RESUMEN
A procedure for the synthesis of 6,19-cyclopregnanes is described involving an intramolecular alkylation reaction of Delta(4)-3-keto steroids with a 19-mesylate in the presence of KOH in isopropanol. Three 6,19-cyclopregnanes were prepared (4, 5 ,9); in the rat, 6,19-cycloprogesterone (4) and its 21-hydroxy derivative 5 displaced [3H]-dexamethasone from glucocorticoid receptors, the former compound being more active. Both compounds did not compete with [3H]-aldosterone for kidney mineralocorticoid receptors nor with [3H]-R5020 for uterus progesterone receptors.
Asunto(s)
Hormonas/química , Pregnanos/síntesis química , Esteroides/química , Animales , Ciclización , Hormonas/síntesis química , Cetosas/química , Hígado/efectos de los fármacos , Hígado/metabolismo , Masculino , Modelos Moleculares , Estructura Molecular , Pregnanos/química , Pregnanos/farmacología , Ratas , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Receptores de Glucocorticoides/metabolismo , Esteroides/síntesis química , Esteroides/farmacologíaRESUMEN
Twelve new withanolides were isolated from the aerial part of Jaborosa rotacea: five had a spiranoid delta-lactone (1-5); one contained a 26,12-delta-lactone and a C-12-C-23 bond (6); five corresponded to trechonolide-type withanolides with configuration at C-23 opposite of those previously isolated (7, 8, 10-12); two of these have an additional oxido-bridge between C-21 and C-24; finally a withanolide with a hemiketal ring formed between a 21-hydroxyl and a 12-ketone (13) and the closely related jaborosalactone R were also isolated. New compounds were fully characterized by a combination of spectroscopic methods (1D and 2D NMR and MS). The structures of the spiranoid withanolide and of the epimer of trechonolide A were confirmed by X-ray diffraction studies. Compounds 4, 5, 6, and 8 showed selective phytotoxicity toward monocotyledoneous and dicotyledoneous species.