RESUMEN
We present recent work on building and scaling trustworthy systems with formal, machine-checkable proof from the ground up, including the operating system kernel, at the level of binary machine code. We first give a brief overview of the seL4 microkernel verification and how it can be used to build verified systems. We then show two complementary techniques for scaling these methods to larger systems: proof engineering, to estimate verification effort; and code/proof co-generation, for scalable development of provably trustworthy applications.This article is part of the themed issue 'Verified trustworthy software systems'.
RESUMEN
O envelhecimento populacional é permeado por uma série de desafios para a saúde pública brasileira, desta forma a avaliação do perfil de idosos em internação hospitalar, considerando presença de comorbidades, parâmetros funcionais e presença de fragilidade tornam-se imprescindível. Dessa forma, busca-se avaliar o perfil de idosos na admissão, evolução hospitalar e desfecho e verificar a associação do perfil da admissão com o desfecho da internação. Trata-se de um estudo de coorte prospectiva. Utilizou-se como variáveis da admissão hospitalar o perfil sociodemográfico e perfil clínico-funcional, como variáveis da evolução, o tempo de internação hospitalar e complicações e como desfecho alta hospitalar ou óbito. Realizou-se análise descritiva e teste do qui-quadrado ou teste exato de Fisher para associação das variáveis. Foram avaliados 493 idosos, com maioria de idosos jovens, que moravam sozinhos, admitidos no hospital devido a neoplasia. Houve associação positiva do óbito com a idade, Delirium, índice de Comorbidades de Charlson, risco sênior, Fragilidade e valores da circunferência de panturrilha. Verificou-se que a população idosa que ingressa em emergência hospitalar apresenta multimorbidades, declínios funcionais, fragilidade e maior exposição a eventos adversos, entre eles o óbito. Recomenda-se a elaboração de estratégias, para que o cuidado prestado nesse ambiente contemple as peculiaridades desse grupo etário, possibilitando melhores resultados de saúde.(AU)
Population aging is permeated by a series of challenges for Brazilian public health. In this way, considering the presence of comorbidities, functional parameters and presence of fragility, the evaluation of the profile of older adults in hospital admission becomes essential as a way of subsidizing elaboration of strategies. So that the care provided in this environment contemplates the peculiarities of this age group enables better health outcomes. In this way, the profile of older people in admission, hospital evolution and outcome is evaluated. The association of the admission profile with the outcome of hospitalization is also checked. Hence, it is a prospective cohort study. The sociodemographic profile and the clinical-functional profile were used as variables of hospital admission, as variables of the evolution of hospital stay and complications and as outcome hospital discharge or death. Descriptive analysis and chi-square test or Fisher's exact test were performed for association of variables. A total of 493 elderly individuals, most of whom were young and living alone, were admitted to the hospital because of neoplasia. There was a positive association of death with age, CAM, ICC, ISAR, EFE, and CP. It was verified that the older adult population that entered the hospital emergency presented multimorbidities, functional declines, fragility and greater exposure to adverse events, among them death.(AU)