A Retrospective Study of the Presentation, Diagnosis, Management, and Outcomes of 27 Patients with Osteogenesis Imperfecta at a Single Center in Türkiye.

BACKGROUND This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the presentation, diagnosis, management, and outcomes of 27 patients diagnosed with osteogenesis imperfecta at a single center in Türkiye between January 2011 and January 2020. MATERIAL AND METHODS We analyzed data from the medical records of 27 patients with osteogenesis imperfecta admitted to Çukurova University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, between January 2011 and January 2020. The data included the clinical examination notes of the cases classified according to the Sillence and Shapiro systems, age, sex, parental consanguinity, genetic analysis (DNA isolation) results, the number and localization of past fractures, treatment methods, complications, hypermobility, and ambulation scoring. RESULTS The mean age of the patients (n=13 male, n=14 female) was 10.4±7.4 years, ranging from 3 to 39 years. Almost half (n=15, 55.6%) had consanguineous parents. The patients had 131 fractures during the 9 years between January 2011 and January 2020, with the femur being the most commonly fractured bone; 13 patients (48.15%) received surgical and conservative treatments, while the remaining 14 underwent only conservative treatments. The results revealed a strong association between the number of fractures and the types of genetic mutations (P=0.004). CONCLUSIONS Study findings indicate that the type of genetic mutation was not significantly correlated with the risk of treatment complications in osteogenesis imperfecta cases. Nevertheless, the study reveals a noteworthy association between the type of mutation and the number of surgeries required. Specifically, patients with the COL1A1 mutation needed more surgeries.

The Effect of Intraoperative Patient Positioning on the Success of Intertrochanteric Fracture Surgery in Older Patients.

Background and Objectives: The incidence of hip fractures in people of advanced ages is increasing due to our aging society. Patient positioning for the intertrochanteric fractures of the femur can be performed in various ways. The aim of this study is to clinically and radiologically compare the use of the supine hemilithotomy position, the lateral decubitus position, and the traction table when performing proximal femoral nail (PFN) surgery for femoral intertrochanteric fractures in the geriatric age group. Materials and Methods: A total of 170 elderly patients with femoral intertrochanteric fractures were included in this cross-sectional study. The patients were divided into three groups (the supine hemilithotomy group, the lateral decubitus group, and the fracture table group). For the postoperative period, complications, length of stay in the intensive care unit, and length of stay in hospital were examined, while in postoperative radiographs, tip-apex distances (TADs), collodiaphyseal angles (CDAs), and Cleveland-Bosworth quadrants were examined to evaluate the placement of the lag screw in the femoral head. The quality of fracture reduction was evaluated according to the modified Baumgaertner criteria. Results: The mean age of the patients was 77.8 ± 8.8; 57.6% of patients were female. According to the modified Baumgaertner criteria, it was determined that patients with 'poor' reduction quality had an approximately ten times higher risk of cut-out than those with 'good' reduction quality (OR = 10.111, p = 0.002, 95% confidence interval; 2.313-44.207). The operative time for patients in the fracture table group was longer than that of the other groups Additionally, the CDA in the supine hemilithotomy position group was longer. Conclusions: Although PFN surgery using the traction table is longer in terms of surgical time compared to surgery performed in the lateral decubitus position and the supine hemilitotomy position, it is advantageous in terms of better TAD and CDA values and lower complication rates.

Prosthesis applications and challenges in children with earthquake-related amputations.

BACKGROUND: Amputations are among the most important traumatic injuries caused by earthquakes. However, data on amputee children and prosthesis application is quite limited in the literature. The aim of the study is to evaluate the injury-related data, stump problems, prosthesis application, difficulties and complications experienced with prosthesis during follow-up of children with 2023 Kahramanmaras earthquake-related limb loss. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Sociodemographic and injury-related data, pre-amputation and post-amputation interventions, prosthesis application, current prosthetic problems, and revision surgeries of the amputee children were recorded. RESULTS: Median age of patients (n = 102) admitted to our center was 13.0 years. 67.6 % of patients had one or more concomitant injuries. Median time and number of amputations were 4 (0-57) days and 1 (1-4), respectively. Of the total 120 amputations, 67.5 % (n = 81) were lower extremity amputations. Most common amputation levels were transtibial (29.1 %, n = 35), transfemoral (22.5 %, n = 27), and transhumeral (15.8 %, n = 19). Most amputees (56.8 %) underwent revision surgery after initial amputation. Median duration of time from amputation to prosthesis application was 184 (28-314) days. For 25 prostheses, a socket revision was required. Six patients had surgical revision of the stumps to allow prosthetic fit and mobility (due to bone overgrowth, soft tissue failure, heterotopic ossification). CONCLUSION: Limited healthcare facilities, surgeries performed under emergency conditions, accompanying multiple traumas, inadequate follow-up conditions, and additional difficulties arising from the pediatric patient group lead to difficulties in the care of pediatric amputee patients. Our results will guide the care of this vulnerable patient population in the event of a similar unfortunate disaster.

