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1.
J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol ; 33(1): 14-20, 2023 Feb 17.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34643183

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Perilla seeds are known to cause immediate allergic reactions. However, reports on perilla seed allergy are limited to a few case reports worldwide, and there is currently no diagnostic test for this allergy. Our objective was to analyze the clinical and immunological characteristics of perilla seed allergy and to identify allergens for the development of diagnostic methods. METHODS: Twenty-one children with clinical perilla seed allergy were enrolled from 2 tertiary hospitals between September 2016 and June 2019. Using perilla seed extract, we developed a skin prick test (SPT) and an IgE enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for diagnosis of perilla seed allergy. IgE immunoblotting was performed to identify putative allergenic components, and amino acid composition analysis was performed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). RESULTS: The median age of children with perilla seed allergy was 3 years; the proportion of children with anaphylaxis was 28.6%. SPT was performed with perilla seed in 15 of 21 children, all of whom tested positive. On ELISA, 85.7% of children tested positive for perilla seed-specific IgE. Proteins with molecular weights of 50, 31-35, and 14-16 kDa bound to the sera of >50% of children with perilla seed allergy. LC-MS/MS analysis of these 3 protein fractions showed 8 putative proteins, including perilla oleosin (Accession No. 9963891), to be allergens. CONCLUSIONS: This study documented the clinical characteristics and immunological profiles of 21 children with perilla seed allergy. Our results suggest that oleosin is one of the major allergens in perilla seeds.


Asunto(s)
Hipersensibilidad a los Alimentos , Niño , Humanos , Preescolar , Hipersensibilidad a los Alimentos/diagnóstico , Cromatografía Liquida , Inmunoglobulina E , Espectrometría de Masas en Tándem , Alérgenos , Semillas , Pruebas Cutáneas/efectos adversos , Ensayo de Inmunoadsorción Enzimática
3.
Lett Appl Microbiol ; 68(6): 537-545, 2019 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30933376

RESUMEN

Viable but nonculturable (VBNC) Vibrio parahaemolyticus cannot be detected by the standard cultivation-based methods. In this study, commonly used viability assessment methods were evaluated for the detection of V. parahaemolyticus in a VBNC state. Vibrio parahaemolyticus cells exposed to nutrient deficiency at cold temperature were used for epifluorescence microscopy with SYTO9 and propidium iodide (PI) staining and real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) with propidium monoazide (PMA), and its resuscitative ability was determined by a temperature upshift in freshly prepared artificial sea water (ASW; pH 7) fluids. Viable cells with intact membranes always exceeded 5·0 log CFU per ml in ASW microcosms at 4°C. After 80 days, cycle thresholds for V. parahaemolyticus ATCC 27969 were 16·15-16·69. During cold-starvation, PMA qPCR selectively excluded DNAs from heat-killed cells. However, there may be some penetration of PMA into undamaged cells that persisted in ASW for 150 days, as evidenced by their ability to resuscitate from a VBNC state after a temperature upshift (25°C); V. parahaemolyticus ATCC 33844 and V. parahaemolyticus ATCC 27969 were successfully reactivated from a VBNC state in ASW microcosms containing <5% NaCl, following enrichment in ASW medium (pH 7). SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: Few studies have evaluated the characteristics of and detection methods for viable but nonculturable (VBNC) Vibrio parahaemolyticus induced by cold-starvation. Currently, VBNC cells are routinely detected by SYTO9 and propidium iodide double staining. However, viable cell counts might be overestimated by this approach, suggesting that the fluorescence dyes may be ineffective for accurately determining the viability of bacterial cells. We demonstrated that quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction with propidium monoazide, which selectively permeates damaged cell membranes, can be used to obtain viable cell counts of V. parahaemolyticus after its evolution to a VBNC state under cold-starvation conditions.


Asunto(s)
Azidas/química , Microscopía Fluorescente/métodos , Propidio/análogos & derivados , Reacción en Cadena en Tiempo Real de la Polimerasa/métodos , Vibrio parahaemolyticus/aislamiento & purificación , Frío , Viabilidad Microbiana/efectos de los fármacos , Propidio/química , Vibrio parahaemolyticus/genética
4.
Psychol Med ; 48(6): 929-938, 2018 04.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28826415

