RESUMEN
Amino acids are closely related to human health, and their rapid determination is important for the rapid diagnosis, timely treatment, and assessment of serious diseases. In this work, we propose a novel paper-based sample-processing device combined with isotope-dilution MS for the fast analysis of 11 amino acids from blood samples. By using an isoelectric focusing electrokinetic separation method, without the aid of carrier ampholytes and the addition of inhibitors, this approach uses only the characteristic of the isoelectric point of the target amino acids to achieve separation and purification from other coexisting components in the medium; it can meet the requirements for mass spectrometry detection. Driven by a DC voltage, a stable and sharp pH gradient (pH 3-10.5 over 5 mm) can be established in a glass-fiber paper-based fluidic channel with a MS-friendly electrolyte. Amphoteric species can be well separated from the complex blood matrix and concentrated into a narrow band in the channel within 2 min, which is 20 times faster than a commercial kit method. The method can be applied to both liquid and dry spot samples, and the cleaned sample band can be simply dissolved for direct IDMS detection in ESI MRM mode. This method is a promising strategy for the rapid MS-based detection of amino acids from serum without pre-separation via liquid chromatography.
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Aminoácidos , Mezclas Anfólitas , Humanos , Mezclas Anfólitas/química , Focalización Isoeléctrica/métodos , Espectrometría de Masas , Aminoácidos/análisis , Manejo de Especímenes , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión/métodosRESUMEN
Charged species from complex media could be separated and enriched taking advantage of ion concentration polarization (ICP) effect; thus, ICP can be used for sample purification and improvement of detection sensitivity. In this paper, a novel and reliable ICP interface was established on a paper-based analytical device (PAD) by using ion exchange membrane, and electrokinetic stacking of target analytes from salty media was successfully demonstrated. Steady ICP effect was well observed in aqueous solution with up to 400 mM NaCl as shown by a fluorescent probe, which makes it possible to directly process salty physiological samples such as blood and urine with this type of PAD. Application of this method was demonstrated by direct online stacking of total protein from urine samples and image-based colorimetric detection by a smartphone camera. The linear response was in the range of 50-350 mg/L (R2 = 0.99), with recovery rate in the range of 94.8-107.6% and relative standard deviation below 7.1%. The obtained results were consistent with that of the clinical method. As an off-line sample pretreatment method, the feasibility for rapid tandem mass spectrometry detection of amino acids from serum samples was also investigated, and promising results were obtained. This PAD method is of low cost, easy to operate, and reliable. As a disposable PAD, it is useful not only for sensitive point-of-care testing but also for direct purification and concentration of complex and highly conductive physiological samples for fast and accurate detection with advanced analytical instruments.
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Colorimetría , Espectrometría de Masas en Tándem , Humanos , Teléfono Inteligente , AguaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To compare thulium laser vaporization of the prostate (TLVP) and transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) in the treatment of benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) analyze the risk factors for postoperative urethral stricture. METHODS: From June 2015 to June 2016, 210 BPH patients in our hospital underwent TURP (n = 126) or TLVP (n = 84). We followed up the patients for 6 months, compared the effects of the two surgical strategies and analyzed the risk factors for postoperative urethral stricture by multivariate logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Compared with TURP, TLVP achieved significantly shorter time of operation (ï¼»78.6 ± 27.5ï¼½ vs ï¼»53.2 ± 21.6ï¼½ min, P <0.01), postoperative bladder irrigation (ï¼»31.5 ± 2.9ï¼½ vs ï¼»26.1 ± 3.7ï¼½ h, P <0.01), urethral catheterization (ï¼»5.3 ± 1.7ï¼½ vs ï¼»3.7 ± 1.5ï¼½ d, P <0.01) and postoperative hospitalization (ï¼»7.9 ± 2.1ï¼½ vs ï¼»5.5 ± 1.4ï¼½ d, P <0.01) as well as lower urinary leukocyte count at 6 months after surgery (ï¼»32.1 ± 12.6ï¼½ vs ï¼»24.9 ± 11.7ï¼½ /µl, P <0.01) and incidence rate of postoperative complications (11.9% ï¼»15/126ï¼½ vs 3.6% ï¼»3/84ï¼½, P <0.05), particularly that of urethral stricture (7.9% ï¼»10/126ï¼½ vs 1.2% ï¼»1/84ï¼½, P <0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that the preoperative urinary leukocyte count, postoperative urethral catheterization time, and surgical method were independent risk factors for postoperative urethral stricture. CONCLUSIONS: TLVP, in comparison with TURP, has the advantages of definite effect, fast recovery, high safety and low incidence of postoperative urethral stricture. The main risk factors for postoperative urethral stricture include preoperative urinary tract infection, postoperative urethral catheterization time and surgical method.
