Biological Activity of Bursera schlechtendalii Essential oil and the Roles of Its Chemical Components in the Wound Healing Process.

Essential oils are composed of terpenes, some of which have properties related to healing. Bursera schlechtendalii essential oil (BSEO) is used to heal superficial wounds. However, there have been no studies verifying this property. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the healing activity of BSEO in a murine model and to propose the roles of its chemical components in this process. Healing activity was evaluated by an incision model, histological analysis was performed, and tensile strength and antibacterial activity were measured. The chemical composition of BSEO was determined by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and the mechanisms of action of each chemical component during the phases of the healing process were proposed. In addition, acute dermal toxicity was evaluated. BSEO showed better wound closure at the macroscopic, histological, and tensile strength levels compared to controls and had an antibacterial effect. The major compound in BSEO was α-phellandrene. However, most of the monoterpenes identified in BSEO were in agreement with information found in the literature, so the possibility of synergy between the chemical components and their different targets in the healing process was schematically proposed. BSEO was shown to be safe in the dermal toxicity evaluation.

The Wound-Healing Effect of Mango Peel Extract on Incision Wounds in a Murine Model.

Mangifera indica can generate up to 60% of polluting by-products, including peels. However, it has been shown that flavonoids and mangiferin are mainly responsible for the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial activities closely related to the wound-healing process. The chemical composition of MEMI (methanolic extract of M. indica) was analyzed by HPLC-DAD, as well as concentrations of total phenol (TPC) and flavonoids (TFC) and antioxidant activity (SA50). Wound-healing efficacy was determined by measurements of wound contraction, histological analysis, and tensiometric method; moreover, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and acute dermal toxicity (OECD 402) were also evaluated. Phenol, resorcinol, conjugated resorcinol, and mangiferin were detected. TPC, TFC, and SA50 were 136 mg GAE/g, 101.66 mg QE/g, and 36.33 µg/mL, respectively. Tensile strength and wound contraction closure did not show significant differences between MEMI and dexpanthenol groups. Histological analysis (after 14 days) shows a similar architecture between MEMI treatment and normal skin. MEMI exhibits a reduction in edema. Staphylococcus epidermidis had an MIC of 2 mg/mL, while Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli reached 4 mg/mL. The MEMI showed no signs of toxicity. Therefore, this study demonstrates multiple targets that flavonoids and mangiferin of MEMI may present during the healing process.