadística & datos numéricos , Adulto , Niño , Preescolar , Escolaridad , Empleo/psicología , Empleo/estadística & datos numéricos , Femenino , Edad Gestacional , Hospitalización/estadística & datos numéricos , Humanos , Recién Nacido , Japón/epidemiología , Estudios Longitudinales , Oportunidad Relativa , Paridad/fisiología , Edad Paterna , Embarazo , Nacimiento Prematuro/epidemiología , Factores de Riesgo , Fumar/fisiopatología
14.
Hiroshima J Med Sci ; 55(2): 45-51, 2006 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16813068

RESUMEN

In contrast to studies of the effects of atmospheric temperature and pressure on the occurrence of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), the interaction of these two factors has rarely been studied. We analyzed ambulance data (1993-2002) due to AMI in Hiroshima City using the poisson regression model to examine the main effects and the interaction of atmospheric temperature and pressure on AMI (n=3755). In the analysis, thermohydrological-index (THI), or humidity adjusted temperature, was calculated to involve the effect of relative humidity. The significant influence of atmospheric temperature on AMI was confirmed. Daily events of AMI decreased as temperature increased. Daily events in the low, moderate, and high temperature groups were 1.16, 1.07 and 0.90, respectively (average=1.03/day). Atmospheric pressure showed a weaker effect in the presence of temperature. A more profound interaction was found between temperature and pressure. The highest daily events 1.38 were observed in the low temperature and low pressure group, while this meteorological type was always accompanied by rain and/or snow. It was significant (p=0.047) and 37% higher than that of the high temperature and moderate pressure group. The lowest daily events 0.87 were observed in the high temperature and low pressure group. These associations were reinforced when temperature adjusted by relative humidity was used. Atmospheric temperature and the interaction of temperature and pressure had significant influences on the occurrence of AMI. The highest risk was found on days with low temperature and low pressure. Days with high risk were characterized by winter rain and/or snow.


Asunto(s)
Presión Atmosférica , Ciudades , Infarto del Miocardio/epidemiología , Temperatura , Enfermedad Aguda , Femenino , Humanos , Humedad , Japón/epidemiología , Masculino , Factores de Riesgo , Estaciones del Año
15.
Hiroshima J Med Sci ; 55(4): 101-7, 2006 Dec.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17274540

RESUMEN

It is well known that psychological stress affects health status. Stiff neck and shoulder in a broad sense is one of the major somatic complaints among Japanese. The objective was to determine how much perceived stress and stiff neck/shoulder are associated with health-related quality of life (HRQoL) by gender. Participants (n = 512) completed the Japanese version of Perceived Stress Scale, the SF-8 Japanese version and original questions on perceived stiff neck/shoulder. Muscle hardness around the shoulder also was measured with the muscle tension meter. The multiple regression model of the men demonstrated that perceived stress was associated with not only the mental component summary (MCS) (beta: -0.494), but also the physical component summary (PCS) (beta = -0.319) of the SF-8. Although, in the model of the women, perceived stress was also associated with MCS (beta: -0.632) more than in that of the men, stiff neck/shoulder and age group (beta: -0.231; -0.268, respectively), but not stress, were related to PCS. The subjective neck/shoulder stiffness was hardly correlated with the objective shoulder muscle hardness. This study revealed the associations between perceived stress, stiff neck/shoulder and HRQoL, and their difference by gender. The hypothesis of gender differences was discussed with a focus on kind of stressors, perception of stress, admission of negative symptoms and cause of stiff neck/shoulder.


Asunto(s)
Estado de Salud , Dolor de Cuello/etiología , Dolor de Hombro/etiología , Estrés Psicológico/complicaciones , Adulto , Anciano , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Calidad de Vida , Análisis de Regresión , Caracteres Sexuales
16.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27845738

