Prevalence of dental trauma in deciduous teeth of Brazilian children.

The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of dental trauma as compared to the prevalence of dental caries in children aged 3-59 months. A cross-sectional study was carried out during the National Immunization Day for Polio in Recife, northeast Brazil. The sample comprised 3489 children under the age of 5. The clinical examination was performed by 123 previously trained dental students. The inter-examiner agreement for crown fracture was 90.32% and for tooth discoloration it was 83.87%. The prevalence of dental caries was assessed using the dmf-t index. The statistical methods included descriptive analysis and the chi-square test with a margin of error of 5%. A total of 56 142 teeth were examined and the prevalence of dental trauma was 14.9%. Dental fracture was the most prevalent injury observed in 516 teeth (0.9%), followed by discoloration in 191 (0.9%), intrusion in 12 (0.02%) and extrusion in five (0.008%). The most affected teeth were the upper central incisors. The prevalence of dental trauma increased significantly with age and family income (P < 0.0001). Dental trauma was most prevalent from 2 to 5 years of age. The prevalence of dental caries was 14.3%. This prevalence increased significantly with age (P < 0.0001) and with the reduction in family income (P < 0.0001). The results showed that the prevalence of dental caries and dental trauma was similar, and that both caused the same amount of damage to dental health for the target population.

Evaluation of different methods for monitoring incipient carious lesions in smooth surfaces under fluoride varnish therapy.

BACKGROUND: There are only a few studies relating visual inspection methods and laser fluorescence when monitoring regression of incipient carious lesions. AIM: The purpose of this study was to monitor incipient carious lesions in smooth surfaces under varnish fluoride therapy using visual inspection methods and laser fluorescence (LF). DESIGN: Active white spot lesions (n = 111) in upper front teeth of 36 children were selected. The children were subjected to four or eight applications of fluoride varnish in weekly intervals. The visual systems were activity (A) and maximum dimension in millimetres (D). They were applied together with LF readings (L) in the beginning of the study (W1), in the 5th week (W5), and in the 9th (W9) week. RESULTS: The mean (SD) of L values in W5 and W9 were 5.6 (3.8) and 4.5 (3.3), respectively; both were significantly different from the initial score of 7.4 (5.1) in W1. There was a positive correlation between D and L in W5 (r = 0.25) and W9 (r = 0.36; P < 0.05). The mean (SD) values of L were lower following the activity criteria. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings support the finding that incipient carious lesions in smooth surfaces under fluoride therapy can be monitored by laser fluorescence and visual inspection methods.

Percepção de crianças sobre a prática odontológica / Children's perception of dental practice

Objetivou-se conhecer a percepção de crianças sobre a prática odontológica por meio de desenhos à mão livre e de um questionário sobre a sua experiência odontológica prévia. Trata-se de um estudo observacional transversal, com análise de dados quantitativa e descritiva, realizado com 266 crianças de 7 a 12 anos de escolas públicas e privadas da cidade de Piancó (PB) e seus responsáveis. Os dados foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva e inferencial (Exato de Fisher e Qui-quadrado de Pearson) operados pelo programa SPSS v. 20.0., adotando nível de significância de 5%. Observou-se que 69,2% das crianças já tinham ido ao dentista e 65,0% tinha recebido trata mento preventivo. A impressão positiva do cirurgião-dentista foi expressa por 63,2% das crianças, que ainda o classificaram como uma pessoa amistosa (92,3%). Das crianças avaliadas, 89,1% receberam orientações sobre os procedimentos odontológicos realizados anteriormente, das quais, 86,9% compreenderam as orientações prévias ao tratamento. Houve associação entre ser de escola pública e possuir renda familiar igual ou inferior a um salário mínimo (p<0,001), bem como entre a impressão geral do desenho e o entendimento das explicações prévias ao tratamento (p=0,046). Conclui-se neste estudo que a imagem do profissional está intimamente relacionada com a comunicação que ele desenvolve com o paciente, havendo necessidade de qualificação continuada ao profissional que atenda ao público infantil... (AU)

The aims were to get to know the children's perception of dental practice through freehand drawings and a questionnaire about their previous dental experience. This is a cross-sectional observational study, with quantitative and descriptive data analysis, carried out with 266 children aged 7 to 12 years from public and private schools in the city of Piancó (PB) and their parents. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics (Fisher's Exact and Pearson's Chi-square) operated by the SPSS v. 20.0., Adopting a significance level of 5%. It was observed that 69.2% of the children had already gone to the dentist and 65.0% had received preventive treatment. The positive impression of the dentist was expressed by 63.2% of the children, who still classified him as a friendly person (92.3%). Of the children evaluated, 89.1% received guidance on the dental procedures performed previously, of which, 86.9% understood the guidelines prior to treatment. There was an association between being from a public school and having a family income equal to or less than a minimum wage (p <0.001), as well as between the general impression of the draw ing and the understanding of the explanations prior to treatment (p = 0.046). It is concluded in the study that the image of the professional is closely related to the communication that he develops with the pa tient, with the need for continued qualification to the professional that serves the child audience... (AU)

Use of glass ionomer cement containing antibiotics to seal off infected dentin: a randomized clinical trial.

