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BACKGROUND: Long noncoding RNAs (LncRNAs) plays a vital role in tumorigenesis and development. The molecular mechanism of SNHG1 in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has not been illustrated. The aim of this research was to explore the expression and function of LncRNA SNHG1 in RCC. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The expression of SNHG1 in clinical tissues and RCC cell lines was detected. Luciferase reporter assay was performed to verify the correlation between SNHG1, miR-103a, and HMGA2. CCK-8 assay was performed to examine cell viability. Cell apoptosis was analyzed using flow cytometry. Cell invasion capacity was determined by Transwell assays. The protein level of HMGA2 was analyzed by Western blotting. RESULTS: The expression of SNHG1 markedly increased in RCC tissues and cell lines. Subsequent studies identified SNHG1 as a miRNA sponge for miR-103a. In addition, SNHG1 knockdown and miR-103a overexpression significantly inhibited progression of RCC. miR-103a also regulated HMGA2 levels. CONCLUSION: Our findings showed that SNHG1 was upregulated in RCC cells and tissues. SNHG1 promoted the malignant characteristics of RCC cells. Its regulatory effect may be regulation of HMGA2 by sponging miR-103a. Therefore, Our study facilitates the understanding of SNHG1 function in RCC.
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Carcinoma de Células Renales , Proteína HMGA2 , Neoplasias Renales , MicroARNs , ARN Largo no Codificante , Apoptosis/genética , Carcinoma de Células Renales/genética , Carcinoma de Células Renales/metabolismo , Carcinoma de Células Renales/patología , Línea Celular Tumoral , Movimiento Celular/genética , Proliferación Celular/genética , Proteína HMGA2/genética , Proteína HMGA2/metabolismo , Humanos , Neoplasias Renales/genética , Neoplasias Renales/metabolismo , Neoplasias Renales/patología , MicroARNs/genética , MicroARNs/metabolismo , ARN Largo no Codificante/genética , ARN Largo no Codificante/metabolismoRESUMEN
Bladder cancer (BC) is a prevalent type of cancer that occurs in human urinary system threatening the human health. microRNA-4500 (miRNA-4500) is a novel miRNA that serves as a potential biomarker in several types of cancers. However, the in-depth molecular mechanism of miR-4500 in BC has not yet been fully elucidated. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reactionq and Western blot analysis were applied to analyze the expressions of miR-4500, STAT3, and C-C chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7). Gain-of-function assays involving Cell Counting Kit-8, 5'-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine incorporation assay, and Transwell were employed to evaluate miR-4500 function in cell proliferation and migration. Moreover, chromatin immunoprecipitation, RNA immunoprecipitation, and luciferase reporter assay were performed to explore the molecular mechanism underlying function of miR-4500. We found the downregulation of miR-4500 in BC cells, and ectopic expression of miR-4500 hampered cell proliferation, migration, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Importantly, miR-4500 directly targeted STAT3 3'-untranslated region, leading to repression on STAT3 expression. Intriguingly, STAT3 transcriptionally regulated CCR7. Rescue experiments validated the presence of miR-4500/STAT3/CCR7 axis in control of BC growth and progression. Our data highlighted miR-4500 as a potent cancericidal gene in BC, and might provide a theoretical grounding for development of target-oriented therapies of patients afflicted with BC.
