[Thrombosed scapular intramuscular venous malformation: A pediatric case report]. / Malformation veineuse intramusculaire scapulaire thrombosée : à propos d'un cas chez un enfant.

Venous malformation (VM) is a frequent soft tissue mass in children that should not be confused with vascular tumors. We report the case of a 10-year-old boy with a bulky thrombosed VM of the shoulder with functional disability. D-dimer levels were high. Pathognomonic phleboliths were demonstrated on conventional x-rays. Echo-doppler confirmed the venous nature of the lesion and areas without flow suspicious for thrombosis. MRI provides the deep extension and can show non-calcified thrombi that are difficult to see with ultrasound. Localized intravascular coagulopathy is often associated with thrombosis phenomena and has to be confirmed by measurement of D-dimer levels in order to initiate anticoagulation quickly with low-molecular-weight heparin. Follow-up includes measurement of D-dimer levels and potentially MRI to evaluate the anticoagulation efficacy and tailor treatment duration.