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1.
Int J Vitam Nutr Res ; 88(5-6): 270-280, 2018 Dec.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31161929

RESUMEN

The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic effect of lycopene on a hyperoxia-induced lung injury model in rat pups. Full-term rat pups were included in the study 12-24 h after delivery. The pups were separated into 4 groups: normoxia control (NC), hyperoxia control (HC), hyperoxia + lycopene (HL), and normoxia lycopene (NL). The normoxia groups were housed in ambient air, and the hyperoxia groups in > 85% O2. HL and NL groups received 50 mg lycopene in oil/kg body weight/day delivered intraperitoneally (i.p.), the other groups received oil alone. On day 11, the rat pups were sacrificed and their lungs removed. Statistically significant injury was observed in all histological parameters measured (MLI, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), and apoptosis) in the HC group (HC vs NC, p = 0.001). This injury could not be reversed with lycopene treatment (HC vs HL, 0.05; NC vs HL, p = 0.001). With hyperoxia, statistically significant decreases were observed in biochemical parameters in terms of SOD, MDA, and IL-6 values (HC vs NC: SOD, p = 0.02; MDA, p = 0.043; IL-6, p = 0.001). The use of lycopene did not provide any improvement in these values (HC vs HL, p > 0.05). Hyperoxia or lycopene had no effect on IL-1ß and GPx (p > 0.05). When comparing NC and NL groups, negative effects were observed in the group given lycopene in terms of MLI, PCNA, apoptosis, and IL-6 (all parameters, p = 0.001). We observed that 50 mg lycopene in oil/kg body weight/day given via i.p. had no curative effect on the hyperoxia-induced lung injury in newborn rats and may even induce adverse effects.


Asunto(s)
Hiperoxia , Lesión Pulmonar , Licopeno/farmacología , Animales , Licopeno/química , Ratas
2.
Turk Neurosurg ; 32(4): 618-624, 2022.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35416258

RESUMEN

AIM: To evaluate the impact of carnosine on Purkinje neurons in rats exposed to a 900 Mhz electromagnetic field. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This study evaluated 24 rats divided into the following three different groups: a control group, a group exposed to the electromagnetic field, and a group that was injected with carnosine while being exposed to the electromagnetic field. The electromagnetic field group was exposed to a 900 Mhz electromagnetic field for an hour daily over 28 days. Thereafter, stereological analysis was performed histologically on cerebellar sections, and the number of Purkinje cells were counted. RESULTS: The electromagnetic field group had remarkably fewer Purkinje cell compared to control. The electromagnetic field group plus 20 mg of carnosine had significantly more total Purkinje cells compared to the electromagnetic field group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The present study showed that electromagnetic field exposure decreases the number of Purkinje cell, whereas carnosine protected the cerebellum from neural damage induced by electromagnetic field exposure.


Asunto(s)
Carnosina , Células de Purkinje , Animales , Carnosina/farmacología , Recuento de Células , Cerebelo/patología , Campos Electromagnéticos , Células de Purkinje/efectos de los fármacos , Células de Purkinje/patología , Ratas
3.
Kulak Burun Bogaz Ihtis Derg ; 21(3): 154-8, 2011.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21595619

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVES: This study aims to investigate the effect of mitomycin-C in the wound healing process on collagen synthesis in tracheostomyzed rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fourteen healthy, in both sexes, mean weight of 270 g (range 250-300 g), Wistar-Albino type rats underwent tracheotomy and tracheal mucosa was damaged with micro-scissors on both sides of tracheostomyzed area. The rats were divided into two groups: The experimental group (group 1) received immediate topical application of mitomycin-C 0.2 mg/ml; the control group (group 2) received saline solution. The rats were sacrificed after a period of one month. Subsequently, the tracheostomyzed region was excised and vertically divided into the two parts. The level of hydroxyproline in the dry tissue was measured in one part of the tissue. Fibroblast count was performed in the other part of the tracheostomyzed region using the stereological method. RESULTS: The hydroxyproline level was much higher in the mitomycin-C group when compared to the control group (p<0.05). In contrary, the number of fibroblasts was lower in the mitomycin-C group than control group (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: When used in wound healing, mitomycin-C may increase collagen synthesis or quicken the wound healing process after one month.