Dental materials with antibacterial properties can prevent the harmful effects caused by oral cariogenic bacteria. This double-blind controlled clinical trial evaluated the performance of a glass ionomer cement (GIC) added with antibiotics for sealing infected dentin in atraumatic restorations of primary molars. The study enrolled 45 children (45 teeth) between 5 and 8 years of age, of both genders, divided into two groups: GC (n=22), where cavities were lined with a conventional GIC (Vidrion F) and GA (n=23), with cavities lined with Vidrion F added with 1% each of metronidazole, ciprofloxacin and cefaclor antibiotic. Both groups were restored with Ketac Molar Easymix. Molars with carious lesions on the inner half of dentin without clinical or radiographic pulp damage were selected. Patients were evaluated clinically (pain, fistulas or mobility) and radiographically (area of caries, periapical region and furcation) after 1, 3, 6 and 12 months. For statistical analysis, chi-squared or Fisher's exact tests were used with a 5% significance level. GA (82.6-95.7%) had better results than GC (12.5-36.4%) in all evaluations (p<0.05) and the difference in the success rate was 46.2-72.5% higher for GA. The use of the antibiotic-containing GIC liner on infected dentin proved satisfactory when applied in deciduous teeth.

Anxiety of parents and children in dental care / Ansiedade dos pais e crianças no tratamento odontológico

ABSTRACT Objective: To verify the prevalence and association of parents' and children's anxiety concerning socioeconomic variables and child's behavior during dental care. Methods: This was a quantitative, observational, transversal and descriptive study. Data collection was performed through a questionnaire aiming at sociodemographic data and dental experience as well as Venham Picture Test, Corah Dental Anxiety Scales and Frankl Anxiety Scale. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics (Chi-square and Fisher's exact test), α = 0.05. Results: The sample consisted of 7 to 9 year- old children (57.9%.), of whom 72.6% were submitted to invasive procedures. The prevalence of anxiety among children was 43.2% (n = 41). Regarding parents / guardians, the prevalence of anxiety was 88.4% (n = 84). A significant association was found between the dental appointment experience and the child's anxiety (p = 0.050) using the VPT. A significant association between anxiety and the type of dental procedure (p = 0.017) as well as the child's experience (p = 0.000) using the Frankl scale. Conclusion: There was no association between anxiety and socioeconomic variables. In the variables related to dental experiences, a significant association was found between the experience of the dental appointment and the anxiety of the child using the VPT scale. An association between anxiety and the type of procedure was observed, as well as dental appointment experience, using Frankl scale.

RESUMO Objetivo: Verificar a prevalência e a associação da ansiedade dos pais e filhos entre as variáveis socioeconômicas frente ao comportamento da criança durante o atendimento odontológico. Métodos: Este estudo foi caracterizado como quantitativo, observacional, transversal e descritivo. Para a coleta de dados, utilizou-se um questionário sobre dados sociodemográficos e experiência dentária, Escalas de Teste de Imagem de Venham, Escalas de Ansiedade Odontológica de Corah e Escala de Ansiedade de Frankl. Os dados foram analisados utilizando estatística descritiva e inferencial (Qui-quadrado e Teste exato de Fisher), α=0.05. Resultados: A maioria das crianças pertencia à faixa etária de 7 a 9 anos, 57,9%. Destas, 72,6% foram submetidos a procedimentos invasivos. A prevalência de ansiedade das crianças foi de 43,2% (n=41). Quanto aos pais/responsáveis, a prevalência de ansiedade foi de 88,4% (n=84). Foi verificada associação significativa entre experiência da consulta e ansiedade da criança (p= 0,050) utilizando a escala VTP. E foi verificada associação significativa entre a ansiedade e o tipo de procedimento (p= 0,017) e a experiência da criança (p=0,000) utilizando a escala de Frankl. Conclusão: Não houve associação entre ansiedade e as variáveis socioeconômicas. Nas variáveis relacionadas as experiências odontológicas, foi verificada associação significativa entre a experiência da consulta e a ansiedade da criança utilizando a escala VTP. Na escala de Frankl foi observada associação entre ansiedade e o tipo de procedimento, e experiência da consulta.

Caries removal in primary teeth--a systematic review.

OBJECTIVE: This systematic review addressed what the ideal limit is for removing carious tissue to address a caries lesion. METHOD AND MATERIALS: The Medline, Cochrane, and PubMed databases were searched for abstracts of English-language articles published between 2000 and 2010 as well as randomized clinical trials about the total, partial, and/or nonmechanical removal of carious tissue in primary teeth. The analysis of the abstracts was performed individually by two reviewers. The full text of potentially relevant studies was obtained, analyzed based on criteria for quality assessment of a randomized clinical trial, and placed in an evidence-based table. RESULTS: After reading the abstracts, 151 articles were excluded. Six references met the inclusion criteria and were selected for full reading. After the reviewers consulted with one another, three papers were considered potentially relevant to this review. CONCLUSION: This analysis suggests that minimally invasive procedures for dental tissue are viable choices for stopping caries lesions. Partial or nonmechanical removal of carious tissue favors the arrest of dental caries lesions.

Therapeutic potential of Brazilian fluoride varnishes: an in vivo study.

