[Classification by occupation of AIDS cases in Brazil - 1995]. / Classificação por ocupação dos casos de AIDS no Brasil - 1995.

Based on occupational classification of AIDS cases reported in Brazil in 1995 and recorded in the Data Base for Reported Diseases (SINAN), AIDS incidence rates were estimated per 100 thousand inhabitants by occupation, according to the 1991 National Census. Nationwide rates for employed males and females were 25.0 and 9.1, respectively. Among males, and within the major occupational groups, the following sub-groups had the highest rates: personal hygiene services (268.1), social scientists (176.1), writers and journalists (114.3), medical and dental assistants (113.4), chemists, pharmacists, and physicists (111.9), teachers (87.3), artists (74.7), port services (65.6), maritime and fluvial transportation (57.5), and sales personnel (55.4). The results indicated the disease's magnitude in different occupational categories and highlighted certain occupations in which special preventive measures are justified, along with more in-depth studies focusing on other socioeconomic variables and the sociocultural behavior of their members.

Rabies-vaccination coverage and profiles of the owned-dog population in Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia.

The Bolivian government issued a regulation for rabies control in November 2005, owing to increasing the prevalence of dog and human rabies cases in recent years. An assessment of rabies-vaccination coverage and other factors that might influence the success of the on-going vaccination campaign was needed. The objective of this study was to investigate dog rabies vaccination coverage and risk factors associated with dogs being unvaccinated against rabies, and profiles of the owned-dog population in Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia, where dog rabies was endemic. Mainly due to logistical reasons, the WHO's expanded programme on immunization cluster-survey method was used. The 390 households were included in the study. Information about dog population and management characteristics was obtained for 542 dogs from 301 households. On average, households had 1.4 dogs and 1.8 dogs per dog-owning household (median = 1). The human-to-dog ratio was 4.6 : 1. During the last 1 year prior to the study, of the 539 dogs aged >or=1 month, 463 (85%; 95% CI 79-91; design effect 3.6) were classified as vaccinated. Amongst the study dogs, dogs aged 1-11 months were the higher risk of dogs not being vaccinated (OR = 8.2; 95% CI 4.3-15.6; P < 0.01). Almost two-thirds of the study dogs were allowed to roam freely throughout the day or in part. Community education efforts should address the importance of dog ownership and movement restriction, and the need to vaccinate young dogs.

[An index of divergency: a proposition and an application to Brazilian data]. / Um indice de divergencia: proposicao e uma aplicacao a dados brasileiros

PIP: This is a discussion of the problems encountered in data analysis concerning the relationship between two variables that are dimensionally different. It includes a proposition for the measurement of the degree of homogeneity between two variables and tables showing the different categories of population processes in Brazil according to the degree of divergency between the relative value and the ideal value of the variable for 1960, 1970, and 1980.^ieng

[A model for estimating underregistration of births]. / Um modelo para estimar o sub-registro de nascimentos.

PIP: Development of a model to measure the level of birth registration in several Brazilian regions is presented. The results concern the levels of birth underregistration and the subsequent awareness of the probable number of births which have actually occurred. (author's modified)^ieng

[Fertility levels, trends, and differentials in Brazil since the 1930s]. / Neveis, tendencias e diferenciais de fecundidade no Brasil a partir da decada de 30.

PIP: The total fertility rate (TFR) estimated for the period of 1930-35 was 6.22 children per mother, which declined to 5.80 during 1940-45, increased slightly to 5.86 during 1950-55, and to 6.0 during 1960-65, to drop to 4.97 during 1970-75. The decline was 17.2% between 1963 and 1973, 14.3% between 1943-1973, and 20.1% between 1933 and 1973 (or an average decline by 1.26 children per woman in 40 years). The evolution of the national and regional levels of fertility was estimated by a unique methodology that utilized the average births per woman with data extracted from censuses and research samples. In particular, the technique of Brass was used with correction for P2/F2 as valid data 5 years prior to taking the information. In this manner the TFR was estimated at 3.5142 based on the 1984 national household survey and specific rates for age groups encompassed the period of 1979-84. In this case it was estimated that 3,311,000 births must have occurred on the average annually during this period. It was only in 1980 that the Civil Register recorded 3,860,000 births. During this same period the hypothesis of constancy, utilizing current fertility rates corrected for P2/F2, yielded 2,745,000 births in the course of 5 years. In recent times fertility in Brazil has been on a declining trend, starting in the 1960s. The intensity of this decline varied according to the sources of information: the Civil Register and the national survey of households. Prior to the 1960s the less developed regions of the north experienced pronounced increases, while the southeastern and southern regions showed declines. From the mid-1960s all regions experienced a forceful decline in fertiltiy levels. The results indicate the convincing nature of the proposed model for estimating the levels and patterns of fertility, and it is particularly useful for other levels of disaggregation.^ieng

[A brief analysis of mortality data from the 1980 population census]. / Breve analise sobre os obitos informados pelo censo demografico de 1980.

PIP: The quality of mortality data from the 1980 census of Brazil is compared with that of vital statistics data. The results suggest that census figures are lower as a result of under-enumeration and that the vital statistics data present a more accurate picture of the age structure of deaths. (summary in ENG)^ieng

Brazil: model life tables and stable population.

"In the 1974 Meeting of the Brazilian Association for Population Studies, Frias and Leite presented a set of model life tables that were meant to reflect the sex-age structure of Brazilian mortality. A later examination of this study revealed the need for revision and further development in order to improve this valid piece of work." The present article reviews and complements the earlier study.

[A measure of the completeness of birth registrations for the period 1974-1977]. / Uma estimativa da cobertura do registro de nascimentos para o periodo 1974-77.

PIP: An attempt is made to develop a method to yield estimates of the level of enumeration of birth registrations in Brazil through household surveys and vital registration data. It presents rates of enumeration of birth registration for the Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicilios regions from 1974 to 1977. (author's modified)^ieng