Asunto(s)
Antibióticos Antineoplásicos/farmacología , Colágeno/metabolismo , Mitomicina/farmacología , Tráquea/lesiones , Cicatrización de Heridas/fisiología , Administración Tópica , Animales , Antibióticos Antineoplásicos/administración & dosificación , Femenino , Fibroblastos/citología , Fibroblastos/efectos de los fármacos , Hidroxiprolina/análisis , Masculino , Mitomicina/administración & dosificación , Ratas , Ratas Wistar , Mucosa Respiratoria/química , Mucosa Respiratoria/lesiones , Tráquea/química , Traqueostomía , Cicatrización de Heridas/efectos de los fármacos
4.
Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol ; 105: 79-84, 2018 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29447825

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVES: We aimed to investigate the prophylactic effect simvastatin of and mitomycin C (MMC) on laryngeal and tracheal stenosis in tracheotomised rats by histopathological evaluation of laryngotracheal segment. Randomized prospective single-blind. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Standard vertical tracheotomy was performed on 24 rats. Then the animals were randomly divided into three groups as A, B and C. In group A 0.4 mg/day once daily mitomycin C was injected to the paratracheal region for 14 days. In group B daily 30 mg/kg/day simvastatin was given via gavage to rats for 14 days. In group C 2 cc/day intraperitoneal saline given to rats and the created control group by 14 days follow up. After 10 days, tracheal cannulas were removed. Three weeks later, all animals were euthanized and trachea specimens were harvested. The present study investigates the effects of MMC and Simvastatin on fibrosis, inflammation, stenosis index and tracheal wall thickness in a tracheal injury model. RESULTS: The difference between the groups in terms of degree of inflammation scores was statistically insignificant (P = 0,187). Differences between the groups were found to be insignificant in terms of the preventionof fibrosis (P = 0,993). There was no significant difference between groups in terms of stenosis index (P = 0.645). In terms of wall thickness, control, simvastatin and mitomycin C groups were statistically different (p = 0.038). The difference between post-hoc test results was between Mitomycin C and control groups (p = 0.036). Maximum wall thickness in the MMC group (0,299 mm) was significantly lower compared to the control group (0,382 mm)(P < 0,0001). Maximum wall thickness was statistically lower in the simvastatin (0.324 mm) group compared with the control group (0.382 mm) (P < 0.0001). There was no statistically significant difference between the simvastatin group (0,198 mm) and control group (0,200 mm) with respect to minimum wall thickness (P = 0.982). Minimum wall thickness was significantly lower in the mitomycin-C group (0,160 mm) comparison to the control group (0,200 mm) (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: It was detected that the simvastatin and MMC is not effective in preventing the tracheal stenosis, inflammation and fibrosis formation.


Asunto(s)
Alquilantes/farmacología , Anticolesterolemiantes/farmacología , Laringoestenosis/tratamiento farmacológico , Mitomicina/farmacología , Simvastatina/farmacología , Estenosis Traqueal/tratamiento farmacológico , Animales , Femenino , Fibrosis/tratamiento farmacológico , Inflamación/tratamiento farmacológico , Laringe/patología , Estudios Prospectivos , Ratas , Método Simple Ciego , Tráquea/patología , Estenosis Traqueal/cirugía , Traqueotomía
5.
Braz J Otorhinolaryngol ; 83(5): 541-545, 2017.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27484331

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION: The ethiopathogenesis of tympanosclerosis has not been completely under- stood yet. Recent studies have shown that free oxygen radicals are important in the formation of tympanosclerosis. Melatonin and Vitamin C are known to be a powerful antioxidant, interacts directly with Reactive Oxygen Species and controls free radical-mediated tissue damage. OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate the possible preventative effects of melatonin and Vitamin C on tympanosclerosis in rats by using histopathology and determination of total antioxidant status total antioxidant status. METHODS: Standard myringotomy and standard injury were performed in the middle ear of 24 rats. The animals were divided into three groups: Group 1 received melatonin, Group 2 received vitamin C, and Group 3 received saline solution. RESULTS: The mean values of total antioxidant status were similar in the all study groups before the treatment period. The mean values of total antioxidant status were significantly higher in the melatonin and vitamin C groups compared to control group but vitamin C with melatonin groups were similar after the treatment period (p<0.001). Minimum and maximum wall thicknesses were lower in the melatonin and vitamin C groups compared to the control group but the differences were insignificant. CONCLUSION: Melatonin increases total antioxidant status level and might have some effect on tympanosclerosis that develops after myringotomy.