The aim of this study was to assess in vivo the therapeutic effect of three fluoride varnishes available in the Brazilian market on the performance of white spot lesions (WSL). The sample included 36 children aged 7 to 13 years old, with a total of 67 active WSL in permanent anterior teeth. The children were randomly divided into 3 groups, according to fluoride varnish used: FL- Fluorniz (n=24), DUO - Duofluorid XII (n=22) and DF - Durafluor (n=21). Maximum WSL dimensions (mesiodistal and incisogingival) were measured in millimeters by a previously calibrated single examiner using a periodontal probe. WSL were also assessed regarding lesion activity. Initial and final S-OHI (Simplified Oral Hygiene Index) scores were recorded. Pearson's chi-square test revealed no statistically significant differences (p>0.05) in the performance of the varnishes. At the end of the 5th week, FL had 6 active and 18 inactive WSL; DUO had 7 active and 15 inactive WSL; and DL had 6 active and 15 inactive WSL. Taking into account all lesions, there was a 45.7% reduction in WSL dimensions. Paired Student's t-test revealed a statistically significant difference (p<0.05) between the initial size (1.88) and final size (1.02). After four applications, all varnishes obtained similar clinical results.

Approaches adopted by dentists for management of occlusal caries in primary teeth / Condutas adotadas por cirurgiões-dentistas frente à cárie oclusal em dentes decíduos

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the approaches used by Family Health Strategy dentists in the city of Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil, for management of occlusal caries in primary teeth. Methods In this observational, cross-sectional, census-based, descriptive study, 33 professionals completed a questionnaire designed to evaluate their approach to management of occlusal caries in enamel and dentin of deciduous teeth in different risk situations. Data were analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics (Fisher's exact test with the level of significance set to 5%). Inter-examiner agreement was evaluated by Cohen's kappa statistic. Results For chronic enamel caries in primary teeth with low risk/activity, the approach of choice was preventive, with fluoride application being the most cited intervention (39.3%). For active carious dentin in primary teeth with high risk/activity and with low risk/activity, invasive approaches were most prevalent (93.9% and 78.8%, respectively), with complete caries removal (74.2%) and glass-ionomer restoration (69.2%) being the most frequent responses. Inter-examiner agreement was moderate (k = 0.44). Conclusion Although a wide range of approaches were adopted by dental practitioners, most preferred invasive interventions, even in situations where preservation of tooth structure was recommended.

RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar a conduta de cirurgiões-dentistas da Estratégia de Saúde da Família do município de Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brasil, frente à cárie oclusal em dentes decíduos. Métodos Foi um estudo observacional, transversal, censitário e descritivo no qual 33 profissionais responderam a um questionário que avaliou suas condutas diante de cáries oclusais em esmalte e dentina de dentes decíduos, em diferentes situações de risco. Os dados foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva e inferencial (Teste Exato de Fisher com nível de significância de 5%). A concordância inter-examinador foi avaliada pelo Teste Kappa de Cohen. Resultados Para a cárie crônica em esmalte de dentes decíduos com baixo risco/atividade de cárie a conduta de eleição foi preventiva, sendo a aplicação de flúor a mais citada (39,3%). Nos casos de cárie ativa em dentina em dentes decíduos com alto risco/atividade de cárie e de cárie ativa em dentina de dentes decíduos com baixo risco/atividade de cárie, a conduta invasiva foi a mais indicada (93,9% e 78,8%, respectivamente), sendo a remoção total do tecido cariado (74,2%) e restauração com ionômero de vidro (69,2%) as respostas mais frequentes. A concordância inter-examinador foi moderada (k=0,44). Conclusão As condutas adotadas pelos profissionais variaram bastante, havendo uma preferência por condutas caráter invasivo em situações onde a preservação da estrutura dentária era o mais indicado.

Odontopediatras e técnicas aversivas no controle do comportamento infantil

Avaliar o perfil dos odontopediatras e o uso das técnicas aversivas para o controle do comportamento no cotidiano clínico. Sujeitos e método: foi realizado um estudo transversal, censitário, realizado com 33 odontopediatras atuantes na cidade de João Pessoa, regularmente inscritos no Conselho Regional de Odontologia da Paraíba. Os dados foram coletados por meio de questionário, objetivando avaliar: dados sociodemográficos; seleção e indicação das técnicas aversivas; ansiedade do odontopediatra e o consentimento e aceitação das técnicas aversivas pelas crianças/responsáveis. A análise dos dados foi realizada por estatística descritiva. Resultados: os odontopediatras foram representados principalmente pelo sexo feminino (93,9%), graduados há mais de 10 anos (84,8%) e com especialização (45,5%). Entre os profissionais, 84,8% utilizavam as técnicas aversivas, destes, 75,0% utilizavam as técnicas em pelo menos dois a cada 10 pacientes. No entanto, apenas 66,6% consideraram a abordagem do assunto suficiente durante a pós/graduação. A técnica aversiva mais escolhida pelos profissionais foi a contenção de braços, pernas e cabeça sem dispositivos específicos (53,6%), a principal indica- ção foi para crianças birrentas e agressivas (39,3%) e os profissionais relataram baixa ansiedade para execução das técnicas (46,4%). A maioria dos odontopediatras (60,7%) não solicitava a assinatura do termo de consentimento. Além disso, 92,9% afirmaram que a estabilização protetora não era rejeitada pelos pais, como também, 92,9% não consideraram que a estabilização protetora prejudicasse a aceitação do tratamento odontológico posterior da família do paciente. Conclusão: foi comum os odontopediatras utilizarem as técnicas aversivas para o controle comportamental, porém poucos solicitavam a autorização pelo termo de consentimento.