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Scholars continue to argue about whether bipolar disorders (BD) and unipolar depression (UD) are distinguishable with regard to neurocognitive function. This study aims to explore the cognitive profiles of UD and BD by applying the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Affective Disorders (BAC-A) for neuropsychological assessment. METHOD: This cross-sectional study included 68 patients with UD, 67 patients with BD, and 135 healthy control subjects. We evaluated the participants' cognitive functions at euthymic status using the BAC-A, which is made up of six traditional cognitive subtests and the Affective Processing Test. We then used a discriminant function analysis (DFA) to determine whether cognitive performance can be used to distinguish these participant groups. RESULTS: Healthy controls demonstrated better performance in all subtests of the BAC-A than both the UD and BD patients, with the exception of delayed recognition of affective interference. Compared with the BD group, the UD group exhibited better performance in working memory and emotion inhibition. Furthermore, using all BAC-A indexes, a total of 70% of participants could be correctly classified using a DFA model, and the discriminating validity between UD and BD was superior to using either the traditional cognitive domains or the Affective Processing Test alone. CONCLUSIONS: We have found that UD patients may exhibit an intermediate performance between healthy subjects and BD patients in working memory and emotional inhibition tests. The BAC-A can potentially assist in differentiating BD patients from UD patients at euthymic status in clinical settings.


Asunto(s)
Trastorno Bipolar/diagnóstico , Trastorno Bipolar/psicología , Depresión/diagnóstico , Depresión/psicología , Adulto , Atención , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Cognición , Estudios Transversales , Emociones , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Pruebas Neuropsicológicas , Taiwán
5.
J Appl Microbiol ; 124(1): 241-253, 2018 Jan.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29044827

RESUMEN

AIM: In this study, the effects of the addition of salt to treatment with acids (one of several organic acids and salt in various solutions including rich or minimal broth, buffer, or distilled water) on the reduction of Escherichia coli O157:H7 were investigated. The protein expression profiles corresponding to acid stress (acetic acid) with or without salt addition were studied using a comparative proteomic analysis of E. coli O157:H7. METHODS AND RESULTS: When acetic, lactic, or propionic acid was combined with 3% NaCl, mutually antagonistic effects of acid and salt on viability of E. coli O157:H7 were observed only in tryptone and yeast extract broth. After exposure to acetic acid alone or in combination with salt, approximately 851 and 916 protein spots were detected, respectively. Analysis of 10 statistically significant differentially expressed proteins revealed that these proteins are mainly related to energy metabolism. CONCLUSIONS: When we compared protein expression of E. coli O157:H7 treated with acetic acid and the combination of the acid and salt, the differentially expressed proteins were not related to acid stress- and salt stress-inducible proteins such as stress shock proteins. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: According to these results, the increased resistance of E. coli O157:H7 to acetic acid after the addition of salt may not be the result of synthesis of proteins related to these phenomena; therefore, further research needs to be conducted to identify the mechanism of the mutually antagonistic effect of some organic acids and salt.


Asunto(s)
Ácidos/farmacología , Escherichia coli O157/efectos de los fármacos , Escherichia coli O157/crecimiento & desarrollo , Cloruro de Sodio/farmacología , Antiinfecciosos/farmacología , Recuento de Colonia Microbiana , Escherichia coli O157/genética , Escherichia coli O157/metabolismo , Proteínas de Escherichia coli/genética , Proteínas de Escherichia coli/metabolismo , Concentración de Iones de Hidrógeno , Proteómica
6.
Int Endod J ; 51(10): 1159-1170, 2018 Oct.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29635697

RESUMEN

AIM: To evaluate the effect of 2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-ß-D-glucoside (THSG) on cell proliferation and examine the mechanisms of THSG-enhanced proliferative potential in human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSC). METHODOLOGY: After treatment with THSG, hDPSC were collected. Cell viability was determined by MTS assay, while messenger RNA (mRNA) expressions of proliferation and stem cell markers were analyzed using real-time PCR. Flow cytometry was also conducted to analysis protein expression of stem cell markers. A colony-forming unit assay of hDPSC was carried out. Cellular telomerase activity was also identified using real-time PCR. In addition, proliferation-related proteins involved in the effects of THSG on hDPSC were analyzed by Western blotting. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and two-tailed Student's t-test. RESULTS: Cell viability, colony-forming rates and telomerase activities of hDPSCs were enhanced after THSG treatment. mRNA expressions of proliferation markers (including expressions of NAD+-dependent histone deacetylase sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), cyclin D1 and ribonucleotide reductase subunit M2 (RRM2)) increased significantly after THSG treatment (P < 0.05). Treatment with THSG for 3 h significantly augmented SIRT1 protein expression (P < 0.05). Furthermore, activities of proliferation-related proteins (including AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) had also significantly increased at 3 h (P < 0.05). After THSG treatment, increased gene and protein expressions of pluripotent-like stem cell markers (including NANOG, OCT4, and SOX2) were observed. CONCLUSIONS: 2,3,5,4'-Tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-ß-glucoside treatment enhanced the renewal ability and proliferative potential of hDPSCs via the AMPK/ERK/SIRT1 axis, which may provide a novel autogenic cell-based therapeutic strategy in regenerative dentistry.


