Vocal Health Knowledge Status and Attitudes of Professional and Amateur Performing Artists in Greece.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the vocal health literacy level and attitudes of professional and amateur performing artists in Greece and identify possible gaps and limitations that should be addressed in the future. METHODS: This mixed-methods study took place in two successive stages. The first stage involved 4 focus groups with professional and amateur actors and singers. The focused discussions of this stage, which were moderated by one otolaryngologist and one speech and language therapist, provided necessary information for the design of the structured questionnaire used during the second stage of the study (online survey). The online questionnaire included questions about responders' knowledge and attitudes of vocal health. Although not compulsory, the Greek version of the Singing Voice Handicap Index (SVHI) was also part of the online survey. RESULTS: The online questionnaire was validly answered by 305 respondents during a 10-month period (May 2020 to March 2021). Considerable knowledge gaps were observed regarding anatomy, physiology, and vocal disorders management. The vast majority of participants (94.1%) had at some point experienced problems with their voice. Gastroesophageal reflux (21.6%), vocal nodules (12.5%), and vocal polyps (3.9%) were the most frequently mentioned diagnoses in our sample. A small proportion of participants (9.5%) stated that they have never visited an ENT, while 84.3% have never seen a speech and language therapist. The total scores on the SVHI in our sample were compatible to the ones in previous studies targeting healthy professional and amateur artists (range 0-116, mean 32, SD 24.7). CONCLUSIONS: This study provides insights into Greek performing artists' knowledge and attitudes regarding vocal health and may pave the way towards improving vocal health awareness among performing artists.

Chronic fatigue syndrome or affective disorder? Implications of the diagnosis on management.

This paper reports a case of a 13 1/2 year old boy with a bipolar affective disorder, who was assumed to be suffering from a post-viral fatigue syndrome. The diagnostic problems in differenting the postviral fatigue syndrome from affective disorders in children/adolescents are discussed. The consequences of misdiagnosis in young people, bearing in mind the developmental tasks that they face, are considered.