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USP46, a member of the ubiquitin-specific protease family, plays essential roles in cancer cell proliferation and metastasis and is used as a candidate target for cancer therapeutics. However, the effects of USP46 on renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and its underlying molecular mechanism remain unknown. In this study, the predictive and prognostic relevance of USP46 in RCC, patient-derived primary tissues, and normal liver tissues obtained from the TCGA dataset were analyzed for the USP46 mRNA levels or prognostic relevance. Gain-of-function or loss-of-function assays were used to evaluate the vital roles of USP46 in tumor cell proliferation and cell migration. As a result, the USP46 expression level in RCC is highly decreased compared to normal tissues, and the Kaplan-Meier curve showed that USP46 high expression patients had good prognoses. Functionally, the forced expression of USP46 significantly restrained tumor cell proliferation, colony formation, and cell migration. The shRNA mediated USP46 knockdown cells exhibited the opposite results. We further showed that ectopically expressed USP46 obviously inhibited the AKT signaling pathway in cancer cells, while USP46 depletion caused a dramatic increase in AKT activity reflected by phosphorylation in the serine and threonine residues of AKT or downstream p70S6K1. Importantly, MK2206, a specific AKT inhibitor, completely counteracted the effects on cell proliferation, cell migration, and AKT activity in the USP46 depletion cells. We thus revealed a novel mechanism of USP46 regulation in RCC, and our data indicate that USP46 is a tumor suppressor in RCC via AKT signaling pathway inactivation.
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Carcinogénesis/genética , Carcinoma de Células Renales/genética , Endopeptidasas/genética , Neoplasias Renales/genética , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-akt/genética , Carcinogénesis/metabolismo , Carcinoma de Células Renales/metabolismo , Carcinoma de Células Renales/patología , Línea Celular Tumoral , Movimiento Celular/genética , Proliferación Celular/genética , Endopeptidasas/metabolismo , Células HEK293 , Humanos , Estimación de Kaplan-Meier , Neoplasias Renales/metabolismo , Neoplasias Renales/patología , Pronóstico , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-akt/metabolismo , Interferencia de ARN , Transducción de Señal/genéticaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical effects of oral Testosterone Undecanoate Capsules (TUC) combined with Qilin Pills (QLP) on late-onset hypogonadism (LOH) in men. METHODS: Sixty-three LOH patients meeting the inclusion criteria were randomly divided into a control group (aged ï¼»48.4 ± 6.2ï¼½ yr, n = 32) and an experimental group (aged ï¼»47.2 ± 5.6ï¼½ yr, n = 31) to be treated with oral TUC (80 mg, qd) and TUC + QLP (6g, tid), respectively, both for 3 months. Comparisons were made between the two groups of patients in the IIEF-5 scores, total testosterone (TT) levels, and scores in the Aging Males' Symptoms (AMS) scale before and after treatment. RESULTS: After treatment, the patients of the experimental group, as compared with the controls, showed a significantly increased IIEF-5 score (21.7 ± 5.8 vs 15.9 ± 4.7, P <0.05) and TT level (ï¼»16.7 ± 2.2ï¼½ vs ï¼»13.1 ± 2.8ï¼½ nmol/L, P <0.05), but a decreased AMS score (20.7 ± 5.7 vs 31.3±6.5, P <0.05). CONCLUSIONS: TUC combined with Qilin Pills has a better effect and a lower rate of adverse reactions than TUC used alone in the treatment of late-onset hypogonadism in males.
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Andrógenos/administración & dosificación , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos/administración & dosificación , Hipogonadismo/tratamiento farmacológico , Testosterona/análogos & derivados , Andrógenos/efectos adversos , Cápsulas , Quimioterapia Combinada/efectos adversos , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos/efectos adversos , Humanos , Hipogonadismo/sangre , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Testosterona/administración & dosificación , Testosterona/efectos adversos , Testosterona/sangreRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Angiogenesis is a major promotor of tumor progression and metastasis. Nevertheless, it is undetermined how angiogenesis-related genes (ARGs) influence bladder cancer. METHODS: The profiles of bladder cancer gene expression were collected from the TCGA-BLCA cohort. The LASSO regression analysis was used to build an angiogenesis-related signature (ARG_score) with the prognostic ARGs. Verification analyses were conducted across the GSE48075 dataset to demonstrate the robustness of the signature. Differences between the two risk groups based on clinical outcomes, immune landscape, mutation status, chemotherapeutic effectiveness for anticancer drugs, and immunotherapy efficacy were analyzed. A nomogram was developed to improve the clinical efficacy of this predictive tool. The expression levels of model genes in normal bladder epithelial cell lines (SV-HUC-1) and bladder cancer cell lines (T24 and 5637) were detected by qRT-PCR assay. RESULTS: Four angiogenesis-associated gene signature was constructed based on the LASSO regression algorithm. The signature showed independent risk factors of overall survival for bladder cancer, validated using two external survival datasets. Additionally, we built a prognostic nomogram to improve the practicality of the ARG_score. High-risk individuals showed stronger immunocyte infiltration, immune-related functions, elevated expression of immune checkpoints, reduced TIDE score, and higher combined IPS-PD-1 and IPS-CTLA4 scores, suggesting a heightened responsiveness to immune checkpoint inhibitors. Furthermore, patients with low and high risk showed distinct responsiveness to anticancer drugs. The expression levels of 5 model genes (COL5A2, JAG1, MSX1, OLR1, and STC) were significantly increased in bladder cancer cell lines (T24 and 5637) compared with the normal bladder epithelial cell line SV-HUC-1. CONCLUSIONS: The model constructed based on ARGs may have wide application in predicting outcomes and therapeutic responses.
