RESUMEN
Trypanosoma (Megatrypanum) theileri from cattle and trypanosomes of other artiodactyls form a clade of closely related species in analyses using ribosomal sequences. Analysis of polymorphic sequences of a larger number of trypanosomes from broader geographical origins is required to evaluate the clustering of isolates as suggested by previous studies. Here, we determined the sequences of the spliced leader (SL) genes of 21 isolates from cattle and 2 from water buffalo from distant regions of Brazil. Analysis of SL gene repeats revealed that the 5S rRNA gene is inserted within the intergenic region. Phylogeographical patterns inferred using SL sequences showed at least 5 major genotypes of T. theileri distributed in 2 strongly divergent lineages. Lineage TthI comprises genotypes IA and IB from buffalo and cattle, respectively, from the Southeast and Central regions, whereas genotype IC is restricted to cattle from the Southern region. Lineage TthII includes cattle genotypes IIA, which is restricted to the North and Northeast, and IIB, found in the Centre, West, North and Northeast. PCR-RFLP of SL genes revealed valuable markers for genotyping T. theileri. The results of this study emphasize the genetic complexity and corroborate the geographical structuring of T. theileri genotypes found in cattle.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Bovinos/epidemiología , Bovinos/parasitología , Filogenia , ARN Lider Empalmado/genética , Trypanosoma/clasificación , Trypanosoma/genética , Tripanosomiasis , Animales , Secuencia de Bases , Brasil/epidemiología , Búfalos/parasitología , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/parasitología , ADN Protozoario/análisis , ADN Protozoario/genética , ADN Ribosómico/análisis , ADN Ribosómico/genética , ADN Espaciador Ribosómico/análisis , ADN Espaciador Ribosómico/genética , Evolución Molecular , Genotipo , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , Polimorfismo de Longitud del Fragmento de Restricción , ARN Ribosómico/genética , ARN Ribosómico 5S/genética , Análisis de Secuencia de ADN , Trypanosoma/aislamiento & purificación , Tripanosomiasis/epidemiología , Tripanosomiasis/parasitología , Tripanosomiasis/veterinariaRESUMEN
The tick Amblyomma dissimile Koch feeds preferentially on reptiles (Squamata), although amphibians (Anura) also seem to be important hosts. We report an A. dissimile nymph infesting a blue-winged macaw, Primolius maracana, held in captivity in the Mangal das Garças Park, State of Pará, Brazil. Environmental observations suggest that free-living iguanas (Iguana iguana), which used to walk on the bird enclosure in the park, were the source of the A. dissimile tick that infested the blue-winged macaw. We provide the second world record of a bird host for A. dissimile, and the first bird record for this species in South America.
Asunto(s)
Ixodidae , Loros/parasitología , Animales , BrasilRESUMEN
The tick Amblyomma dissimile Koch feeds preferentially on reptiles (Squamata), although amphibians (Anura) also seem to be important hosts. We report an A. dissimile nymph infesting a blue-winged macaw, Primolius maracana, held in captivity in the Mangal das Garças Park, State of Pará, Brazil. Environmental observations suggest that free-living iguanas (Iguana iguana), which used to walk on the bird enclosure in the park, were the source of the A. dissimile tick that infested the blue-winged macaw. We provide the second world record of a bird host for A. dissimile, and the first bird record for this species in South America.