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Terapia por Láser/efectos adversos , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/etiología , Hiperplasia Prostática/cirugía , Tulio/uso terapéutico , Resección Transuretral de la Próstata/efectos adversos , Estrechez Uretral/etiología , Humanos , Terapia por Láser/métodos , Masculino , Tempo Operativo , Calidad de Vida , Análisis de Regresión , Factores de Riesgo , Resultado del Tratamiento , Cateterismo Urinario , Infecciones Urinarias/complicacionesRESUMEN
We conducted the present meta-analysis of relevant cohort studies to evaluate whether promoter methylation of the high in normal-1 (HIN-1) gene contributes to breast cancer. The MEDLINE (1966 ~ 2013), Cochrane Library (Issue 12, 2013), EMBASE (1980 ~ 2013), CINAHL (1982 ~ 2013), Web of Science (1945 ~ 2013), and Chinese Biomedical (CBM) (1982 ~ 2013) databases were searched without any language restrictions. Meta-analyses were conducted using Stata software (version 12.0; Stata Corporation, College Station, TX, USA). Crude odds ratios (ORs) with their 95 % confidence interval (CI) were calculated. Nine clinical cohort studies that enrolled a total of 693 breast cancer patients were included in the meta-analysis. The results of our meta-analysis demonstrated that HIN-1 methylation frequency in cancer tissue was significantly higher than that of normal and benign tissues (cancer tissue vs. normal tissue: OR = 52.60, 95 % CI = 33.77 ~ 81.92, P < 0.001; cancer tissue vs. benign tissue: OR = 2.38, 95 % CI = 1.53 ~ 3.70, P < 0.001; respectively). Ethnicity-stratified analysis indicated that HIN-1 promoter methylation was correlated with the pathogenesis of breast cancer among both Asians and Caucasians (all P < 0.05). Our findings provide empirical evidence that aberrant HIN-1 promoter methylation may contribute to the pathogenesis of breast cancer. Thus, aberrant HIN-1 promoter methylation could be an independent and important biomarker used in predicting the prognosis and progression of breast cancer.
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Neoplasias de la Mama/genética , Citocinas/genética , Metilación de ADN , Predisposición Genética a la Enfermedad , Regiones Promotoras Genéticas , Proteínas Supresoras de Tumor/genética , Neoplasias de la Mama/etiología , Femenino , HumanosRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Methods based on paper-based analytical devices (PAD) and smartphone photographic colorimetric detection have become representative instrument-independent point-of-care testing (POCT) platforms due to their low cost and simplicity. However, the detection of target components from whole blood sample still presents challenges in terms of field preparation of small amounts of blood sample and detection sensitivity. This paper presents a rapid online processing method for whole blood samples on PAD based on plasma separation membrane (PSM), and combined with electrokinetic stacking and selective chromatic reaction. Real-time smartphone-based colorimetric detection of free hemoglobin (FHb) and human serum albumin (HSA) was successfully demonstrated. RESULTS: With the proposed method, both detections for low and high concentration analytes could be implemented. The limits of detection of 16.6 mg L-1 for FHb and 0.67 g L-1 for HSA were obtained, respectively, with RSD below 8 %. The reliability of the method was verified by the recovery test and desktop spectrophotometric method. The detection results for real blood samples were in agreement with that by clinical methods. SIGNIFICANCE AND NOVELTY: The PAD method is inexpensive, simple and fast, and detection of a whole blood sample of 5 µL can be finished in 5 min. This work shows that POCT of biomarkers from whole blood with PAD is possible without using any desktop facilities.
