Healing Through Words: Jerome Frank and Psychotherapy at Johns Hopkins: The Phipps Centennial Lectures: The Jerome Frank Lecture.

This lecture, given to celebrate the centenary of the founding of the Henry Phipps Psychiatric Service at Johns Hopkins, focuses on the contributions of Jerome Frank to the understanding and practice of psychotherapy. It gives an overview of Professor Frank's ideas and work, puts them into the context of the history of psychotherapy research at Johns Hopkins, and discusses psychotherapy and demoralization in bipolar illness.

Great wits and madness: more near allied?

A purported association between creativity and psychopathology is ancient, persistent and controversial. Biographical research, studies of living artists and writers, and investigations into the cognitive and temperamental factors linked to both creativity and mood disorders suggest a more specific link to bipolar illness. A new, large and well-designed population-based study adds further support to this connection.

Perspectives on illness-related stigma and electronically sharing psychiatric health information by people with multiple sclerosis.

BACKGROUND: Electronic medical records (EMRs) facilitate more integrated and comprehensive care. Despite this, EMRs are used less frequently in psychiatry compared to other medical disciplines, in part due to concerns regarding stigma surrounding mental health. This paper explores the willingness to share medical information among patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), who experience higher rates of psychiatric comorbidities compared to the general population, and the role that stigma plays in patient preferences. METHODS: MS patients were surveyed about their co-occurring psychiatric and non-psychiatric diagnoses, willingness to share their health information electronically among their treating doctors, and levels of self and societal stigma associated with their diagnoses. RESULTS: Participants were slightly more willing to share their non-psychiatric medical information vs. psychiatric information. Despite the presence of stigma decreasing patient willingness to share medical records, those with psychiatric co-occurring disorders, compared to those without, endorsed significantly greater willingness to electronically share their health records. The majority of diagnoses for which participants experienced the greatest difference in self vs. societal stigmas were psychiatric ones, including substance use, eating and mood disorders. Societal stigma strongly correlated with decreased non-psychiatric medication sharing, while self stigma was strongly correlated with decreased psychiatric medications sharing. LIMITATIONS: Standardized scales were not used to assess patient stigma and there is a potential lack of generalizability of results beyond patients with MS. CONCLUSIONS: These insights into patient preferences toward sharing their medical information should inform decisions to implement EMRs, particularly for patient populations experiencing higher than average levels of psychiatric comorbidities.

Long-term lithium therapy for bipolar disorder: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

OBJECTIVE: The authors sought to determine the efficacy and acceptability of lithium for relapse prevention in bipolar disorder. METHOD: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials comparing lithium with placebo in the long-term treatment of bipolar disorders was conducted. Data were obtained from searching the registers of the Cochrane Collaboration; reviewing reference lists, journals, and conference abstracts; and contacting authors, experts, and pharmaceutical companies. Outcomes investigated included risk of relapse (manic, depressive, and total) as well as risk of specific adverse effects and total withdrawal rates. RESULTS: Five randomized controlled trials (770 participants) were included. Lithium was more effective than placebo in preventing all relapses (random effects relative risk=0.65, 95% CI=0.50 to 0.84) and manic relapses (relative risk=0.62, 95% CI=0.40 to 0.95). The protective effect of lithium on depressive relapses was smaller and was less robust (relative risk=0.72, 95% CI=0.49 to 1.07). CONCLUSIONS: Lithium treatment reduces the risk of relapse in bipolar disorder. The preventive effect is clear for manic episodes, although it is equivocal for depressive episodes.

Separate may not be equal: a preliminary investigation of clinical correlates of electronic psychiatric record accessibility in academic medical centers.

OBJECTIVES: Electronic Medical Records (EMR) have the potential to improve the coordination of healthcare in this country, yet the field of psychiatry has lagged behind other medical disciplines in its adoption of EMR. METHODS: Psychiatrists at 18 of the top US hospitals completed an electronic survey detailing whether their psychiatric records were stored electronically and accessible to non-psychiatric physicians. Electronic hospital records and accessibility statuses were correlated with patient care outcomes obtained from the University Health System Consortium Clinical Database available for 13 of the 18 top US hospitals. RESULTS: 44% of hospitals surveyed maintained most or all of their psychiatric records electronically and 28% made psychiatric records accessible to non-psychiatric physicians; only 22% did both. Compared with hospitals where psychiatric records were not stored electronically, the average 7-day readmission rate of psychiatric patients was significantly lower at hospitals with psychiatric EMR (5.1% vs. 7.0%, p = .040). Similarly, the 14 and 30-day readmission rates at hospitals where psychiatric records were accessible to non-psychiatric physicians were lower than those of their counterparts with non-accessible records (5.8% vs. 9.5%, p = .019, 8.6% vs. 13.6%, p = .013, respectively). The 7, 14, and 30-day readmission rates were significantly lower in hospitals where psychiatric records were both stored electronically and made accessible than at hospitals where records were either not electronic or not accessible (4% vs 6.6%, 5.8% vs 9.1%, 8.9 vs 13%, respectively, all with p = 0.045). CONCLUSIONS: Having psychiatric EMR that were accessible to non-psychiatric physicians correlated with improved clinical care as measured by lower readmission rates specific for psychiatric patients.