RESUMEN

Few stimulant drug users receive adequate treatment. This cross-sectional study describes the characteristics of female drug offenders that use stimulants and clarifies the factors related to the awareness of treatment for drug dependencies. We included 80 females imprisoned due to stimulant control law violations from 2012 to 2015. The characteristics of the female prisoners were stratified according to various treatment awareness levels, and associations between each characteristic and treatment awareness were evaluated using logistic regression models. The average period of stimulant drug use was 17.7 years. Participants imprisoned for the second time were significantly more likely to consider treatment compared to those imprisoned only once: odds ratio (OR) = 3.2 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.0-10.7). This elevated OR was diluted in repeat offenders. Participants who had experienced multiple aftereffects (≥7) or serious depressive symptoms were also more likely to consider treatment: OR = 6.1 (95% CI: 1.8-20.8) and OR = 2.5 (95% CI: 1.0-6.2), respectively. Second-time stimulant offenders or offenders who had experienced health problems were more likely to consider it important to receive drug dependence treatment. To overcome relapses of stimulant use, it is recommended that stimulant use offenders are encouraged to accept adequate treatment.


Asunto(s)
Estimulantes del Sistema Nervioso Central , Criminales , Conocimientos, Actitudes y Práctica en Salud , Trastornos Relacionados con Sustancias/psicología , Adulto , Criminales/estadística & datos numéricos , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Japón , Modelos Logísticos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Trastornos Relacionados con Sustancias/terapia , Mujeres/psicología , Adulto Joven
17.
Matrix Biol ; 24(6): 418-27, 2005 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16005200

RESUMEN

The extracellular matrix protein, osteopontin, is a ligand for several members of the integrin family, including alpha5beta1, alphavbeta3, alphavbeta5 and alpha9beta1. Osteopontin is a substrate for a number of extracellular proteases, including thrombin and the metalloproteases MMP-3 and MMP-7, which cleave osteopontin at sites close to or within the mapped integrin binding sites. Using affinity chromatography and cell adhesion assays, we now identify the integrin alphavbeta6 as an additional osteopontin receptor. Utilizing a series of recombinant forms of osteopontin, we compared the structural requirements for alphavbeta6 binding with those for the 4 other osteopontin-binding integrins. Like alpha5beta1, alphavbeta3 and alphavbeta5 (but not alpha9beta1), alphavbeta6 binds to the RGD site in osteopontin, since RGD peptide or mutation of this site to RAA completely inhibits alphavbeta6-mediated cell adhesion. For both alpha9beta1 and alpha5beta1, the N-terminal fragment generated by thrombin cleavage is a much better ligand than full length osteopontin, whereas thrombin-cleavage does not appear to be required for optimal adhesion to alphavbeta3, alphavbeta5 or alphavbeta6. A recombinant fragment predicted to be generated by MMP cleavage no longer supported alpha5beta1 or alpha9beta1-mediated adhesion, but adhesion mediated by alphavbeta5 or alphavbeta6 was unaffected. Finally, adhesion of alphavbeta5 or alphavbeta6 was inhibited by mutation of two aspartic acid residues upstream of the RGD site, whereas adhesion mediated by alphavbeta3, alpha5beta1 or alpha9beta1 was unaffected by these mutations. These results suggest that the hierarchy of integrin interactions with osteopontin can undergo complex regulation at least in part through the action of extracellular proteases.


Asunto(s)
Antígenos de Neoplasias/química , Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica , Integrina alfa5beta1/química , Integrina alfaVbeta3/química , Integrinas/química , Receptores de Vitronectina/química , Sialoglicoproteínas/metabolismo , Secuencia de Aminoácidos , Ácido Aspártico/química , Adhesión Celular , Línea Celular Tumoral , Cromatografía de Afinidad , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Matriz Extracelular , Citometría de Flujo , Regulación de la Expresión Génica , Humanos , Integrinas/metabolismo , Metaloproteinasa 3 de la Matriz/metabolismo , Metaloproteinasa 7 de la Matriz/metabolismo , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Mutagénesis Sitio-Dirigida , Mutación , Oligopéptidos/química , Osteopontina , Estructura Terciaria de Proteína , Proteínas Recombinantes/química , Sialoglicoproteínas/química , Trombina/química , Trombina/metabolismo , Transfección
18.
Nihon Eiseigaku Zasshi ; 60(4): 426-41, 2005 Nov.
Artículo en Japonés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16370352

