Smoldering multiple myeloma revealed by superior ophthalmic vein thrombosis.

Superior ophthalmic vein thrombosis is a rare entity. It is associated with significant morbidities. It may present with dramatic clinical signs. It is frequently secondary to cavernous sinus pathology and it can be a harbinger of cavernous sinus thrombosis. We report an unusual case of superior ophthalmic vein thrombosis, as the first manifestation of multiple myeloma. As far as we know, this is the first case described in the literature. Here we describe a patient presented with a painful, visual blur and a right-sided proptosis due to superior ophthalmic vein thrombosis. Appropriate medical workup was conducted, and smoldering multiple myeloma was diagnosed as the underlying cause. We further discuss the possible involved mechanisms.

[Five-word test calibration in a Tunisian population of healthy subjects]. / Étalonnage du test des cinq mots dans une population tunisienne de sujets sains.

INTRODUCTION: Five-word test (5WT) is a memory test to assess the verbal episodic memory. It measures the memory of subjects with memory impairment, in particular within the framework of the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease, where it is sensitive and specific. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the effect of different sociodemographic parameters on subject's performance, to set standards relevant to Tunisian population and to compare our results to previous studies. METHODS: We report 5WT calibration in 315 normal subjects aged 40 to 90 years (169 men, 146 women), divided into four age groups (40-49,50-59,60-69 and 70 years) having three levels of education (I: primary, II:secondary and III:higher). We calculated the mean score (standard deviation) for the different scores: Total Score (TS), Total Weighted Score (TWS), Delayed Free Recall (DFR), Total Delayed Recall (TDR) and Total Free Recall (TFR). RESULTS: The average age of subjects was 57.29 years (11.02). Performances appeared to be better in youngest and better educated subjects, without any significant difference between the two sexes. Standards were calculated on the basis of age and levels of education. CONCLUSION: Five-word test allows rapid screening of patients in whom complementary neuropsychological assessment is essential for the diagnosis of cognitive disorders.