Perfil do cuidador de pessoas com deficiência / Profile of caregivers of disabled Persons

Introdução: Pessoa com deficiência (PCD) são aquelas quepossuem limitações ou incapacidade para o desempenho deatividade e se enquadram nas categorias física, visual, auditiva,mental e múltipla. Em muitos casos as PCD precisam decuidados especiais. Entende-se como cuidador aquele quevivencia o ato de cuidar, e se responsabiliza em desenvolverações de ajuda, proteção, prevenção e recuperação da saúde.Objetivo: Este estudo transversal teve o propósito de conhecero perfil dos cuidadores com relação ao cuidado da Pessoacom Deficiência adscritos nos distritos sanitários da cidade deJoão Pessoa (PB). Material e métodos: A amostra do estudo foiestratificada por conglomerados, a partir de um universoestimado de 682 cuidadores de PCD, sendo representativacom 246 participantes. Os dados foram coletados em umformulário e analisados quantitativamente por estatísticadescritiva. Resultados: A maioria dos cuidadores possuía gênerofeminino, ensino fundamental, com média de 49 anos deidade. A maior parte dos pesquisados era cuidador familiar deuma PCD, sem ajuda de parentes, e, apesar de não possuíremcapacitação específica, sentiam-se seguros para exercer o atode cuidar. A deficiência intelectual foi a mais frequentementecuidada. A maioria dos cuidadores apresentou patologias esentimentos negativos após assumirem a responsabilidade decuidar, compreendiam que a divisão de responsabilidades decuidar com outros familiares poderia melhorar sua qualidadede vida e não recebiam cuidados. Conclusão: A maioria dospesquisados eram cuidadores familiares e necessitam decapacitação e cuidados. Sugeriu-se o fortalecimento e aimplementação de políticas públicas de saúde para quemexerce a função de cuidar.

Introducion: Disabled people (DP) are defined as those withlimiting capacity or incapacity to perform activities due tophysical, visual, auditory, mental and multiple disorders. Inmany cases, DP need special care. A caregiver is understoodas the one who experiences the act of caring and is responsiblefor developing aid actions, protection, prevention and healthrecovery. Objective: This was a cross-sectional study aiming tounderstand the profile of caregivers of DP assigned to healthdistricts in the city of João Pessoa, PB. Material and methods:The study sample was stratified by conglomerates, including atotal of 246 respondents from an estimated universe of 682 DPcaregivers. The data were collected through a form andanalyzed quantitatively using descriptive statistics. Results:Most caregivers were females, with elementary education, andaged 49 years on average. The majority of respondents werecaregivers of a disabled person receiving no further help fromtheir relatives. Despite lacking specific training, the respondentsfelt safe to exercise the act of care. DP with intellectualdeficiency were the most frequently cared individuals. Mostcaregivers presented disorders and negative feelings after takingresponsibility for the disabled person. Furthermore, they reportedthat’s haringcare responsibility with other family members couldimprove their quality of life, as they received no care either.Conclusion: The majority of respondents were family caregiversin need of training and care. Public health policies targetingcaregivers should be strengthened and implemented.

[Prevalence of anterior open bite and overjet preschoolers in the city of Recife (PE, Brazil)]. / Prevalência de mordida aberta anterior e protrusão dentária em pré-escolares da cidade do Recife (PE, Brasil).

The objective of this work was to verify the prevalence of malocclusions (anterior open bite, overjet) and its association with age, gender and type of school with a sample of 2,651 preschool children in the city of Recife, PE, Brazil. The children were seated in school chairs in the room of the day care/school for the clinical exam, children aging two years or less were assisted in the system knee-knee, through natural and artificial illumination. The dental protrusion was verified when the overjet was larger than 3 mm through periodontal probe in millimeters. The presence of anterior open bite was detected when there was no contact with the anterior teeth and the posterior ones stayed in occlusion. t was also registered in clinical record a combination of the two malocclusions types, in other words, open bite and of dental protrusion. The data were analyzed at Qui-square and the association among the events was the odds ratio. The prevalence of protrusion was 66.1% and previous open bite 19.8%. There was association among this malocclusions, age and type of school, however there was not significant statistical association between malocclusion and gender. It was concluded that the prevalence of malocclusion in preschoolers was high and it was associated to the age and school type.