Asunto(s)
Pulpa Dental/citología , Glucósidos/farmacología , Células Madre/efectos de los fármacos , Estilbenos/farmacología , Western Blotting , Proliferación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Supervivencia Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Pulpa Dental/efectos de los fármacos , Quinasas MAP Reguladas por Señal Extracelular/metabolismo , Expresión Génica , Humanos , Sistema de Señalización de MAP Quinasas/fisiología , ARN Mensajero/metabolismo , Reacción en Cadena en Tiempo Real de la Polimerasa , Sirtuina 1/metabolismo , Células Madre/fisiología
7.
Pharmacogenomics J ; 17(2): 155-161, 2017 03.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26856249

RESUMEN

This longitudinal study aimed to investigate the associations between the polymorphisms of guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit ß-3 (GNB3) C825T and metabolic disturbance in bipolar II disorder (BP-II) patients being treated with valproate (VPA). A 100 BP-II patients received a 12-week course of VPA treatment, and their body weight and metabolic indices were measured. At baseline, the GNB3 C825T polymorphisms were associated with the triglyceride level (P=0.032) in BP-II patients. During the VPA treatment course, the polymorphisms were not only associated with body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (P-values=0.009 and 0.001, respectively), but also with total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein and leptin levels (P-values=0.004, 0.002, 0.031 and 0.015, respectively). Patients with the TT genotype had a lower BMI, smaller waist circumference, and lower levels of lipids and leptin than those with the CT or CC genotypes undergoing the VPA treatment course.


Asunto(s)
Antimaníacos/efectos adversos , Trastorno Bipolar/tratamiento farmacológico , Dislipidemias/genética , Proteínas de Unión al GTP Heterotriméricas/genética , Obesidad/genética , Variantes Farmacogenómicas , Polimorfismo de Nucleótido Simple , Ácido Valproico/efectos adversos , Adulto , Biomarcadores/sangre , Trastorno Bipolar/diagnóstico , Trastorno Bipolar/psicología , Índice de Masa Corporal , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Dislipidemias/sangre , Dislipidemias/inducido químicamente , Dislipidemias/diagnóstico , Femenino , Frecuencia de los Genes , Estudios de Asociación Genética , Predisposición Genética a la Enfermedad , Heterocigoto , Homocigoto , Humanos , Leptina/sangre , Lípidos/sangre , Estudios Longitudinales , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Obesidad/inducido químicamente , Obesidad/diagnóstico , Fenotipo , Factores de Riesgo , Factores de Tiempo , Resultado del Tratamiento , Circunferencia de la Cintura , Adulto Joven
8.
Osteoporos Int ; 28(3): 1099-1108, 2017 03.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27866216

RESUMEN

Postmenopausal women with osteoporotic fracture (OF) had higher plasma dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 (DPP4) levels than those without. Furthermore, higher plasma DPP4 levels were significantly associated with higher bone turnover and a higher prevalence of OF. These results indicated that DPP4 may be associated with OF by mediating bone turnover rate. INTRODUCTION: Evidence indicates that dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 (DPP4) plays a distinct role in bone metabolism. However, there has been no report on the association, if any, between circulating DPP4 levels and osteoporosis-related phenotypes, including osteoporotic fracture (OF). Therefore, we performed a case-control study to investigate these associations in postmenopausal women. METHODS: This study was conducted in multiple centers in Korea. We enrolled 178 cases with OF and 178 age- and body mass index-matched controls. OF was assessed by an interviewer-assisted questionnaire and lateral thoracolumbar radiographs. Bone turnover markers (BTMs), bone mineral density (BMD), and plasma DPP4 levels were obtained in all subjects. RESULTS: After adjustment for potential confounders, subjects with OF had significantly higher DPP4 levels than those without (P = 0.021). Higher DPP4 levels were significantly positively associated with higher levels of all BTMs, but not with BMD at all measured sites. The differences in DPP4 levels according to OF status disappeared after an additional adjustment for each BTM, but not after adjustment for any BMD values. BTMs explained approximately half of the relationship between DPP4 and OF. The risk of OF was 3.80-fold (95% confidence interval = 1.53-9.42) higher in subjects in the highest DPP4 quartile than in those in the lowest quartile after adjustment for potential confounders, including femoral neck BMD. CONCLUSIONS: DPP4 may be associated with OF by at least partly mediating the bone turnover rate. Circulating DPP4 levels may be a potential biomarker that could increase the predictive power of current fracture risk assessment models.


