RESUMEN
Safer-by-design and sustainable energy storage devices are envisioned to be among the required 2.0â solutions to satisfy the fast growing energy demands. Responding to this evolution cannot be freed from a global and synergetic approach to design the requisite electrolytes taking into account the toxicity, the eco-compatibility and the cost of their constituents. To target low-temperature applications, a non-toxic and cost-efficient eutectic system comprising LiNO3 in water with 1,3-propylene glycol as co-solvent was selected to design a ternary electrolyte with a wide liquid range. By using this electrolyte in an electrochemical double-layer capacitor (EDLC), the operating voltage of the device reaches an optimum of 2.0â V at -40 °C over more than 100â h of floating. Moreover, after being set up at 20 °C, the temperature resilience of the capacitance is near total, demonstrating thus a promising feature related to the suitable thermal and electrochemical behaviours of the tested EDLC devices.
RESUMEN
The redefinition of the commonly named "water-in-salt" clarifies the operating temperatures of the state-of-the-art LiTFSI-based aqueous solutions. An in-depth study shows its mismatch for low temperature applications. In contrast, the recommended strategy is to design an electrolyte with an invariant composition, as exemplified by the eutectic water/LiNO3 that is able to electrochemically cycle down to -23 °C.
Asunto(s)
Electrólitos/química , Técnicas Electroquímicas , Sales (Química)/química , Soluciones/química , Temperatura , Compuestos de Trimetilsililo/química , Agua/químicaRESUMEN
A new rhodium-catalyzed asymmetric arylative cyclization of nitrogen-tethered alkyne-enoate with arylboronic acids is described. In this process two new carbon-carbon bonds and one stereocenter are formed, providing access to pyrrolidines and piperidines with good enantioselectivities by to the use of C1-symmetric chiral monosubstituted diene ligands.