Impacto da saúde bucal na qualidade de vida de escolares do município de pequeno porte da paraíba / Impact of oral health in life quality of school children in a small municipality of Paraíba

Introdução: Doenças bucais são comuns na infância e causam um impacto negativo na qualidade de vida das crianças. Objetivo: Avaliar a relação do impacto da qualidade de vida e necessidade de tratamento odontológico de crianças na faixa etária de 8 a 10 anos em escolas municipais de ensino de Mari (PB). Material e método: Oitenta e seis escolares participaram da pesquisa que consistiu na aplicação do Child Perceptions Questionnaire (CPQ8-10) e exame bucal utilizando o índice INTO realizado por um único examinador calibrado (kappa interexaminador=0,83 e intraexaminador=0,54). Foi realizada estatística descritiva e inferencial (Qui quadrado e Exato de Fisher) com nível de significância de 5%, através do programa Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. Resultados: A maioria das crianças possuía 8 anos (38,4%, n=33), eram do sexo feminino (58,1%, n=50), sendo equitativamente distribuídas em escolas da zona urbana e rural. A maioria das crianças tinha necessidade de tratamento dentário (73,3%). O domínio mais frequente do CPQ foi alto e médio impacto na qualidade de vida das crianças foram os sintomas bucais (68,6%). Houve associação significativa entre os aspectos relacionados ao bem estar-social e a necessidade de tratamento cirúrgico restaurador, onde 72,7% dos pesquisados apresentavam elevada necessidade de tratamento restaurador e alto ou médio impacto em sua qualidade de vida (p<0,05). Houve associação estatisticamente significativa entre o impacto de qualidade de vida da criança e a necessidade de tratamento cirúrgico-restaurador (p<0,05). Conclusão: Pôde-se concluir que o impacto de qualidade de vida e a necessidade de tratamento estão associados nos escolares pesquisados.(AU)

Introduction: Oral Diseases are common in childhood and have a negative impact on quality of life of children. Objective: To evaluate the relationship of the impact of quality of life and need for dental treatment of children aged 8 to 10 years in municipal schools of education in Mari (PB). Methods: Eighty-six students participated in the survey which consisted of the application of the Child Perceptions Questionnaire (CPQ8-10) and oral examination using the INTO index performed by a single calibrated examiner (kappa = 0.83 inter and intra-rater = 0.54). Descriptive and inferential statistics (square and Fisher exact Thursday) with 5% significance level was performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences program. Results: Most of the children had 8 years (38.4%, n = 33) were female (58.1%, n = 50), and evenly distributed in schools in urban and rural areas. Most children had need of dental treatment (73.3%). The most common domain CPQ was high and medium impact on the quality of life of children were the oral symptoms (68.6%). A significant association between the aspects related to welfare and social and the need for surgical treatment restorer, where 72.7% of respondents had a high need for restorative treatment and high or medium impact on their quality of life (p <0.05). There was a statistically significant association between the child's quality of life impact and the need for surgical-restorative treatment (p <0.05). Conclusion: It was concluded that the impact of quality of life and the need for treatment are associated in schoolchildren.(AU)

Therapeutic effect of two fluoride varnishes on white spot lesions: a randomized clinical trial.

The aim of this randomized clinical trial study was to evaluate the therapeutic effect of two varnish formulations (G1 = 5% NaF, G2 = 6% NaF + 6% CaF(2)) on the remineralization of white spot lesions (WSL). The sample was composed of 15 (7- to 12-year-old) children with 45 active WSL in anterior permanent teeth. The children were randomly divided into two groups providing 22 lesions for G1 and 23 for G2. The children were submitted to weekly varnish applications 4 times. The WSL were evaluated twice: baseline and on week 4. Maximum lesion dimensions (mesiodistal and incisogingival) were measured in millimeters and classified in four grades of size. WSL were also assessed regarding lesion activity by one calibrated examiner. The Pearson chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were used (P < 0.01). WSL reductions were observed in both varnish groups (Chi-square = 0.15, d.f. = 1, P = 0.90), and with similar magnitude (in mm): 1.19 and 1.29 for G1 and G2, respectively. Thirty-six WSL (15 in G1 and 21 in G2) were classified as inactive on week 4, reaching an overall value of 80%. No difference was observed between G1 and G2 regarding activity scores (Fisher's exact test, p > 0.01). It was concluded that after 4 applications the two varnish formulations tested produced similar clinical effects, indicating the reduction and the control of carious activity in most WSL.

Conduta dos odontopediatras e clínicos gerais diante de uma avulsão traumática na dentição decídua / Conduct of the pediatric dentists and dentists before a traumatic avulsion primary dentition

Avaliar a conduta e o conhecimento de cirurgiões dentistas diante de uma situação de avulsão traumática na dentição decídua. Material e Métodos: Foi um estudo transversal, no qual participaram 99 cirurgiões-dentistas (26 odontopediatras e 73 clínicos gerais), selecionados por conveniência a partir dos registros no Conselho Regional da Paraíba do município de João Pessoa. Os profissionais responderam a um questionário sobre a conduta pós-avulsão, bem como ao tratamento adequado para os casos de avulsão de dentes decíduos. Os dados foram analisados segundo estatística descritiva e inferencial, a partir do teste Qui-quadrado de Pearson (p<0,05). Resultados: A maior parte dos profissionais tinha experiência com situações de avulsão de dentes decíduos (53,5%), entretanto nunca realizou reimplante deste tipo de elemento (78,8%). Melhores resultados foram observados nos odontopediatras do que nos clínicos gerais, porém as únicas variáveis que apresentaram diferença estatística entre os grupos foram experiência prévia (p=0,01) e frequência de contato com situações de avulsão de dentes decíduos (p=0,03). Conclusão: O conhecimento e conduta dos profissionais foram razoavelmente satisfatórios, sendo superior por parte dos odontopediatras, entretanto sem diferença significativa entre os grupos. Ressalta-se a necessidade de campanhas de educação continuada direcionadas para estes profissionais...