RESUMEN

In Japan, over the last 40 years, the change in lifestyle, particularly the westernization of the diet, has led to increased frequency of "lifestyle-related disorders" such as, hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus, and atherosclerosis. Consequently, the morbidity and mortality due to coronary heart disease have increased, and the prevention of this disorder is now one of the major concerns when considering the quality of life of individuals and the public health policy. Hyperlipidemia, particularly hypercholesterolemia, is one of the major risk factors of atherosclerosis. Therefore, the clarification of the mechanisms of the development of hyperlipidemia is important in the consideration of the prevention and management of atherosclerotic disorders. Genetic and epidemiological studies have provided compelling evidence that genetic factors, environmental influences and the interaction between them all contribute to the development of this complex disorder. Various unexpected mechanisms of the development of hyperlipidemia have been elucidated by analyzing some hereditary disorders. Furthermore, the cloning of the genes involved in the maintenance of cholesterol and/or lipid homeostasis has made it possible to investigate the molecular mechanisms of the development of hyperlipidemia in detail. Elucidation of the genetic and environmental factors and detailed understanding of the molecular pathophysiology of hyperlipidemia are essential in the pursuit of evidence-based preventive medicine and health policy.


Asunto(s)
Conducta Alimentaria , Hiperlipidemias/etiología , Animales , Proteínas Portadoras/genética , Colesterol/metabolismo , Humanos , Hiperlipidemias/genética , Hiperlipidemias/fisiopatología , Hiperlipidemias/prevención & control , Lamina Tipo A/genética , Ratones , Polimorfismo Genético , Tiorredoxinas/genética , Factores Estimuladores hacia 5'/genética
19.
Hiroshima J Med Sci ; 54(3): 61-5, 2005 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16180697

RESUMEN

The assessment of stress is a key issue in health promotion policies as well as in treatment strategies for patients. The aim of this study was to confirm the accessibility and reliability of computer-assisted data collection for perceived stress measurement, using the Japanese version of the Perceived Stress Scale (JPSS), within the setting of a community-based survey. There were two groups of participants in this survey. One group responded to a Web-based application, and the other to the VBA of a spreadsheet software. The total scores of JPSS were almost normally distributed. The means of total scores of JPSS were 23.6 and 23.1. These results were lower than the previous study of JPSS. Since Cronbach's alpha coefficients in both surveys were more than 0.8, high reliability was demonstrated despite a number of computer-illiterate and/or aged participants. They felt that the spreadsheet form was easier to respond to. Two components were extracted with the Varimax rotation of principal component analysis, and these were named "perception of stress and stressors" and "behavior to stress". This finding suggests that it is possible to determine sub-scales. From the viewpoint of preventive medicine, it is expected that the JPSS applications will be utilized to investigate the relationship between stress and other factors such as lifestyle, environment and quality of life.


Asunto(s)
Diagnóstico por Computador , Estrés Psicológico/diagnóstico , Adulto , Anciano , Femenino , Promoción de la Salud , Encuestas Epidemiológicas , Humanos , Japón , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Encuestas y Cuestionarios
20.
Health Serv Res Manag Epidemiol ; 2: 2333392815598294, 2015.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28462260

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVES: Whether traffic remoteness from health care service in rural areas influences usage of ambulance service has not been well investigated. This study aimed to evaluate the relation between remoteness to health care facilities and incidence of ambulance calls in rural areas of Japan. METHODS: We analyzed 155 rural communities of Hiroshima. Data were obtained on all ambulance dispatches from 2010 to 2012. Driving time was calculated from each community to the closest primary/secondary and tertiary health care facility (equivalent to tertiary emergency care centers). We estimated the incidence rate and the incidence rate ratio (IRR) of ambulance calls for each 10-minute increase in the driving time, using generalized log-linear regression models, and evaluated the effect among each specific subgroup of emergency level and season. RESULTS: During the study period, the median incidence rate was 436 per 10 000 people in targeted communities. When driving time to the closest primary/secondary facility increased by an increment of 10 minutes, there was a significant increase in the IRR of ambulance calls, especially during colder seasons (IRR: 1.29 [95% confidence interval: 1.11-1.49]), and this relation was also obtained for most emergency levels. In comparison, there was no such increase in IRRs observed for driving time to a tertiary facility. CONCLUSION: This study indicated a positive association between remoteness to primary/secondary medical facilities and the frequency of ambulance calls. The remoteness to a primary/secondary health care may induce an increase in ambulance calls, particularly during cold seasons.

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