Asunto(s)
Antioxidantes/administración & dosificación , Ácido Ascórbico/administración & dosificación , Melatonina/administración & dosificación , Miringoesclerosis/tratamiento farmacológico , Vitaminas/administración & dosificación , Animales , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Masculino , Miringoesclerosis/patología , Ratas , Ratas Wistar , Membrana Timpánica/efectos de los fármacos
6.
Turk J Med Sci ; 45(1): 11-7, 2015.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25790524

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND/AIM: Several studies have demonstrated that cigarette smoke has detrimental effects on testicular function. However, it is unknown whether melatonin or BQ-123 has beneficial effects on the rat testis damage caused by cigarette smoke. The aim of the present study was to investigate the beneficial effects of melatonin or BQ-123 on the testicular damage caused by cigarette smoke. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 equal groups: control group (n = 5), cigarette smoke group (n = 5), melatonin group (n = 5), and BQ-123 group (n = 5). At the end of 4 weeks, all the rats were sacrificed for histopathological evaluation and subsequent stereological analysis. The optical fractionator counting method, the most efficient and unbiased method, was used to estimate the total number of spermatogonia and spermatocytes. RESULTS: All the control testes demonstrated complete spermatogenesis. There was a significant decrease in the germ cells of rats exposed to cigarette smoke for 4 weeks. After the application of melatonin or BQ-123, the total number of spermatogonia and spermatocytes in the testes was significantly higher. CONCLUSION: Based on these findings, melatonin and BQ-123 are able to minimize the degenerative effects of cigarette smoke by increasing the germ cell count.


Asunto(s)
Melatonina/farmacología , Péptidos Cíclicos/farmacología , Sustancias Protectoras/farmacología , Humo/efectos adversos , Testículo/efectos de los fármacos , Animales , Masculino , Ratas , Ratas Wistar , Espermatocitos/efectos de los fármacos , Espermatogonias/efectos de los fármacos , Testículo/citología , Testículo/patología , Nicotiana
7.
Reprod Sci ; 19(2): 190-201, 2012 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22051847

RESUMEN

Members of the bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) superfamily are expressed in the testis and epididymis and are believed to have different biological functions during testicular and epididymal development. Smad1 is one of the signal transducers of BMP signaling and binds to several proteins involved in ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS). Valosin-containing protein (p97/VCP) is required for the degradation of some UPS substrates. Although p97/VCP has been indicated in different cellular pathways, its association with BMP signaling in male reproductive system has not been elucidated. The aim of the present study was to investigate the cellular localization of Smad1, phospho-Smad1, and p97/VCP and the interaction of proteins in the postnatal rat testis and epididymis. Testicular and epididymal tissues from 5-, 15- and 60-day-old rats were examined by immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, Western blotting, and immunoprecipitation techniques. In 5-day-old rat testis, Smad1, phospho-Smad1, and p97/VCP were mainly expressed in gonocytes. In 15- and 60-day-old rat testis, proteins were overlapped in spermatogonia, Sertoli cells, and spermatocytes. Expression of proteins in the epithelial cells of epididymis was gradually increased from 5 to 15 days of age. Smad1 and phospho-Smad1 expressions showed uniformity in the different regions of epididymis, however p97/VCP immunoreactivity was higher only in caput epididymis compared to corpus and cauda epididymis in 15- and 60-day-old rat epididymis. Co-immunoprecipitation experiments further confirmed the Smad1-p97/VCP and p-Smad1-p97/VCP interactions. The overlap between Smad1 and p97/VCP expressions in the postnatal rat testis and epididymis suggests that p97/VCP may play important roles in mediating BMP signaling during spermatogenesis.


Asunto(s)
Adenosina Trifosfatasas/metabolismo , Proteínas de Ciclo Celular/metabolismo , Epidídimo/crecimiento & desarrollo , Epidídimo/metabolismo , Proteína Smad1/metabolismo , Espermatogénesis , Testículo/crecimiento & desarrollo , Testículo/metabolismo , Animales , Epidídimo/citología , Masculino , Ratas , Ratas Wistar , Transducción de Señal , Testículo/citología , Proteína que Contiene Valosina
8.
Braz. j. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.) ; 83(5): 541-545, Sept.-Oct. 2017. tab, graf
Artículo en Inglés | LILACS | ID: biblio-889311