To evaluate the conduct and knowledge of dentists in a situation of traumatic avulsion in the primary dentition. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study in which 99 dentists (26 pediatric dentists and 73 general practitioners) were selected by convenience from the records of the Regional Council of Dentistry of Paraíba, in the city of João Pessoa, Brazil. Professionals completed a questionnaire about post-avulsion conduct, as well as appropriate treatment for cases of avulsion of primary teeth. Data were analyzed according to descriptive and inferential statistics(Chi-square test) with a margin of error of 5%. Results: Most of the professionals had experience with cases of avulsion of primary teeth (53.5 %), however, most of them had never performed replantation (78.8 %). Better results were observed in pediatric dentists than in general practitioners , but the only variables that showed statistical differences between groups were previous experience (p = 0.01) and frequency of contact with situations of avulsion of primary teeth (p = 0.03). Conclusion: The knowledge and professional conduct were reasonably satisfactory, being higher by the pediatric dentists, however there was no significant difference between groups. We emphasize the need for continued education campaigns targeting these professionals...

Use of glass ionomer cement containing antibiotics to seal off infected dentin: a randomized clinical trial

Dental materials with antibacterial properties can prevent the harmful effects caused by oral cariogenic bacteria. This double-blind controlled clinical trial evaluated the performance of a glass ionomer cement (GIC) added with antibiotics for sealing infected dentin in atraumatic restorations of primary molars. The study enrolled 45 children (45 teeth) between 5 and 8 years of age, of both genders, divided into two groups: GC (n=22), where cavities were lined with a conventional GIC (Vidrion F) and GA (n=23), with cavities lined with Vidrion F added with 1% each of metronidazole, ciprofloxacin and cefaclor antibiotic. Both groups were restored with Ketac Molar Easymix. Molars with carious lesions on the inner half of dentin without clinical or radiographic pulp damage were selected. Patients were evaluated clinically (pain, fistulas or mobility) and radiographically (area of caries, periapical region and furcation) after 1, 3, 6 and 12 months. For statistical analysis, chi-squared or Fisher's exact tests were used with a 5% significance level. GA (82.6-95.7%) had better results than GC (12.5-36.4%) in all evaluations (p<0.05) and the difference in the success rate was 46.2-72.5% higher for GA. The use of the antibiotic-containing GIC liner on infected dentin proved satisfactory when applied in deciduous teeth.

Os materiais dentários com propriedades antibacterianas podem proteger os efeitos nocivos causados por bactérias cariogênicas. Este ensaio clínico controlado duplo-cego avaliou o desempenho do cimento de ionômero de vidro (CIV) associado à antibióticos no selamento da dentina infectada em restaurações atraumáticas de molares decíduos. O estudo envolveu 45 crianças (45 dentes) entre 5 e 8 anos de idade, de ambos os sexos, divididos em dois grupos: GC (n=22), onde as cavidades foram forradas com CIV convencional (Vidrion F) e GA (n=23), onde as cavidades foram forradas com Vidrion F contendo 1% de cada um dos antibióticos metronidazole, ciprofloxacina e cefaclor. Ambos os grupos foram restaurados com Ketac Molar Easymix. Molares com lesões de cárie na metade interna da dentina, sem danos pulpares clínicos ou radiográficos foram selecionados. Os pacientes foram avaliados clinicamente (presença de dor, fístulas ou mobilidade) e radiograficamente (área de cárie, região periapical e de furca dos dentes), após 1, 3, 6 e 12 meses. Para a análise estatística o Qui-quadrado ou Exato de Fisher foram utilizados com 5,0% de significância. GA (82,6-95,7%) obteve melhores resultados do que GC (12,5-36,4%) em todas as avaliações (p<0,05) e a diferença na taxa de sucesso foi de 46,2-72,5% maior para GA. O uso do CIV com antibióticos no forramento da dentina infectada foi satisfatório em dentes decíduos.

Estimation of Toothpaste Fluoride Intake in Preschool Children

The objective of this study was to estimate the intake of toothpaste fluoride used by children aged 2 to 6 years (n=87) treated at a hospital of a medium-sized city (Campina Grande, PB) in the Northeastern region of Brazil. Data regarding sociodemographic characteristics of families and children's toothbrushing were collected from questionnaire-based interviews with parents/guardians, and the amount of fluoride used during toothbrushing was estimated using a precision scale for assessment of the risk of dental fluorosis, considering a cutoff value of 0.07 mgF/kg body weight/day. Fluoride content in the toothpastes was analyzed using a specific fluoride electrode. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics using the chi-square and Fisher's exact tests (α=0.05). Considering the use of the derice, the risk of fluorosis in the children was 19.5%. There was significant association (p<0.05) between the risk of fluorosis, brushing frequency, type of derice and who performed the child's oral hygiene. It was concluded that a high percentage of children in the studied sample used toothpaste inappropriately and were at risk of developing dental fluorosis.

