Primary Breast Angiosarcoma in a Male.

Angiosarcoma of the breast represent <1% of breast malignancies. It can arise de novo (primary) or following treatment for breast carcinoma (secondary). Primary breast angiosarcoma usually affects young women and is extremely rare in the male patient population. Imaging features can have a nonspecific appearance. Histologically, the diagnosis can be challenging, especially in small core needle biopsies. Mastectomy or wide local excision is the usual treatment for both forms of angiosarcoma. Prognosis and recurrence is worse with increasing grade of tumor. Herein, we discuss the rare occurrence of primary breast angiosarcoma in a man with history of immunodeficiency. Clinical, radiological and pathologic findings will be discussed.

Specialized Second Opinion Interpretations of Breast Imaging: Impact on Additional Workup and Management.

BACKGROUND: Women with breast imaging often seek second opinions at tertiary care centers. Our study measures the frequency of discrepancy between initial and second opinion breast imaging recommendations and evaluates the impact on patient management. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective chart review was conducted on 504 consecutive patients with second opinion breast radiology interpretations performed by 6 sub-specialized breast radiologists at a dedicated cancer center from January 1, 2014 through September 1, 2014. Outside imaging reports were compared with second opinion reports to categorize discrepancies. Interpretations were considered discrepant in cases with Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) category changes, recommendation for additional imaging, or identification of previously undiagnosed additional extent of disease greater than 5 cm. The frequencies of discrepancy, alterations in surgical management, and incremental cancer detection were measured. Statistical analysis of associated factors was performed with the Fisher exact test, with a P-value < .05 considered significant. RESULTS: Second opinion evaluation discrepancies were seen in 287 (57%) patients and resulted in percutaneous image-guided biopsies in 92 (18%). Forty-five additional sites of cancer were biopsy-detected in 41 (8%) patients, including 20 breast malignancies and 25 axillary metastases. Another 9 biopsies yielded high-risk pathology. Second opinion interpretations altered surgical management in 66 (13%) patients. Factors associated with increased discrepancy frequency were cancer diagnosis at presentation (P = .004), dense breasts (P = .005), and the absence of prior studies for comparison (P = .007). CONCLUSION: Although additional imaging and resources are required, second opinion radiology review by subspecialized breast radiologists increases cancer detection and results in clinically relevant changes in patient management.

Triggering of transmural infarctions, but not nontransmural infarctions, by ambient fine particles.

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have reported increased risk of myocardial infarction (MI) after increases in ambient particulate matter (PM) air pollution concentrations in the hours and days before MI onset. OBJECTIVES: We hypothesized that acute increases in fine PM with aerodynamic diameter < or = 2.5 microm (PM(2.5)) may be associated with increased risk of MI and that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and diabetes may increase susceptibility to PM(2.5). We also explored whether both transmural and nontransmural infarctions were acutely associated with ambient PM(2.5) concentrations. METHODS: We studied all hospital admissions from 2004 through 2006 for first acute MI of adult residents of New Jersey who lived within 10 km of a PM(2.5) monitoring site (n = 5,864), as well as ambient measurements of PM(2.5), nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, and ozone. RESULTS: Using a time-stratified case-crossover design and conditional logistic regression showed that each interquartile-range increase in PM(2.5) concentration (10.8 microg/m3) in the 24 hr before arriving at the emergency department for MI was not associated with MI overall but was associated with an increased relative risk of a transmural infarction. We found no association between the same increase in PM(2.5) and nontransmural infarction. Further, subjects with COPD appeared to be particularly susceptible, but those with diabetes were not. CONCLUSIONS: This PM-transmural infarction association is consistent with earlier studies of PM and MI. The lack of association with nontransmural infarction suggests that future studies that investigate the triggering of MI by ambient PM(2.5) concentrations should be stratified by infarction type.