[Stimulating effect of water-soluble fraction from brown algae Fucus vesiculosus extract on cell proliferation in tissue culture of young and old rats.]

The influence of water-soluble fraction F-55 of brown algae extract Fucus vesiculosus on the development of organotypic tissue culture of different genesis, originating from three germ leaves in young and old rats was studied. The preparation F-55 has a stimulating effect on the processes of cell proliferation in the tissues of ecto-, ento- and mesodermal genesis (cerebral cortex, myocardium, spleen and liver), by regulating the processes of cell proliferation and apoptosis. The revealed strengthening of regeneration processes in explants from both young and old rats under the influence of F-55 preparation in the range of ultra-low concentrations of 10-100 ng/ml can serve as a basis for the creation of new medicinal cytoprotective substances that allow to enhance cell regeneration in various tissues in pathological conditions, including those associated with age.

Androgen deprivation therapy and risk of rheumatoid arthritis in patients with localized prostate cancer.

Background: Androgens are generally immunosuppressive, and men with untreated hypogonadism are at increased risk for autoimmune conditions. To date, there has been no evidence linking androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) to autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We investigated the association between ADT and RA in patients with prostate cancer. Patients and methods: We identified 105 303 men age 66 years or older who were diagnosed with stages I-III prostate cancer from 1992 through 2006 using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results-Medicare linked database, excluding patients with a history of RA. χ2 test was used to compare 5-year Kaplan-Meier rates of RA diagnoses. Competing risk Cox regression using inverse probability of treatment weighting was utilized to examine the association between pharmacologic ADT and diagnosis of RA. Results: The 43% of patients (N = 44 785) who received ADT experienced a higher 5-year rate of RA diagnoses compared with men who did not (5.4% versus 4.4%, P < 0.001). Receipt of any ADT was associated with a 23% increased risk of being diagnosed with RA (hazard ratio 1.23, 95% confidence interval 1.09-1.40, P = 0.001). The risk of being diagnosed with RA increased with a longer duration of ADT, from 19% with 1-6 months and 29% with 7-12 months to 33% with ≥13 months (Ptrend < 0.001). Conclusions: Consistent with the immunosuppressive properties of androgens, we demonstrated for the first time that ADT was associated with an elevated risk of being diagnosed with RA in this large cohort of elderly men with prostate cancer. The risk was higher with a longer duration of ADT. Linking ADT to an increased risk of being diagnosed with an autoimmune condition adds to mounting evidence of the adverse effects of ADT that should prompt physicians to thoughtfully weigh its risks and benefits.

[The relationship between pre-exertional biochemical changes metabolic features during muscular activity]. / Sviaz' mezhdu predrabochimi biokhimicheskimi izmeneniiami i osobennostiami metabolizma pri myshechnoi deiatel'nosti

Metabolic changes during intense muscular activity and the work efficiency depend on the prestart biochemical changes. Excessiveness of these changes or, particularly, their absence decrease the work capacity. Character of the prestart reaction depends on the grade of adaptation of the organism to muscular activity; favourable, moderate prestart biochemical changes are characteristic o highly trained sportsmen. Disturbed ATP balance in the working muscles was found not to be always a limiting factor for the work capacity.

[Utilization and restitution of energy sources during muscular activity under steady-state metabolic conditions]. / Utilizatsiia i restitutsiia istochnikov énergii pri myshechnoi deiatel'nosti v usloviiakh ustoichivogo sostoianiia metabolizma.

During muscular activity at steady state of metabolism both the carbohydrate and the free fatty acids are utilized as energy sources. Kreatine phosphate expense, carbohydrate mobilization, and intensity of glycolysis during the same work are in positive correlation with the work intensity, while fatty acids mobilization is in negative correlation. Intensity of restoration of energy sources is in positive correlation with the intensity of work and the energy source expense, while being in negative correlation with steady state level of metabolism. In trained organism, both the steady state level of metabolism during muscular activity and intensity of restitution during recovery period are greater than in untrained organism.

[Interorgan metabolic correlations during muscular activity and fatigue]. / Mezhorgannye metabolicheskie korreliatsii pri myshechnoi deiatel'nosti i utomlenii.

Biochemical and mathematical analysis revealed that metabolic processes in muscles, blood, liver, and brain during both unfatiguing muscular activity and in fatigue change their correlative bonds not identealby. The experiments exposed as a common traits, as differences in metabolic structure of both rapidly and slowly developed fatigue.

[Metabolic structure of the restitution process following physical loads of a different character]. / Metabolicheskaia struktura protsessa restitutsii posle fizicheskikh nagruzok razlichnogo kharaktera.

The result of biochemical and mathematical analysis of restitution processes after various exercises determined the phases of these processes and the interrelationship between metabolic structure of restitution and the character of exercise. Metabolic structure of restitution has some common traits in recovery period after non-fatiguing exercises and exercises causing a rapidly developing fatigue. In contrast, sharp changes of this structure occur after exercises causing a slowly developing exhaustion.

[The bases for the formalization of syndrome diagnosis for an automatic system of patient management]. / Osnovy formalizatsii sindromnoi diagnostiki dlia avtomatizirovannoi sistemy vedeniia patsientov.

The paper shows approaches to formalizing the terms "symptom", "symptom-complex", "syndrome", "syndrome-complex" and their quantitative assessments for diagnosis of major renal diseases. The latter are chosen as their diagnosis based on a combination of a great deal of medical parameters, implies virtually all aspects of therapeutical diagnostic activity. Based on qualitative assessments, the authors propose methods for construction of automatic systems for management of patients. The specific algorithms of interaction of databases on major medical parameters, which determine various pathological processes, and that of knowledge background with the rules of diagnostic application of these parameters.

Velocity distribution for quasistable acceleration in the presence of multiplicative noise.

Processes that are far both from equilibrium and from phase transition are studied. It is shown that a process with mean velocity that exhibits power-law growth in time can be analyzed using the Langevin equation with multiplicative noise. The solution to the corresponding Fokker-Planck equation is derived. Results of the numerical solution of the Langevin equation and simulation of the motion of particles in a billiard system with a time-dependent boundary are presented.