Resumo O objetivo do presente trabalho foi estimar a ingestão de flúor de derícios utilizados por crianças de 2 a 6 anos de idade (n=87) atendidas em um hospital de médio porte (Campina Grande, PB) na região nordeste do Brasil. Os dados envolveram características sócio-demográficas e escovação dentária das crianças através de uma entrevista com formulário específico, aplicado aos pais/responsáveis, e a quantidade de flúor utilizada na escovação da criança, por meio de balança de precisão, para avaliação do risco de fluorose dentária, considerando o ponto de corte 0,07 mgF/kg peso corporal/dia. O conteúdo de flúor nos cremes dentais foi analisado utilizando eletrodo específico. Os dados foram trabalhados sob a forma de estatística descritiva e inferencial usando o testes do Qui-quadrado de Pearson e Exato de Fisher (α= 0,05). Levando-se em consideração o uso do derício, o risco de fluorose das crianças pesquisadas foi 19,5%. Houve associação significativa entre o risco de fluorose, a frequência de escovação, o tipo de derício e quem realiza a higiene bucal da criança (p<0,05). Concluiu-se que elevada parcela das crianças usavam o derício de forma inadequada e apresentaram risco de fluorose. .

Características bucais da perimólise e episódios recorrentes de vômitos: relato de caso / Features Oral of Perimolysis Recurrent Vomiting: Case Report

O presente trabalho teve o propósito de abordar, por meio de relato de caso clínico, aspectos relevantes sobre o diagnóstico, tratamento e acompanhamento de uma criança de 10 anos de idade portadora de perimólise. Ao exame clínico, a paciente apresentou IHO-S igual a 0,16 e ISG de 26,0%. Foram verificadas alterações do esmalte em vários elementos dentários (superfície palatina dos dentes anteriores superiores). O tratamento consistiu de 08 aplicações em intervalos semanais de verniz fluoretado a 5% NaF. Orientações de higiene e dieta também foram condutas adotadas. Após a realização das intervenções, foi constatada a redução da sensibilidade dentária.

This paper aims to address, through clinical case, the relevant aspects on the diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of a 10 year old carrier perimolysis. On clinical examination, the patient had OHI-S equal to 0.16 and 26.0% of ISG. Enamel alterations were noted in several dental elements (palatal surface of maxillary anterior teeth). Treatment consisted of 08 weekly applications at intervals of 5% NaF fluoride varnish. Guidelines hygiene and diet behaviors were also adopted. After completion of the interventions, was found to reduce tooth sensitivity.

Conhecimento de acadêmicos em odontologia sobre maus-tratos infantis / Knowledge of academic course of dentistry maltreatment on children

O objetivo desse estudo foi verificar o nível de conhecimento dos acadêmicos do último ano de um curso de graduação em Odontologia sobre maus-tratos infantis. Esta pesquisa epidemiológica, descritiva e transversal, quantitativa e qualitativa, teve como amostra (n=59) acadêmicos do último ano do curso de graduação em Odontologia do Centro Universitário de João Pessoa (UNIPÊ), sendo realizada por meio de um questionário individual com perguntas abertas e fechadas. Os dados foram apresentados sob a forma de estatística descritiva (valores absolutos e percentuais) e apresentados através de tabelas, quadros, gráficos. Observou-se que a maioria dos acadêmicos não soube definir (100,0%) e classificar (96,3%) os maus-tratos infantis, porém a maioria dos pesquisados foi capaz de apontar os seus sinais/ sintomas gerais (97,8%) e bucais (91,1%). Assim também como informar a conduta a ser adotada diante de casos de maus-tratos infantis (80,4%). Concluiu-se que de uma forma geral, houve conhecimento parcialmente adequado dos acadêmicos do último ano de Odontologia do UNIPÊ sobre maus-tratos infantis.

Child abuse has proved a focus of concern in the scientific community due to the serious consequences in the short and long term of child development. This epidemiological descriptive and cross-sectional quantitative and qualitative study aimed to acess the knowledge level of students from last year of undergraduate course in Dentistry (University Center of João Pessoa - UNIPÊ) on child abuse (n=59), through a individual questionnaire with opened and closed questions. It was observed that most academics did not know to define (100.0%) and to rate (96.3%) the child abuse; however, the majority of respondents were able to point their overall signs/symptoms (97.8 %) and oral (91.1%). Most academics knew to inform the approach to be used for cases of child abuse (80.4%). Overall, there was partially adequate knowledge of students of the last academic year at School of Dentistry of UNIPÊ about child abuse.

