Effect of Imaging Selection Paradigms on Endovascular Thrombectomy Outcomes in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke.

BACKGROUND: The effect of imaging selection paradigms on endovascular thrombectomy outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke with large vessel occlusion remains uncertain. The study aimed to assess the effect of basic imaging (noncontrast computed tomography with or without computed tomographic angiography) versus advanced imaging (magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography perfusion) on clinical outcomes following thrombectomy in patients with stroke with large vessel occlusion in the early and extended windows using a pooled analysis of patient-level data from 2 pivotal randomized clinical trials done in China. METHODS: This post hoc analysis used data from 1182 patients included in 2 multicenter, randomized controlled trials in China that evaluated adjunct therapies to endovascular treatment for acute ischemic stroke (Direct Endovascular Treatment for Large Artery Anterior Circulation Stroke performed from May 20, 2018, through May 2, 2020, and Intravenous Tirofiban Before Endovascular Treatment in Stroke from October 10, 2018, through October 31, 2021). Patients with occlusion of the intracranial internal carotid artery or proximal middle cerebral artery (M1/M2 segments) were categorized according to baseline imaging modality (basic versus advanced) as well as treatment time window (early, 0-6 hours versus extended, 6-24 hours from last known well to puncture). The primary outcome was the proportion of patients with functional independence (modified Rankin Scale score of 0-2) at 90 days. Multivariable Poisson regression analysis was performed to determine the association between imaging selection modality and outcomes after endovascular treatment at each time windows. RESULTS: A total of 1182 patients were included in this cohort analysis, with 648 in the early (471 with basic imaging versus 177 advanced imaging) and 534 in the extended (222 basic imaging versus 312 advanced imaging) time window. There were no differences in 90-day functional independence between the advanced and basic imaging groups in either time windows (early window: adjusted relative risk, 0.99 [95% CI, 0.84-1.16]; P=0.91; extended window: adjusted relative risk, 1.00 [95% CI, 0.84-1.20]; P=0.97). CONCLUSIONS: In this post hoc analysis of 2 randomized clinical trial pooled data involving patients with large vessel occlusion stroke, an association between imaging selection modality and clinical or safety outcomes for patients undergoing thrombectomy in either the early or extended windows was not detected. Our study adds to the growing body of literature on simpler imaging paradigms to assess thrombectomy eligibility across both the early and extended time windows. REGISTRATION: URL: http://www.chictr.org.cn; Unique identifiers: ChiCTR-IOR-17013568 and ChiCTR-INR-17014167.

Phytoremediation of Cd and Pb interactive polluted soils by switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.).

Using phytoremediation as an efficient technique to remove heavy metals from contaminated soils is a current research hotspot. This study used an orthogonal matrix experimental design with three factors (Cd, Pb, and pH) and five levels (Cd at 9.45, 30, 60, 90, and 110.46 µg/g; Pb at 195.4, 400, 700, 1000, and 1204.6 µg/g; and pH at 3, 4.1, 5.8, 7.5, and 8.6) to investigate the phytoremediation potential of Panicum virgatum L. for soils polluted with cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb). The results indicated that there was a significant decrease in belowground biomass in plants exposed to the stresses compared to the control. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, peroxidase (POD) activity, and malondialdehyde (MDA) content were affected. Interaction of Cd with Pb in the soil had an antagonistic effect on the Cd bioaccumulation factor, whereas the interaction of pH with Cd or Pb had synergistic effects on the Cd bioaccumulation factor. When exposed to the three stressors, switchgrass plants could grow in soil that had a Cd concentration of a 46.68 µg/g, Pb concentration of 568.75 µg/g and pH of 5.34, which is a mildly acidic condition. Switchgrass, used as a phytoremediation plant, was more efficient in Cd-contaminated than in Pb-contaminated soil.

Combinative effects of Azospirillum brasilense inoculation and chemical priming on germination behavior and seedling growth in aged grass seeds.

Germination of seeds during the transportation or after prolonged storage naturally and inevitably decreases because of ageing, but germination potential can be partially restored with seed priming treatments. A novel attempt was made to investigate the effects of combined treatments and to optimize the conditions for naturally aged seeds of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.), orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) and Russian wild rye (Psathyrostachys juncea (Fisch.) Nevski) using an orthogonal activity level experimental design [factor A: Azospirillum brasilense concentration, factor B: three seed priming treatments (H2O, MgSO4 and H2O2) and factor C: different priming times]. Multivariate regression model analysis was applied to determine the interactive effects of pairwise factors (A and C) and to optimize experimental conditions. The results showed that the mixed treatments positively affected seed germination and seedling growth. The three seed priming treatments were the dominant factors for germination promotion, whereas the bacterial concentration had the largest effect on seedling growth and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), especially root elongation. The malondialdehyde content was reduced, the activities of SOD, peroxidase and catalase were triggered, and ascorbate peroxidase activity was also affected by the co-treatment. The combined results of all determined attributes showed that A. brasilense bio-priming with H2O2 priming constituted the optimal combination. The optimal bacterial concentration of A. brasilense and the time of seed priming were 52.3 × 106 colony forming units (CFU) mL-1 and 17.0 h, respectively.

[Clinical observation on two-way quintuple puncture in the treatment of ganglion].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the better therapy in the treatment of ganglion. METHODS: Ninety cases of ganglion were randomized into a two-way quintuple puncture group, a common quintuple puncture group and a fire needling group, 30 cases in each one. In the two-way quintuple puncture group, the "9-in-1" multiple penetrating needling technique was used. In the common quintuple puncture group, the traditional "5-in-1" multiple penetrating needling technique was applied. In the fire needling group, the traditional multiple fire needling technique was adopted. The treatment was given once a day, 3 treatments made one session and the efficacy was analyzed statistically after 1 session treatment in the three groups. RESULTS: All of the three therapeutic methods achieved the efficacy on ganglion. The curative rate was 96. 7% (29/30) in the two-way quintuple puncture group, which was better obviously than 66.7% (20/30) in the common quintuple puncture group and 60. 0% (18/30) in the fire needling group (both P<0. 01). CONCLUSION: The two-way quintuple puncture technique achieves the remarkably superior efficacy on ganglion as compared with the common quintuple puncture technique and fire needling technique.