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Relevancia Clínica , Neoplasias de la Vejiga Urinaria , Humanos , Neoplasias de la Vejiga Urinaria/genética , Vejiga Urinaria , Algoritmos , Inhibidores de Puntos de Control Inmunológico , PronósticoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is one of the most prevalent malignant diseases in the urinary system with more than 140,000 related deaths annually. Ubiquitination-deubiquitination homeostasis is an important factor in ccRCC progression; ubiquitin-specific peptidase 53 (USP53) belongs to the family of deubiquitinating enzymes, but its functions are rarely reported. METHODS: Databases obtained from GEO and TCGA were analyzed to reveal the role of USP53 in ccRCC. CCK-8/BrdU and EDU assays were used to detect the proliferation of ccRCC after USP53 overexpression or knockdown. A tumor xenograft experiment was used to verify the effect of the proliferation of ccRCC after USP53 knockdown. Transwell assays were used to detect the metastasis of ccRCC after USP53 overexpression or knockdown. RNA sequencing and western blot analysis were employed to detect the change in genes after USP53 overexpression and knockdown. Then we tested the effect of USP53 on IκBα protein stability through western blot analysis. Detect the effect of USP53 on IκBα ubiquitination in vitro by immunoprecipitation method. RESULTS: USP53 expression was downregulated in ccRCC tissues and USP53 expression was significantly negatively correlated with the tumor progression and clinical prognosis. The ability of growth and metastasis of ccRCC was inhibited after USP53 overexpression. In addition, USP53 knockdown promoted ccRCC growth and metastasis. Moreover, USP53 knockdown promoted the ability of clone formation of ccRCC in vivo. NF-κB signaling pathway significantly enriched and downregulated in USP53 overexpressed cells, and genes in the NF-κB pathway (such as IL1B, CXCL1-3, RELA, RELB, etc.) were obviously downregulated in USP53 overexpressed cells. USP53 overexpression decreased the phosphorylation of IKKß and P65 in both Caki-1 and 786-O cells, and the expression of IκBα was increased. Phosphorylation of IKKß and P65 was increased in both Caki-1 and 786-O cells after USP53 knockdown. As the expression of USP53 increases, the protein expression of IκBα was also gradually increased and USP53 reduced the ubiquitination of IκBα. CONCLUSION: In summary, our data indicate that USP53 inhibits the inactivation of the NF-κB pathway by reducing the ubiquitination of IκBα to further inhibit ccRCC proliferation and metastasis. These findings may help understand the pathogenesis of ccRCC and introduce new potential therapeutic targets for kidney cancer patients.
