RESUMEN
In cave environments, stable conditions devoid of light-dark cycles and temperature fluctuations sustain circadian clock mechanisms across various species. However, species adapted to these conditions may exhibit disruption of circadian rhythm in locomotor activity. This study examines potential rhythm loss due to convergent evolution in five semi-aquatic troglobitic isopod species (Crustacea: Styloniscidae), focusing on its impact on locomotor activity. The hypothesis posits that these species display aperiodic locomotor activity patterns. Isopods were subjected to three treatments: constant red light (DD), constant light (LL), and light-dark cycles (LD 12:12), totaling 1656 h. Circadian rhythm analysis employed the Sokolove and Bushell periodogram chi-square test, Hurst coefficient calculation, intermediate stability (IS), and activity differences for each species. Predominantly, all species exhibited an infradian rhythm under DD and LL. There was synchronization of the locomotor rhythm in LD, likely as a result of masking. Three species displayed diurnal activity, while two exhibited nocturnal activity. The Hurst coefficient indicated rhythmic persistence, with LD showing higher variability. LD conditions demonstrated higher IS values, suggesting synchronized rhythms across species. Significant individual variations were observed within species across the three conditions. Contrary to the hypothesis, all species exhibited synchronization under light-dark conditions. Analyzing circadian activity provides insights into organism adaptation to non-cyclical environments, emphasizing the importance of exploring underlying mechanisms.
RESUMEN
Resumo Foram avaliados os efeitos do exercício físico na capacidade de atenção, na memória, no desejo de usar drogas, na percepção de esforço e prazer e no estado de humor de 16 indivíduos em tratamento para dependência de drogas. Foram usados a escala de Brunel, o teste de cancelamento de números, o teste dos blocos de Corsi, a escala de Borg e escala de valência afetiva ao esforço físico nas situações controle, pré e pós-realização de uma sessão de exercícios físicos (60 min). Foi observada redução no desejo de usar drogas e no tempo de execução do teste de cancelamento de números, e aumento no número de blocos recordados. Os resultados apontam a importância do profissional da educação física nas equipes para tratamento da dependência química.
Abstract We evaluated the effects of exercise on alertness and memory, the desire to use drugs, the perception of effort and pleasure and mood state, of 16 individuals in treatment for drug addiction. We used tests and scales to assess mood, attention, memory, perceived effort and affect related to exercise, in the situations: Control, Pre and Post completion of an exercise session (60 min). We observed a significant reduction in the desire to use drugs and in the execution time of the test cancellation numbers, and an increase of the number of blocks recalled. The results support the importance of the Professional of Physical Education for treatment of chemical dependency.
Resumen Se evaluaron los efectos del ejercicio físico en el estado de alerta, memoria, el deseo de consumir drogas, la percepción del esfuerzo y placer, y en el estado de ánimo de 16 personas en tratamiento por adicción a las drogas. Se utilizaron pruebas y escalas para evaluar el estado de ánimo, la atención, la memoria visuoespacial, el esfuerzo y el afecto percibido en relación con el ejercicio físico en situaciones de: control, previamente y posteriormente a la finalización de una sesión de ejercicio (60 min). Se observó una reducción del deseo de consumir drogas y del tiempo de ejecución del test de cancelación de números y un aumento del número de bloques recordados. Los resultados indican la importancia de los profesionales de la educación física en el tratamiento de la dependencia química.