Prognostic factors and real-life applicability of prognostic models for patients with bone metastases of carcinoma.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the factors affecting the survival of patients with bone carcinoma metastases and assess the clinical applicability of existing prognostic models. METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated 247 patients who presented to our hospital between 2011 and 2021 diagnosed with bone carcinoma metastasis. Demographic data, general health status, primary diagnoses, laboratory and radiological findings, pathological fracture status, treatment methods, and survival times of the patients were recorded, and the effects of these variables on survival time were evaluated. Previously developed Katagiri, Janssen, 2013-Spring, PathFX, and SORG prognostic models were applied, and the predictive performances of these models were evaluated by comparing the predicted survival time with the actual survival time of our patients. RESULTS: After the multivariate analysis, the following factors were shown to be significantly associated with the survival time of patients: blood hemoglobin and leukocyte levels, lactate dehydrogenase concentration, prognostic nutritional index, body mass index, performance status, medium and fast-growing groups of primary tumors, presence of extraspinal and visceral or brain metastases, and pathological fractures. According to receiver operating characteristics and Brier scores, SORG had the overall highest performance scores, while the Janssen nomogram had the lowest. CONCLUSION: Our report showed that all prognostic models were clinically applicable, but their performances varied. Among them, the SORG predictive model had the best performance scores overall and is the model the authors suggested for survival prediction among patients with carcinoma bone metastases. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level IV, Prognostic Study.

Patient Presenting with Abscess Unresponsive to Treatment and Progressive to Osteomyelitis: A Rare Cause Burkholderia mallei.

Glanders is a rare zoonotic disease caused by Burkholderia mallei (B. mallei). B. mallei can cause pneumonia, abscesses, osteomyelitis in severe cases, sepsis, and even death in humans. In this report, we present a 15-year-old male patient living in a rural area who was diagnosed with glanders. The patient, who did not have any previous disease, was followed up with a diagnosis of pneumonia in the hospital, where he was admitted with complaints of cough and abdominal pain and presented to us with pain, redness, and swelling in his leg. Magnetic resonance imaging of the lower extremity revealed osteomyelitis in the fourth and fifth metatarsals of the right foot. B. mallei growth was detected in the abscess culture. Meropenem treatment was started. The patient's symptoms regressed with treatment. The patient was discharged with oral ciprofloxacin for B. mallei eradication. Glanders are usually transmitted through direct contact with infected animals, especially single-hoofed animals such as horses, or through inhalation of aerosols containing B. mallei. It is a rare disease-causing pneumonia and abscesses and can be life-threatening in severe cases. Diagnosis of glanders is difficult because the initial symptoms are non-specific. Isolation of B. mallei in culture is the gold standard for diagnosing the disease. There is no clear recommendation for treating glanders and imipenem; meropenem ceftazidime can be used based on antibiotic susceptibility tests.

6 February 2023, orthopedic experience in Kahramanmaras earthquake and surgical decision in patients with crush syndrome.

BACKGROUND: The decision of fasciotomy or amputation in crush syndrome is controversial and challenging for surgeons. We aimed to share our experiences after the Kahramanmaras earthquake, to predict the severity of crush syndrome and mortality, and to guide the surgical decision. METHODS: The clinical data of patients during their first week of hospitalization were analyzed retrospectively. Totally, 233 crush syndrome patients were included. Demographic data, physical and laboratory findings, surgical treatments, and outcomes were recorded. RESULTS: The mean time under the rubble was 41.89 ± 29.75 h. Fasciotomy and amputation were performed in 41 (17.6%) and 72 (30.9%) patients. One hundred and two patients (56.7%) underwent hemodialysis. Fifteen patients (6.4%) died. Lower extremity injury, abdominal trauma, and thoracic trauma were associated with mortality. Mortality was significantly increased in patients with thigh injuries (p = 0.028). The mean peak CK concentration was 69.817.69 ± 134.812.04 U/L. Peak CK concentration increased substantially with amputation (p = 0.002), lower limb injury (p < 0.001), abdominal trauma (p = 0.011), and thoracic trauma (p = 0.048). CONCLUSIONS: Thigh injury is associated with the severity of crush syndrome and mortality. Late fasciotomy should not be preferred in crush syndrome. Amputation is life-saving, especially in desperate lower extremity injuries.