Criteria to Assess Independence in Continuing Medical Education (CME): Independence through Competence and Transparency.

Marburger Bund is the largest doctors' union in Europe representing about 125,000 salaried doctors in Germany and fights for fair working conditions, appropriate salaries, quality in training, and improvements in the work-life balance. Following a decision of 127th Marburger Bund General Assembly 2015, criteria should be developed to be applied by participants to assess independence in planning and delivery of individual CME activities. This position paper describes the role of methodological and medical competencegeneration and use of data (evidence)independent sources of informationindependence of faculty in CMElanguage in medical educationconduct of independent CME, andindependence of (passive) physician participants in CME Measures are defined by which independence in CME may be achieved and how this may change the process of CME delivery.

Roles and Responsibilities in the Provision of Accredited Continuing Medical Education/Continuing Professional Development.

The Cologne Consensus Conference 2015 has focused on "Providers in accredited CME[continuing medical education]/CPD [continuing professional development]". As an outcome of the CCC 2015, the authors of this paper, who were part of the faculty, propose a contemporary definition of the roles and responsibilities of stakeholders involved in the different stages of planning, delivery and evaluation of CME/CPD.