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Colorimetría , Teléfono Inteligente , Humanos , Colorimetría/métodos , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Pruebas en el Punto de Atención , Albúmina Sérica HumanaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the results of detection on respiratory virus of influenza-like illness ( ILI ) in Beijing from June 2010 to February 2012 and understand the virus spectrum of adult influenza-like fever. METHODS: A total of 502 swabs were collected and 279 throat swabs tested for 12 respiratory viruses with multiplex reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). And 413 swabs were tested for pH1N1 by virus isolation influenza viruses. And the data were statistically analyzed. RESULTS: One or two viruses were detected in 26.9% (75/279) of the samples. Influenza A virus (FLU-A) accounted for 85.3% of positive samples and 22.9% (64/279) of ILI tested. The positive rate of other viruses was less than 3.0 %. The positive rates among the following subtypes were: 2.7% (11/413) for pH1N1, 2.4% (10/413) for H3 and 6.5% (27/413) for FLU-B. FLU-A was the predominant virus during the 2010-2011 influenza season and the positive rate peaked in January 2011 in Beijing and north China. FLU-B was the primary virus during the 2011-2012 influenza season and the positive rate peaked in January and February 2012. There was a significant reduction in the incidence of ILI in 2010 and 2011 when compared with 2009. During the 2009-2012 influenza seasons, the incidence peaked in December 2009, January 2011 and January and February 2012 in Beijing. CONCLUSIONS: Exposure to pH1N1 had no impact on typical influenza seasonal peaks. Influenza virus was the predominant virus of adult influenza-like fever cases after the pandemic period of influenza A (H1N1) 2009 and the positive rate peaked in January and February during the 2009-2012 influenza seasons.
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Fiebre/virología , Subtipo H1N1 del Virus de la Influenza A/aislamiento & purificación , Gripe Humana/epidemiología , Gripe Humana/virología , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , China/epidemiología , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
In the present paper, taking Tiegunyin tea as an example, surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectrum of tea was obtained, the effects of different active substrates were explored from the aspects of enhanced factor, background noise, repeatability, and signal to noise ratio (SNR), while the impact of adsorption time on the measurement was also discussed. The results show that it is feasible to obtain the SERS spectrum of tea, and Raman signal of SERS spectrum was greatly enhanced compared with that of regular Raman spectrum. The active substrate of silver colloid prepared by the reduction of silver nitrate and trisodium citrate has a better enhanced effect, while different adsorption times have no direct influences on the SERS measurement. The method based on SERS firstly proposed in this paper may provide an alternative method for the discriminant analysis and quality identification of tea.
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Espectrometría Raman , Té/química , Citratos/química , Oxidación-Reducción , Nitrato de Plata/química , Propiedades de SuperficieRESUMEN
A flow injection-hydride generation-atomic absorption spectrometric method for the determination of selenium in poultry eggs was developed. Various testing conditions and effect factors for the determination of selenium were studied. The authors also discussed the content of selenium in poultry eggs and the application of scientific feed method in improving selenium content in poultry eggs. The detection limit for selenium was 0.25 microg x L(-1) under optimum conditions. The linear range for selenium was 0.25-60 microg x L(-1). The relative standard deviation was less than 2.5% and the recovery was 95%-108%. This method overcame the problem of severe matrix interferences of graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry, in which matrix modifier must be added to eliminate matrix interference by raising ashing temperature. Additionally this method overcame the shortcoming of slow analysis procedure, complex operation and error caused by manual injection in traditional interval hydride generation-atomic absorption spectrometry. It is a simple, rapid, highly sensitive and automatic method and has been applied to the determination of selenium in poultry eggs with satisfactory results.