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Carcinoma de Células Renales/metabolismo , Neoplasias Renales/metabolismo , Inhibidor NF-kappaB alfa/metabolismo , Proteínas de Neoplasias/metabolismo , Proteasas Ubiquitina-Específicas/metabolismo , Animales , Carcinoma de Células Renales/patología , Carcinoma de Células Renales/secundario , Línea Celular Tumoral , Proliferación Celular , Quimiocina CXCL1/genética , Quimiocina CXCL1/metabolismo , Bases de Datos Genéticas , Regulación hacia Abajo , Femenino , Silenciador del Gen , Humanos , Interleucina-1beta/genética , Interleucina-1beta/metabolismo , Neoplasias Renales/patología , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , Ratones Desnudos , Inhibidor NF-kappaB alfa/genética , Fosforilación , Factor de Transcripción ReIA/genética , Factor de Transcripción ReIA/metabolismo , Factor de Transcripción ReIB/genética , Proteasas Ubiquitina-Específicas/genética , UbiquitinaciónRESUMEN
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the most common urinary malignancies with a high rate of morbidity. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to be critical posttranscriptional regulators in tumorigenesis. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of miRNA (miR)539 on the proliferation and apoptosis of RCC. The expression of miR539 and high mobility group AThook 2(HMGA2) were examined in clinical RCC specimens. The 786O RCC cell line was also used and was transfected with miR539 mimics or inhibitors. The correlation between miR539 and HMGA2 was confirmed using a luciferase reporter assay. Cell viability and apoptosis were detected using MTT and flow cytometry assays. The protein levels of HMGA2, AKT, phosphorylated (p)AKT, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and pmTOR were analyzed using western blot analysis. The results revealed that miR539 was negatively correlated with the expression of HMGA2 in clinical RCC specimens. Further experiments identified HMGA2 as a direct target of miR539. The overexpression of miR539 downregulated the expression of HMGA2, reduced cell proliferation and promoted cell apoptosis, whereas the knockdown of miR539 led to the opposite results. miR539 also suppressed the phosphorylation of AKT and mTOR, without altering the levels of total AKT and mTOR. Taken together, the results of the present study indicated that miR539 negatively regulated the expression of HMGA2 in clinical specimens and in vitro. miR539 inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in RCC cells. This regulatory effect of miR539 may be associated with the AKT signaling pathway. Therefore, miR539 may be used as a biomarker for predicting the progression of RCC.
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Carcinoma de Células Renales/genética , Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica , Proteína HMGA2/genética , Neoplasias Renales/genética , MicroARNs/genética , Interferencia de ARN , Adulto , Anciano , Apoptosis/genética , Carcinoma de Células Renales/metabolismo , Carcinoma de Células Renales/patología , Línea Celular Tumoral , Movimiento Celular/genética , Proliferación Celular/genética , Femenino , Genes Reporteros , Humanos , Inmunohistoquímica , Neoplasias Renales/metabolismo , Neoplasias Renales/patología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Clasificación del Tumor , Metástasis de la Neoplasia , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-akt/metabolismo , Transducción de SeñalRESUMEN
In spite of the technological innovation in the biomedical science, cancer remains a critical disease. In this study, we designed a gallic acid/cadmium sulfide (GA/CdS) nanocomposite fabricated on the reduced graphene oxide (GA/CdS-rGO) nanosheets for the treatment system of human kidney cancer cells. The GA/CdS-rGO nanosheets have been prepared using gallic acid as a reducing agent. The characterization of nanocomposites was studied using UV-Vis spectroscope, FT-IR, XRD, SEM and TEM. The microscopic images showed the spherical shape and nano-scaled CdS nanoparticles on the sheet like rGO nanomaterials. These structural and morphology investigations show that excellent properties of as-prepared GA/CdS-rGO has ability to treat the human glomerular mesangial (IP15) cancer cells at 50µg/ml as an IC50 value, without affecting the epithelial proximal (HK-2) normal cells. In vitro cytotoxicity results showed that the variability of toxic effects after CdS exposure was strongly associated to the cellular Cd content. Release of Cd2+ from nanocomposites depended to solubility and particle degradation of CdS nanoparticles were considered to be the main cause of these cytotoxicity. The in vitro analysis results indicated that heterogeneity of Cd and gallic acid toxicity that was highly dependent on the physico-chemical properties of the nanocomposites. The cytotoxicity results suggested that the prepared nanomaterials were toxic and inhibitory efficiency to human kidney cancer cells.