Mandible bone metastases secondary to pulmonary adenocarcinoma.

OBJECTIVE: Metastatic tumors of the mandible are rare and usually present clinically as growths. The prognosis of lung cancer patients with bone metastases is poor. CASE REPORT: This article shows a metastasis from adenocarcinoma of the lung affecting the mandible of a 75-year-old female patient where the metastatic lesion was detected before primary tumor. The patient were treated with radiation therapy with palliative and antalgic intent. But the patient died 8 weeks after the diagnosis. CONCLUSION: Radiation therapy was effective and well tolerated in the case. Bone metastases particularly mandible metastasis of lung cancer has poor prognosis. Palliative and supportive therapy may be firstly chose because of poor prognosis.

Shape memory polymers and their nanocomposites: a review of science and technology of new multifunctional materials.

This paper aims to present a review of recent progress made on shape memory polymers (SMPs) and their nanocomposites. Developments in allied fields are also presented in an effort to identify the current and future trends in this area. A new classification of SMP--rubberlike and mesomorphic systems--is suggested. The underlying physical mechanisms of shape memory actions, polymer-nanofiller interactions, and the resultant properties of SMP nanocomposites are discussed. Examples are presented to highlight the influence of processing conditions, filler geometry and filler surface characteristics, and the nature of matrix polymers on shape memory properties. A short description of current and potential applications is also presented.

Association of intra-tumoral tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio is an independent prognostic factor in non-small cell lung cancer.

BACKGROUND: Studies suggest that tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and inflammation markers have independent roles in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but the relationship between the two pronostic factors remains unclear. In this study, we investigated TILs and inflammation markers in with patients advanced stage NSCLC and assessed the association of their levels with prognosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: TILs were evaluated by immunohistochemical staining for cluster of differentiation 3 (CD3) and cluster of differentiation 5 (CD5) and by hematoxylin and eosin staining for non-specific lymphocyte. We investigated the localisation pattern of TILs in advanced stage NSCLC. We divided all cases into two groups: TILs-high and TILs-low groups, by 75th percentile of the population of. In our study, inflammation markers were assessed by C-reactive protein (CRP) and the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR). RESULTS: The results showed that the presence of intra-tumoral high CD3+ and low CD5+ were an independent prognostic factor for overall survival (respectively, P = 0.022 and P = 0.025). Moreover, the high NLR and serum high CRP levels were associated with poor survival (respectively, P = 0.008; P = 0.027). In multi-variate survival analysis, the high CD3+ , low CD5+ , high NLR, tumour node metastasis (TNM) stage, depth of tumour invasion and lymph node metastasis remained independent prognostic factors (respectively, P = 0.018, P = 0.020, P = 0.024, P = 0.038, P = 0.020 and P = 0.047).The high NLR was detected negative correlation with intra-tumoral CD3+ and positive correlation with intra-tumoral CD5+ (respectively, r = -0.623, P = 0.012; r = 0.628, P = 0.028). CONCLUSIONS: This study is first report demonstrating the prognostic value of intra-tumoral low CD5+ with NSCLC. Increased CD3+ and low CD5+ was observed in patients with poor prognosis; the two molecules were correlated with NLR, suggesting that inflammation might be used as improve therapeutic efficacy to immunotherapy for advanced NSCLC.

Pulmonary carcinosarcoma: a case report.

Pulmonary carcinosarcoma, belonging to sarcomatoid carcinomas, is a quite rare tumor that contains both malignant epithelial and mesenchymal elements. This tumor has different phenotypic characteristics and clinical course compared to non-small cell lung tumors. A case diagnosed as carcinosarcoma is presented and its clinical and pathological features and the differential diagnosis are discussed. The case was a 74-year-old male admitted with shortness of breath and cough. The chest x-ray showed a left lung mass and a bronchoscopic examination was performed. Histopathological examination of the bronchoscopic biopsy showed necrosis and a malignant tumor consisting of diffuse infiltrative anaplastic cells. Surgery was performed and the case was diagnosed as carcinosarcoma in the resection material. Pulmonary carcinosarcoma is a rare lung tumor. Determination of tumoral cells and performing advanced investigations in resection material seem to be relatively easier than in small biopsies. However, this type of tumor can be encountered in small biopsy materials as in the presented case and should be kept in mind in relation to the differential diagnosis as small tissues can have only one, particularly mesenchymal, tumoral component.