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Huevos/análisis , Selenio/análisis , Espectrofotometría Atómica , Animales , Grafito , Límite de Detección , Aves de Corral , TemperaturaRESUMEN
RATIONALE: Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) can be complicated with Crohn disease (CD). Irritable bowel disease (IBD) associated with MDS has already been reported in the past; however, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is rarely performed. Herein, we report a case of CD with MDS for HSCT. PATIENT CONCERNS: A 41-year-old man was hospitalized due to abdominal pain and intermittent fever for 40 days. Two years later, he was readmitted due to abdominal pain and diarrhea with fever for 10 days. DIAGNOSIS: Symptoms, laboratory examinations, and imaging findings of the patient were indicative of CD complicated with MDS. INTERVENTIONS: An allogeneic HSCT was performed. OUTCOMES: He died of severe lung infection 125 days post-transplantation. LESSONS: The number of cases of CD combined with MDS remains insufficient, and no consensus opinions are available to date. Hence, HSCT is a very potential treatment method. Additional experiences are needed to determine its effectiveness.
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Enfermedad de Crohn/terapia , Síndromes Mielodisplásicos/terapia , Dolor Abdominal , Adulto , Enfermedad de Crohn/complicaciones , Resultado Fatal , Fiebre/etiología , Trasplante de Células Madre Hematopoyéticas , Humanos , Masculino , Síndromes Mielodisplásicos/complicacionesRESUMEN
RATIONALE: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common cancer and third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Nasopharyngeal metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma is very rare. This is the first report of posttransplantation nasopharyngeal metastasis. PATIENT CONCERNS: A 45-year-old man with a history of hepatitis B related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in the right segment of the liver received an orthotopic liver transplant. Two year after the transplantation, he suffered from severe headache, and head contrast enhanced CT scans did not show clues for brain or skull metastasis. Then he developed hoarseness and dysphagia. DIAGNOSIS: The nasopharyngeal cancer was confirmed to be metastatic tumor from liver histologically according to biopsy. INTERVENTIONS: This patient underwent radiotherapy (RT) of the metastatic nasopharyngeal tumor, and there was significant symptomatic relief. OUTCOMES: The patient died 3âmonths after nasopharyngeal metastasis was diagnosed. LESSONS: Recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma with metastasis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma after liver transplantation is rare, but the prognosis is very poor. Close follow-up of patients should be paid attention to prevent the occurrence of such diseases.
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Carcinoma Hepatocelular/patología , Neoplasias Hepáticas/patología , Neoplasias Nasofaríngeas/secundario , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/complicaciones , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/cirugía , Hepatitis B/complicaciones , Humanos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/complicaciones , Neoplasias Hepáticas/cirugía , Trasplante de Hígado , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neoplasias Nasofaríngeas/radioterapiaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: Lactulose is effective in the treatment and prevention of overt hepatic encephalopathy (OHE), but there are limited data on its use on microbiota in relations to minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) recovery. The present study aimed to assess the efficacy of lactulose in recovery of MHE in aspects of cognitive function, quality of life, and impact on intestinal microbiota. METHODS: This multicenter, open-label randomized controlled trial was conducted in 11 teaching hospitals in China. Participants were randomly allocated on a 2:1 basis to receive lactulose (Gp-L) or no therapy as control (Gp-NL) for 60 days. The primary endpoint was the MHE reversal rate. Gut microbiota were compared between MHE patients and healthy volunteers, as well as lactulose-responders and non-responders. RESULTS: A total of 98 cirrhotic patients were included in the study, with 31 patients in the Gp-NL group and 67 patients in the Gp-L group. At day 60, the MHE reversal rate in Gp-L (64.18%) was significantly higher than that in Gp-NL (22.58%) (P = .0002) with a relative risk of 0.46 (95% confidence interval 0.32-0.67). Number needed to treat was 2.4. Further, there was significantly more improvement in physical functioning in Gp-L (4.62 ± 6.16) than in Gp-NL (1.50 ± 5.34) (P = .0212). Proteobacteria was significantly higher in MHE patients compared with healthy volunteers (12.27% vs 4.65%, P < .05). Significant differences were found between lactulose responders and non-responders in Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment with lactulose significantly improves MHE recovery rate, and gut microbiota change in MHE patients can modulate the effectiveness of this therapy. Chinese Clinical Trial Register (ChiCTR) (ID: ChiCTR-TRC-12002342).
