Experimental Quantum Non-Gaussian Coincidences of Entangled Photons.

Quantum non-Gaussianity, a more potent and highly useful form of nonclassicality, excludes all convex mixtures of Gaussian states and Gaussian parametric processes generating them. Here, for the first time, we conclusively test quantum non-Gaussian coincidences of entangled photon pairs with the Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt-Bell factor S=2.328±0.004 from a single quantum dot with a depth up to 0.94±0.02 dB. Such deterministically generated photon pairs fundamentally overcome parametric processes by reducing crucial multiphoton errors. For the quantum non-Gaussian depth of the unheralded (heralded) single-photon state, we achieve the value of 8.08±0.05 dB (19.06±0.29 dB). Our Letter experimentally certifies the exclusive quantum non-Gaussianity properties highly relevant for optical sensing, communication, and computation.

Comprehensive measurement of the near-infrared refractive index of GaAs at cryogenic temperatures.

The refractive index is a critical parameter in optical and photonic device design. However, due to the lack of available data, precise designs of devices working in low temperatures are still frequently limited. In this work, we have built a homemade spectroscopic ellipsometer (SE) and measured the refractive index of GaAs at a matrix of temperatures (4 K < T < 295 K) and photon wavelengths (700 nm < λ < 1000 nm) with a system error of ∼0.04. We verified the credibility of the SE results by comparing them with afore-reported data at room temperature and with higher precision values measured by vertical GaAs cavity at cryogenic temperatures. This work makes up for the lack of the near-infrared refractive index of GaAs at cryogenic temperatures and provides accurate reference data for semiconductor device design and fabrication.

Eliminating temporal correlation in quantum-dot entangled photon source by quantum interference.

Semiconductor quantum dots, as promising solid-state platform, have exhibited deterministic photon pair generation with high polarization entanglement fidelity for quantum information applications. However, due to temporal correlation from inherently cascaded emission, photon indistinguishability is limited, which restricts their potential scalability to multi-photon experiments. Here, by utilizing quantum interferences to decouple polarization entanglement from temporal correlation, we improve four-photon Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) state entanglement fidelity from (58.7±2.2)% to (75.5±2.0)%. Our work paves the way to realize scalable and high-quality multi-photon states from quantum dots.