Hábitos de alimentação e sucção de bebês assistidos em Hospital Amigo Da Criança, Campina Grande/PB, Brasil / Feeding and sucking habits of infants treated at a 'Friend of Children Hospital' in Campina Grande, PB, Brazil

Objetivo: Verificar a prevalência e a associação de hábitos de alimentação e de sucção de bebês, na faixa etária de zero a 24 meses, atendidos no Instituto de Saúde Elpídio de Almeida (ISEA), em Campina Grande, PB, Brasil. Método: Para tanto, uma amostra probabilística de 800 mães responderam a uma entrevista estruturada, avaliando questões relativas ao padrão alimentar (amamentação e alimentação complementar) e aos hábitos de sucção (uso de chupeta e mamadeira). A análise dos dados incluiu a estatística descritiva e inferencial (teste de Qui-quadrado de Pearson, nível de significância de 5%) por meio do Programa SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences), v.13.0. Resultados: O percentual de desmame precoce foi considerado baixo (13,5%) e de amamentação exclusiva, elevado (61,9%). Uma parcela expressiva das crianças fazia uso de mamadeira (35,4%) e de chupeta (38,0%). O leite em pó foi a alimentação complementar mais usada pelas mães do estudo (63,9%). Houve associação entre desmame precoce e uso de mamadeiras, bem como aleitamento artificial ou misto e hábito de sucção de chupeta (p menor que 0,05). Conclusão: Os percentuais de desmame precoce foi baixo e de amamentação exclusiva foi elevado e houve associação entre padrão alimentar e hábitos de sucção do bebê. Há, portanto, necessidade da manutenção de políticas de incentivo ao aleitamento materno, corroborando com o aumento da qualidade de vida da população infantil do município estudado.

Objective: To determine the prevalence and association of feeding and sucking habits of infants aged 0-24 months treated at the Institute of Health Elpidio de Almeida (ISEA) in the city of Campina Grande, PB, Brazil. Method: A probabilistic sample of 800 mothers answered to a structured interview to evaluate issues relative to feeding pattern (breast-feeding and complementary feeding) and sucking habits (use of pacifier and feeding bottle). Data analysis included descriptive and inferential statistics (Pearson's chi-square test at a significance level of 5%) using the SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) software, v.13.0. Results: The percentages of early weaning and exclusive breastfeeding, respectively, were considered low (13.5%) and high (61.9%). A significant portion of the children was bottle-fed (35.4%) and used pacifiers (38.0%). Powdered milk was the most commonly used complementary feeding by the mothers in the study (63.9%). A statistically significant association was found between early weaning and bottle-feeding, as well as between artificial or mixed nursing with pacifier sucking habit (p<0.05). Conclusion: A low percentage of early weaning and high percentage of exclusive breastfeeding were observed, and there was an association between the infant's feeding pattern and the sucking habits. There is, hence, the need to maintain policies that encourage breastfeeding in order to increase the quality of life of the infant population in the evaluated city.

Práticas de pais sobre a higiene bucal e dieta de pré-escolares da rede pública / Parents practices regarding the oral hygiene and diet of preschoolers attending public schools

Objetivo: Avaliar práticas de pais - responsáveis de pré-escolares -, na faixa etária de 2 a 5 anos da rede pública de João Pessoa, em relação à higiene bucal e dieta de seus filhos. Métodos: O estudo foi observacional descritivo, sendo a amostra estratificada e proporcional ao número de pólos político-administrativos de João Pessoa (n=391). A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de questionário contendo questões objetivas e os dados coletados foram trabalhados sob forma de estatística descritiva.Resultados: Verificou-se que 70,1% dos pesquisados afirmaram haver recebido informações sobre higiene bucal da criança e principal fonte de informação citada foi o cirurgião-dentista (55,8%). Com relação à dieta da criança, 66,0% destas possuíam dieta cariogênica, 11,8% eram amamentadas e 47,8% faziam uso de mamadeiras. Quase a totalidade das crianças possuía escova (99,2%) e creme dental (96,4%) e 97,7% dos responsáveis limpavam a boca de seus filhos, sendo a forma mais citada a escova e o creme dental (79,1%). Os pais eram responsáveis pela escovação dentária das crianças na maior parte dos casos (76,2%). Dos participantes, 63,4% relataram iniciar a escovação dentária das crianças até 1 ano de idade e apenas 27,9% cobriam menos da metade as cerdas da escova neste momento. Conclusão: Faz-se necessário a implementação de programas de educação continuada sobre risco de cárie em relação à dieta da criança e risco de fluorose dentária devido ao uso do dentifrício fluoretado.

Objective: To assess the practices of parents - responsible for preschoolers regarding the oral hygiene and diet of preschool children aged 2 to 5 years attending public schools in Joao Pessoa.Methods: This was an observational, descriptive study. The sample was stratified and proportional to the number of political and administrative districts of João Pessoa (n = 391). An objective questionnaire was used to collect data, which were then processed by descriptive statistics.Results: Most interviewees (70.1%) reported that their main source of information on children?s oral hygiene was the dentist (55.8%). Regarding diet, 66.0% of the children consumed a cariogenic diet, 11.8% were breastfed and 47.8% were bottle-fed. Almost all the children had a toothbrush (99.2%) and toothpaste (96.4%) and 97.7% of the caregivers cleaned their children?s mouths, usually with a toothbrush and toothpaste (79.1%). The parents were normally the ones who brushed the children?s teeth (76.2%). Most (63.4%) participants reported starting to brush their children?s teeth before the child?s first birthday and only 27.9% covered less than half the bristles of the brush at this time. Conclusion: Ongoing education programs on diet-related risk of caries and risk of dental fluorosis secondary to fluoridated toothpaste need to be implemented.