Psychometric Properties of the Persian Version of Interpersonal Mindfulness in Parenting Scale.

Objective: This study was designed to explore the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Interpersonal Mindfulness in Parenting Scale (IMP-S). Method : This cross-sectional and psychometric study was performed on a sample of 491 parents in Iran who had at least one child in their home and were selected using the convenient sampling method. The Interpersonal Mindfulness in Parenting Scale (IMP-S), Mindful Attention Awareness Scale, Parental Authority Questionnaire, and the Forms of Self-Criticizing/Attacking & Self-Reassuring Scale were conducted on the sample. The validity of the IMP-S was assessed by factor analysis and Pearson correlation coefficients, while reliability was calculated by Cronbach's alpha. Results: At first, the whole data was analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis based on the original English version of the IMP-S. The proposed hypothesized factor solution was not good enough (CMIN / DF = 7.06. RSMEA = 0.081, CFI = 0.732, SRMR = 0.0860). Exploratory factor analysis and parallel analysis led to a three-factor structure for the 28 items, which included mindfulness toward the child, mindfulness about oneself and emotional awareness of parenting. The results of confirmatory factor analysis showed that the data was more fitted with this new three-factor solution (CMIN / DF = 2.06, CFI = 0.82, NFI = 0.715, RMSEA = 0.065, SRMR = 0.0795). The IMP-S was found to have a positive correlation with trait mindfulness, reassured self, and authoritative parenting style, whereas this association for the IMP-S and hatred self, inadequate self, and authoritarian parenting style was negative. The reliability of the whole scale was 0.84 and it was 0.77, 0.83, and 0.68 for the first, second, and third subscales, respectively. Conclusion: It seems that the Persian version of the IMP-S with three factors can better evaluate mindful parenting among the Iranian population. In contrast to people from other countries, Iranian people perceive mindfulness toward themselves and their children during parenting practice as two distinct issues.

Bacterial spectrum and antimicrobial resistance pattern in cancer patients with febrile neutropenia.

BACKGROUND: Bloodstream infections are serious complications in neutropenic cancer patients. There has been a universal pickup in multidrug resistant (MDR) strains. For individuals who are at high risk for infections caused by MDR bacteria, a novel de-escalation strategy has been developed. Determine the bacterial spectrum and antibiotic resistance pattern in febrile neutropenic cancer patients was the goal of this investigation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From 2019 to 2020, 60 cancer patients with febrile neutropenia who were sent to Isfahan's Omid Hospital were included in this retrospective analysis. Experiments were done on the antimicrobial susceptibility of isolated bacterial infections. RESULTS: The patients' average age was 43.35±15.59 years. Ninety-one percent (55/61) of the 60 patients had hematologic malignancies, and 8.3 percent (5/61) had solid tumors. The majority of the germs were gram-negative bacteria (66.7 percent). E. coli was the pathogen that was isolated the most frequently (26.7%), followed by Klebsiella (16.7 percent). In addition, the most prevalent identified Gram-positive bacteria was Staphylococcus epidermidis (21.7 percent). Third-generation cephalosporin (ESBL-E) resistance was present in 50% of E. coli, along with 50% resistance to cotrimoxazole, ciprofloxacin, and piperacillin, 31% resistance to amikacin, and 20% resistance to meropenem (CRE). They had an 80% sensitivity to amikacin and a 70% sensitivity to ciprofloxacin. Ten percent of our patients had antibiotic resistance in the antibiogram (XDR). CONCLUSION: In summary, most bacterial infections were resistant to different medications. The emergence and spread of Gram-negative bacteria that are resistant to antibiotics can be stopped by prudent antibiotic use.

Cognitive training for modifying interpretation and attention bias in depression: Relevance to mood improvement and implications for cognitive intervention in depression.

Depressed individuals interpret ambiguous information more negatively and this has been suggested a central component in cognitive models of depression. In this study we investigated the effectiveness of the interpretation modification training on modifying interpretation bias in depression and its association with symptoms reduction. In a double-blind, randomized controlled design, twenty-two depressed individuals (mean age = 19.86, SD = 1.16) were randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups. They completed 10 sessions of cognitive training with the Ambiguous Hallmark Program (AHP) over 5 weeks. Participants' interpretation bias and their depressive scores were assessed and compared before and after the intervention. Results showed that the AHP significantly decreased negative interpretation in the experimental group. Additionally, a significant decrease in the depressive scores was also observed in the intervention group compared to the control group. We also observed the transfer of learning from the AHP training to another interpretation bias task. The AHP can significantly modify negative interpretations and symptoms in depression providing preliminary supporting evidence for its clinical application especially in mild-to-moderate depression. Improved cognitive control over emotional information and unbiased attention to them could explain effects of the Interpretation modification paradigm. Further studies need to examine the efficacy of the AHP as a potential cognitive intervention in depression.

Perceptions and Experiences of Marriage Preparation Among U.S. Muslims: Multiple Voices from the Community.

Although Muslims in the United States are a growing population, there is limited research on their relational patterns and how they prepare for marriage. We conducted in-depth interviews with 32 members of the Muslim community in Southeast Michigan including married individuals, divorced individuals, therapists, and imams (Muslim religious leaders) to explore their perceptions and experiences of marriage preparation. Our analysis revealed that marriage preparation varies but is less likely to involve a requirement of premarital counseling, with imams being the primary providers, not therapists. Barriers to participation include stigma, lack of awareness, logistical and financial challenges, and parental influence. Partnerships between imams and therapists, and family and community efforts are necessary to address barriers and increase participation in premarital education programs.