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Cognición/efectos de los fármacos , Fármacos Gastrointestinales/uso terapéutico , Microbioma Gastrointestinal/efectos de los fármacos , Encefalopatía Hepática/tratamiento farmacológico , Lactulosa/uso terapéutico , Calidad de Vida , Adulto , Femenino , Encefalopatía Hepática/etiología , Encefalopatía Hepática/microbiología , Humanos , Cirrosis Hepática/complicaciones , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Factores de Tiempo , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
Somatic cells acquire stem cell-like properties during cancerous transformation; however, mechanisms through which committed cells develop stemness and malignancy remain largely unknown. Here we uncovered upregulated stem cell program in leukaemic lymphoblasts of patients with IKZF1 alterations by analysing the archived gene-expression profiling datasets. We then used a frequent IKZF1 deletion, IK6, as a model via transduction into human primitive haematopoietic cells, followed by xenotransplantation in mice. Immunophenotypically defined stem, pro-B, and immature/mature (IM/M)-B cells were collected from primary recipients for functional assay and transcriptome profiling. Successful reconstitution in secondary recipient mice revealed the stemness of IK6+ pro-B and IM/M-B cells. Upregulated stemness and malignancy programs in IK6+ cells confirmed IK6 effects. Interestingly, these programs corresponded to distinct canonical pathways. Remarkably, the pathway profile mapped in the modelled cells well mirrored that in patients' leukaemic cells; therefore, our study provides a seminal insight into the cancerous reprogramming of somatic cells.
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Factor de Transcripción Ikaros , Leucemia , Linfocitos/metabolismo , Proteínas de Neoplasias , Células Madre Neoplásicas/metabolismo , Animales , Humanos , Factor de Transcripción Ikaros/genética , Factor de Transcripción Ikaros/metabolismo , Leucemia/genética , Leucemia/metabolismo , Leucemia/patología , Linfocitos/patología , Ratones Endogámicos NOD , Ratones SCID , Proteínas de Neoplasias/genética , Proteínas de Neoplasias/metabolismo , Células Madre Neoplásicas/patologíaRESUMEN
Increasing studies have revealed that the interaction between malignant cells and the microenvironment (so called niche) in the bone marrow can influence the development and progression of the hematopoietic malignancies. Here, we reviewed the current findings in the field, focusing the niche alterations in promoting the emergency of malignancies, in interfering with the blood reconstitution of normal hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, and in protecting leukemic stem cells from therapy which causes disease relapse. We made efforts to discuss these aspects in view of a kind of disturbance of the microecosystem within BM and thus proposed some new concepts in therapeutics of blood malignancies.
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Médula Ósea , Neoplasias Hematológicas/patología , Neoplasias Hematológicas/terapia , Células Madre Hematopoyéticas , Microambiente Tumoral , HumanosRESUMEN
The fetal liver (FL) is a source of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) for transplantation. However, whether FL-HSPCs collected at distinct developmental stages reconstitute similarly or differently in the recipient bone marrow (BM) remains undetermined. We examined this problem in a congeneic mouse transplantation model. We first analyzed the lineage components of FL from 12.5 days post-fertilization (dpf) to 18.5 dpf. The myeloid and lymphoid cells were dynamic in absolute number and ratio. The largest difference was between 12.5 and 16.5 dpf. The FL-HSPCs (Lin-CD150+CD48-) at these two time points were then respectively transplanted into the recipients. The difference in lineage reconstitution was undetectable at week 4 or 6 post-transplantation and afterward, indicating that the BM environment assimilated the transplanted cells. Profiling lineage-regulation genes of input and output HSPCs showed that the expression levels were much different in the former and almost the same in the engrafted HSPCs. Therefore, the recipient BM microenvironment could determine the developmental lineage-trends of FL-HSPCs.