RESUMEN

Abstract Introduction: The ethiopathogenesis of tympanosclerosis has not been completely under- stood yet. Recent studies have shown that free oxygen radicals are important in the formation of tympanosclerosis. Melatonin and Vitamin C are known to be a powerful antioxidant, interacts directly with Reactive Oxygen Species and controls free radical-mediated tissue damage. Objective: To demonstrate the possible preventative effects of melatonin and Vitamin C on tympanosclerosis in rats by using histopathology and determination of total antioxidant status total antioxidant status. Methods: Standard myringotomy and standard injury were performed in the middle ear of 24 rats. The animals were divided into three groups: Group 1 received melatonin, Group 2 received vitamin C, and Group 3 received saline solution. Results: The mean values of total antioxidant status were similar in the all study groups before the treatment period. The mean values of total antioxidant status were significantly higher in the melatonin and vitamin C groups compared to control group but vitamin C with melatonin groups were similar after the treatment period (p < 0.001). Minimum and maximum wall thicknesses were lower in the melatonin and vitamin C groups compared to the control group but the differences were insignificant. Conclusion: Melatonin increases total antioxidant status level and might have some effect on tympanosclerosis that develops after myringotomy.


Resumo Introdução: A etiopatogênese da timpanoesclerose (TE) não foi ainda totalmente esclarecida. Estudos recentes têm demonstrado que os radicais livres de oxigênio são importantes na formação de TE. Melatonina e vitamina C são conhecidas por serem poderosos antioxidantes, interagir diretamente com espécies reativas de oxigênio (ROS) e controlar danos em tecidos mediados por radicais livres. Objetivo: Demonstrar os possíveis efeitos preventivos da melatonina e da vitamina C na TE em ratos com histopatologia e determinação da capacidade antioxidante total (CAT). Método: Miringotomias padronizadas foram feitas na orelha média de 24 ratos. Os animais foram divididos em três grupos: o Grupo 1 recebeu melatonina, o Grupo 2 vitamina C e o grupo 3 solução salina. Resultados: Os valores médios de CAT foram semelhantes em todos os grupos de estudo antes do período de tratamento. Os valores médios de CAT foram significativamente maiores nos grupos que receberam melatonina e vitamina C em comparação com o grupo de controle, mas os grupos vitamina C e melatonina foram semelhantes após o período de tratamento (p < 0,001). As espessuras mínimas e máximas de parede foram menores nos grupos melatonina e vitamina C, em comparação com o grupo controle, mas as diferenças não foram significativas. Conclusão: A melatonina aumenta os níveis de CAT e pode ter algum efeito sobre a TE que se desenvolve após a miringotomia.


Asunto(s)
Animales , Masculino , Ratas , Ácido Ascórbico/administración & dosificación , Vitaminas/administración & dosificación , Miringoesclerosis/tratamiento farmacológico , Melatonina/administración & dosificación , Antioxidantes/administración & dosificación , Membrana Timpánica/efectos de los fármacos , Ratas Wistar , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Miringoesclerosis/patología
9.
Neurotoxicol Teratol ; 33(2): 282-7, 2011.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21241796

RESUMEN

Diclofenac sodium is one of the most commonly used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. It may cause alteration in the nervous system during neuronal development. However, there is no investigation concerning its role in the cervical spinal cord. Pregnant rats were divided into two groups, namely drug-treated and control (saline-injected) groups. To obtain the offspring of the drug-treated group, a dose of 1mg/kg daily diclofenac sodium (Voltaren, 75 mg/3 ml ampoule, Novartis) was injected into the pregnant rats beginning from the 5th day after mating to the 20th day of the pregnancy. To obtain the control group of offspring, serum physiological at a 1 ml/kg daily dose was injected into the pregnant control rats during the same period. Male offspring were obtained after delivery and each group was divided into two subgroups: 4-week-old and 20-week-old. The total neuron number in diclofenac sodium-treated rats was significantly lower than in the control group animals. The total volume of the cervical spinal cord segments (C1-C4) was also estimated. There was a significant difference between the volumes of the two groups, especially in the 20-week-old subgroup. This may suggest that development of neurons and volume of cervical spinal cord are affected in prenatal animals after administration of diclofenac sodium.


Asunto(s)
Antiinflamatorios no Esteroideos/toxicidad , Diclofenaco/toxicidad , Neuronas/patología , Efectos Tardíos de la Exposición Prenatal/inducido químicamente , Médula Espinal/patología , Animales , Recuento de Células , Vértebras Cervicales , Femenino , Masculino , Neuronas/efectos de los fármacos , Embarazo , Efectos Tardíos de la Exposición Prenatal/patología , Ratas , Ratas Wistar , Médula Espinal/efectos de los fármacos , Médula Espinal/embriología , Médula Espinal/crecimiento & desarrollo
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