Health Beliefs in Association with Behaviors in Compliance with COVID-19 Public Health Guidelines: A Cross-sectional Study.

This study investigated the preventive health behaviors against the COVID-19 outbreak in Turkey according to the health belief model. The relationships between perceived susceptibility, severity, benefits, barriers, and preventive health behaviors were examined. 1401 participants consisting of 992 (70.8%) females and 409 (29.3%) males participated in an online survey. Independent groups t-test, hierarchical regression analysis and Process Macro were used for analyses. The findings showed that women perceived higher levels of severity of the disease and the benefits of preventive health behaviors than men. Men perceived more barriers to preventive health behaviors. The levels of anxiety and preventive health behaviors of women were higher than men. In regression analysis, male gender and perceived barriers were found as risk factors for preventive health behaviors. However, female gender, perceived severity, and benefits were protective factors for preventive health behaviors. People with low and moderate anxiety levels were more likely to comply with preventive health behaviors.

Social Contact, Academic Satisfaction, COVID-19 Knowledge, and Subjective Well-being Among Students at Turkish Universities: a Nine-University Sample.

Adverse effects of COVID-19 are seen not only on the physical health of infected individuals but also on their subjective well-being. Sudden changes in social lives, lockdowns, and shifts towards online education have had a negative impact on many people, especially university students. As part of an international study, the current study focused on the well-being of students at Turkish universities in relation to social contact, academic satisfaction, and COVID-19 knowledge. A total of 7363 students from nine universities (86.6% from state universities, 71.04% female, and 73.52% at bachelor's level) participated in an online survey. Results revealed that females had lower levels of subjective well-being and academic satisfaction. According to a mediation model in the study, the relationship between social contact and well-being was mediated by academic satisfaction and COVID-19 knowledge. Our findings can guide future researchers, mental health professionals, universities, and policymakers to understand and improve subjective well-being of university students.