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Anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) is essential for cell cycle progression. Recently, its non-mitotic functions were also reported but less studied in several tissues including hematopoietic cells. Here, we developed an inducible Anapc2 (a core subunit of APC/C) knockout mice. The animals displayed a fatal bone marrow failure within 7 days after knockout induction. Their hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) demonstrated a sharp decline and could form little colony. Further, the results of BrdU label-retaining cell assay showed that the dormant HPSCs lost rapidly. Analysis of cell cycle regulators, Skp2, P27, Cdk2, and Cyclin E1, suggested that these quiescent stem cells underwent a shift from quiescence to mitosis followed by apoptosis. We next detected Anapc2-expression in the CD34+ HSPCs of patients with aplastic anemia. CD34+ cells were markedly decreased in the bone marrow and Anapc2-expression in the residual CD34+ cells was undetectable, suggesting that APC/C was deficient and might have a relationship with the pathogenesis of aplastic anemia.
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OBJECTIVE: To study the expression and significance of interleukin-8 (IL-8), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and trefoil family factor 1 (TFF1) in the remnant stomach mucosa. METHODS: Patients after gastrectomy were examined by upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Biopsy specimens were obtained from stoma and the greater curvature of the upper corpus to be assessed for Hp (by H.E. and Giemsa staining) and conduct real-time semi-quantitative PCR. mRNA was extracted from the biopsy specimens to determine the IL-8, COX-2 and TFF1 gene mRNA levels by real-time PCR method. RESULTS: In the stoma, COX-2 level in Hp-positive patients was significantly higher than that in Hp-negative patients, but the difference of IL-8 levels between them was not significant. In the corpus, IL-8 and COX-2 levels in Hp-positive patients were significantly higher than those in Hp-negative patients. In Hp-negative patients, IL-8 and COX-2 levels in the stoma were significantly higher in B II anastomosis than in B I anastomosis cases; COX-2 level in the stoma was significantly higher in B II anastomosis than in B I anastomosis cases, but the difference of IL-8 levels between them was not significant. TFF1 level in the remnant stomach mucosa showed no significant difference between Hp-positive and Hp-negative patients. CONCLUSION: Hp infection and bile reflux are important risk factors for the secondary stomach carcinogenesis. Expression of IL-8 and COX-2 in the remnant stomach mucosa is related to the risk of secondary stomach carcinogenesis. The relationship between the TFF1 expression and secondary stomach carcinogenesis in the remnant stomach mucosa is still unclear and should further be studied.
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Ciclooxigenasa 2/biosíntesis , Muñón Gástrico , Interleucina-8/biosíntesis , Neoplasias Gástricas/metabolismo , Proteínas Supresoras de Tumor/biosíntesis , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Ciclooxigenasa 2/genética , Femenino , Gastrectomía , Mucosa Gástrica/metabolismo , Infecciones por Helicobacter/metabolismo , Helicobacter pylori , Humanos , Interleucina-8/genética , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , ARN Mensajero/biosíntesis , ARN Mensajero/genética , Factores de Riesgo , Neoplasias Gástricas/microbiología , Neoplasias Gástricas/cirugía , Factor Trefoil-1 , Proteínas Supresoras de Tumor/genéticaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To assess the relationship between the insert-deletion polymorphism in the Human pepsinogen (PGC) gene and susceptibility to gastric cancer, together with its precursors, and to investigate the interaction between PGC polymorphism and H. pylori infection in the development of gastric cancer. METHODS: PGC gene polymorphism in 141 patients with gastric cancer and 564 matched non-cancer controls were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and the relation between the PGC polymorphism and gastric cancer was examined. Serum H. pylori-IgG was determined with ELISA method. The odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated using unconditional logistic regression model. The effect-modified model was used to evaluate the PGC-H. pylori interaction. RESULTS: No significant association between the frequency of homogenous allele 1 of PGC gene and the sex and age of the subjects was observed. The subjects with the homogenous allele 1 had an increased risk of developing atrophic gastritis (OR: 3.103, 95% CI: 1.440-6.686), and gastric cancer (OR: 2.962, 95% CI: 1.370-6.404), and Intestinal metaplasia (OR: 1.659, 95% CI: 0.998-2.757) comparing with those with the non-homogenous allele 1. For subjects carrying both homogenous allele 1 and H. pylori-IgG positive, there was an significant increased risk of developing atrophic gastritis and gastric cancer (likelihood test ratio test: P = 0.023, P = 0.005). CONCLUSION: PGC gene polymorphism may be associated with susceptibility to gastric cancer and atrophic gastritis. The PGC gene polymorphism and H. pylori infection seem to display an interaction in the development of gastric cancer.
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Pepsinógeno C/genética , Polimorfismo Genético , Lesiones Precancerosas/genética , Neoplasias Gástricas/genética , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Alelos , Anticuerpos Antibacterianos/sangre , Femenino , Mucosa Gástrica/microbiología , Mucosa Gástrica/patología , Frecuencia de los Genes , Predisposición Genética a la Enfermedad , Genotipo , Helicobacter pylori/inmunología , Humanos , Inmunoglobulina G/sangre , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Lesiones Precancerosas/microbiología , Neoplasias Gástricas/microbiologíaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To study the expressions and the significance of interleukin-8 (IL-8) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in the remnant stomach. METHODS: Fifty-eight patients with gastrectomy were examined by upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Two biopsy specimens were obtained from the stoma and the upper corpus gastric mucosa in the remnant stomach. mRNA was extracted from biopsy specimens to measure the IL-8 and COX-2 gene mRNA levels by real-time PCR method. RESULTS: IL-8 and COX-2 levels were higher in stoma than in corpus, IL-8 levels in BI anastomosis were significantly higher in stoma than in corpus (P< 0.05). In Hp-negative patients, IL-8 and COX-2 levels in stoma were significantly higher in BII anastomosis than in BI anastomosis (P < 0.05). In Hp-positive patients, IL-8 and COX-2 levels in stoma showed no significant differences between BII anastomosis and BI anastomosis. In corpus, IL-8 and COX-2 levels in Hp-positive patients were significantly higher than those in Hp-negative patients, (P < 0.05), including in BI anastomosis and in BII anastomosis. CONCLUSIONS: The risk of the secondary stomach carcinogenesis in stoma after distal gastrectomy is higher than that in corpus; The types of anastomosis may influence the risk for the secondary stomach carcinogenesis in the remnant stomach mucosa.
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Mucosa Gástrica/metabolismo , Muñón Gástrico/cirugía , Gastroenterostomía/métodos , Interleucina-8/biosíntesis , Prostaglandina-Endoperóxido Sintasas/biosíntesis , Neoplasias Gástricas/etiología , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Femenino , Mucosa Gástrica/microbiología , Gastroenterostomía/efectos adversos , Infecciones por Helicobacter , Helicobacter pylori , Humanos , Interleucina-8/genética , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Prostaglandina-Endoperóxido Sintasas/genética , ARN Mensajero/biosíntesisRESUMEN
We performed a meta-analysis to compare treatment with a combination of solifenacin plus tamsulosin oral controlled absorption system (TOCAS) with placebo or TOCAS monotherapy. The aim of the meta-analysis was to clarify the efficacy and safety of the combination treatments method for lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). We searched for trials of men with LUTS that were randomized to combination treatment compared with TOCAS monotherapy or placebo. We pooled data from three placebo-controlled trials meeting inclusion criteria. Primary outcomes of interest included changes in International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and urinary frequency. We also assessed postvoid residual, maximum urinary ï¬ow rate, incidence of urinary retention (UR), adverse events. Data were pooled using random or fixed effect models for continuous outcomes and the Mantel-Haenszel method to generate risk ratio. Reductions in IPSS storage subscore and total urgency and frequency score (TUFS) were observed with solifenacin 6 mg plus TOCAS compared with placebo (P< 0.0001 and P< 0.0001, respectively). Reductions in IPSS storage subscore and TUFS were observed with solifenacin 9 mg plus TOCAS compared with placebo (P = 0.003 and P= 0.0006, respectively). Reductions in TUFS was observed with solifenacin 6 mg plus TOCAS compared with TOCAS (P = 0.01). Both combination treatments were well tolerated, with low incidence of UR. Solifenacin 6 mg plus TOCAS significantly improved total IPSS, storage and voiding symptoms compared with placebo. Solifenacin 6 mg plus TOCAS also improved storage symptoms compared with TOCAS alone. There was no additional benefit of solifenacin 9 mg compared with 6 mg when used in combination with TOCAS.
Asunto(s)
Síntomas del Sistema Urinario Inferior/tratamiento farmacológico , Succinato de Solifenacina/efectos adversos , Succinato de Solifenacina/uso terapéutico , Sulfonamidas/efectos adversos , Sulfonamidas/uso terapéutico , Administración Oral , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Quimioterapia Combinada , Humanos , Incidencia , Síntomas del Sistema Urinario Inferior/fisiopatología , Masculino , Succinato de Solifenacina/administración & dosificación , Sulfonamidas/administración & dosificación , Tamsulosina , Resultado del Tratamiento , Retención Urinaria/epidemiología , Retención Urinaria/fisiopatología , Micción/fisiología , Agentes Urológicos/administración & dosificación , Agentes Urológicos/efectos adversos , Agentes Urológicos/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
AIM: To identify a molecular marker for gastric cancer, and to investigate the relationship between the polymorphism of pepsinogen C (PGC) gene and the genetic predisposition to gastric cancer. METHODS: A total of 289 cases were involved in this study. 115 cases came from Shenyang area, a low risk area of gastric cancer, including 42 unrelated controls and 73 patients with gastric cancer. 174 cases came from Zhuanghe area, a high-risk area of gastric cancer, including 113 unrelated controls, and 61 cases from gastric cancer kindred families. The polymorphism of PGC gene was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and the relation between the genetic polymorphism of PGC and gastric cancer was examined. RESULTS: Four alleles, 31 0bp (allele 1), 400 bp (allele 2), 450 bp (allele 3), and 480 bp (allele 4) were detected by PCR. The frequency of allele 1 was higher in patients with gastric cancer than that in controls. Genotypes containing homogenous allele 1 were significantly more frequent in patients with gastric cancer than that in controls (0.33, 0.14, chi(2)=3.86, P<0.05). There was no significant difference between the control group of Zhuanghe and the group of gastric cancer kindred. But the frequency of allele 1 was higher in control group of Zhuanghe area than that in control group of Shenyang area and genotypes containing homogenous allele 1 were significantly more frequent in the control group of Zhuanghe area than those in control group of Shenyang area (0.33, 0.14, chi(2)=4.32, P<0.05). In the group of gastric cancer kindred the frequency of allele 1 was significantly higher than that in control group of Shenyang area (0.5164, 0.3571, chi(2)=4.47, P<0.05). Genotypes containing homogenous allele 1 were significantly more frequent in the group of gastric cancer kindred than those in control group of Shenyang area (0.36, 0.14, chi(2)=4.91, P<0.05). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that there is some relation between pepsinogen C gene polymorphism and gastric cancer, and the person with homogenous allele 1 predisposes to gastric cancer than those with other genotypes. Pepsinogen C gene polymorphism may be used as a genetic marker for a genetic predisposition to gastric cancer. The distribution of pepsinogen C gene polymorphism in Zhuanghe, a high-risk area of gastric cancer, is different from that in Shenyang, a low risk area of gastric cancer.