Asunto(s)
Dipeptidil Peptidasa 4/sangre , Osteoporosis Posmenopáusica/enzimología , Fracturas Osteoporóticas/enzimología , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Biomarcadores/sangre , Densidad Ósea/fisiología , Remodelación Ósea/fisiología , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Pruebas Enzimáticas Clínicas/métodos , Femenino , Cuello Femoral/fisiopatología , Humanos , Vértebras Lumbares/fisiopatología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Osteoporosis Posmenopáusica/complicaciones , Osteoporosis Posmenopáusica/fisiopatología , Fracturas Osteoporóticas/etiología , Fracturas Osteoporóticas/fisiopatología , Medición de Riesgo/métodos
9.
Allergy ; 72(3): 507-510, 2017 Mar.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27892597

RESUMEN

Peanut (PN) and tree nuts (TNs) are common causes of anaphylaxis in Western countries, but no information is available in Korea. To feature clinical characteristics of anaphylaxis caused by PN, TNs, and seeds, a retrospective medical record review was performed in 14 university hospitals in Korea (2009-2013). One hundred and twenty-six cases were identified, with the mean age of 4.9 years. PN, walnut (WN), and pine nut accounted for 32.5%, 41.3%, and 7.1%, respectively. The median values of specific IgE (sIgE) to PN, WN, and pine nut were 10.50, 8.74, and 4.61 kUA /l, respectively. Among 50 cases managed in the emergency department, 52.0% were treated with epinephrine, 66.0% with steroid, 94.0% with antihistamines, 36.0% with oxygen, and 48.0% with bronchodilator. In conclusion, WN, PN, and pine nut were the three most common triggers of anaphylaxis in Korean children, and anaphylaxis could occur at remarkably low levels of sIgE.


Asunto(s)
Anafilaxia/epidemiología , Anafilaxia/etiología , Hipersensibilidad a Nueces y Cacahuetes/epidemiología , Semillas/efectos adversos , Adolescente , Alérgenos/inmunología , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Humanos , Inmunoglobulina E/sangre , Inmunoglobulina E/inmunología , Lactante , Masculino , Hipersensibilidad a Nueces y Cacahuetes/inmunología
10.
Mol Biol (Mosk) ; 51(1): 104-110, 2017.
Artículo en Ruso | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28251972

RESUMEN

Both zinc and the α-subunit of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF-1α) play important roles in the remodelling of mammary gland tissues. In the present study, we examined the level and the transcriptional activity of HIF-1α in mammary cells upon zinc treatment. In MCF-7 mammary adenocarcinoma and MCF-10A mammary epithelial cell lines, the toxicity levels of zinc differ. Interestingly, both cell lines overexpress HIF-1α following zinc treatment. As it was evident from an up-regulation of its specific target gene CA9 that encodes carbonic anhydrase IX, the stabilized HIF-1α translocated to the nucleus and was transcriptionally active. Hence, we conclude that zinc causes normoxic accumulation of transcriptionally active HIF-1α by interfering with its post-translational regulation.


Asunto(s)
Células Epiteliales , Subunidad alfa del Factor 1 Inducible por Hipoxia/metabolismo , Zinc/farmacología , Antígenos de Neoplasias , Anhidrasa Carbónica IX , Núcleo Celular , Humanos , Subunidad alfa del Factor 1 Inducible por Hipoxia/genética , Células MCF-7
11.
Int J Obes (Lond) ; 40(3): 460-70, 2016 Mar.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26395748

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Various pathogens are implicated in the induction of obesity. Previous studies have confirmed that human adenovirus 36 (Ad36) is associated with increased adiposity, improved glycemic control and induction of inflammation. The Ad36-induced inflammation is reflected in the infiltration of macrophages into adipose tissue. However, the characteristics and role of adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) and macrophage-secreted factors in virus-induced obesity (VIO) are unclear. Although insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is involved in obesity metabolism, the contribution of IGF secreted by macrophages in VIO has not been studied. METHODS: Four-week-old male mice were studied 1 week and 12 weeks after Ad36 infection for determining the characteristics of ATMs in VIO and diet-induced obesity (DIO). In addition, macrophage-specific IGF-1-deficient (MIKO) mice were used to study the involvement of IGF-1 in VIO. RESULTS: In the early stage of VIO (1 week after Ad36 infection), the M1 ATM sub-population increased, which increased the M1/M2 ratio, whereas DIO did not cause this change. In the late stage of VIO (12 weeks after Ad36 infection), the M1/M2 ratio did not change because the M1 and M2 ATM sub-populations increased to a similar extent, despite an increase in adiposity. By contrast, DIO increased the M1/M2 ratio. In addition, VIO in wild-type mice upregulated angiogenesis in adipose tissue and improved glycemic control. However, MIKO mice showed no increase in adiposity, angiogenesis, infiltration of macrophages into adipose tissue, or improvement in glycemic control after Ad36 infection. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that IGF-1 secreted by macrophages may contribute to hyperplasia and hypertrophy in adipose tissue by increasing angiogenesis, which helps to maintain the 'adipose tissue robustness'.


Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Adenoviridae/patología , Adenoviridae/metabolismo , Tejido Adiposo/metabolismo , Inflamación/patología , Factor I del Crecimiento Similar a la Insulina/metabolismo , Macrófagos/metabolismo , Obesidad/patología , Animales , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Hiperplasia/patología , Hipertrofia/patología , Activación de Macrófagos , Masculino , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Obesidad/metabolismo
12.
Br J Surg ; 103(10): 1253-8, 2016 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27511619

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Case series are an important and common study type. No guideline exists for reporting case series and there is evidence of key data being missed from such reports. The first step in the process of developing a methodologically sound reporting guideline is a systematic review of literature relevant to the reporting deficiencies of case series. METHODS: A systematic review of methodological and reporting quality in surgical case series was performed. The electronic search strategy was developed by an information specialist and included MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Methods Register, Science Citation Index and Conference Proceedings Citation index, from the start of indexing to 5 November 2014. Independent screening, eligibility assessments and data extraction were performed. Included articles were then analysed for five areas of deficiency: failure to use standardized definitions, missing or selective data (including the omission of whole cases or important variables), transparency or incomplete reporting, whether alternative study designs were considered, and other issues. RESULTS: Database searching identified 2205 records. Through the process of screening and eligibility assessments, 92 articles met inclusion criteria. Frequencies of methodological and reporting issues identified were: failure to use standardized definitions (57 per cent), missing or selective data (66 per cent), transparency or incomplete reporting (70 per cent), whether alternative study designs were considered (11 per cent) and other issues (52 per cent). CONCLUSION: The methodological and reporting quality of surgical case series needs improvement. The data indicate that evidence-based guidelines for the conduct and reporting of case series may be useful.


Asunto(s)
Estudios de Cohortes , Proyectos de Investigación/normas , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Operativos , Humanos
13.
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand ; 60(9): 1281-8, 2016 Oct.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27377041

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Few studies investigated the optimal timing for tracheostomy and its influence on the clinical outcomes in critically ill pediatric patients. This study evaluated the differences in clinical outcomes between early and late tracheostomy in pediatric intensive care unit (ICU) patients. METHODS: We assessed 111 pediatric patients. Patients who underwent a tracheostomy within 14 days of mechanical ventilation (MV) were assigned to the early tracheostomy group, whereas those who underwent tracheostomy after 14 days of MV were included in the late tracheostomy group. Clinical outcomes, including mortality, duration of MV, length of ICU and hospital stays, and incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) were compared between the groups. RESULTS: Of the 111 pediatric patients, 61 and 50 were included in the early and late tracheostomy groups, respectively. Total MV duration and the length of ICU and hospital stay were significantly longer in the late tracheostomy group than in the early tracheostomy group (all P < 0.01). The VAP rate per 1000 ventilator days before tracheostomy was 2.6 and 3.8 in the early and late tracheostomy groups, respectively. There were no significant differences in mortality rate between the groups. No severe complications were associated with tracheostomy itself. CONCLUSIONS: Tracheostomy performed within 14 days after the initiation of MV was associated with reduced duration of MV and length of ICU and hospital stay. Although there was no effect on mortality rate, children may benefit from early tracheostomy without severe complications.


Asunto(s)
Enfermedad Crítica , Traqueostomía , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Humanos , Lactante , Unidades de Cuidado Intensivo Pediátrico , Tiempo de Internación , Masculino , Neumonía Asociada al Ventilador/epidemiología , Factores de Tiempo , Traqueostomía/mortalidad
14.
Acta Virol ; 60(3): 298-306, 2016.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27640440

RESUMEN

Obesity is a metabolic disease characterized by low-level chronic inflammation. Obese individuals are susceptible to infection by viruses, and vaccination against these pathogens is less effective than in nonobese individuals. Here, we sought to explore the immunological environment in a mouse model of obesity induced by a high-fat diet (HFD). HFD treatment increased the body weight and epididymal fat mass. The proportion of activated B cells, T cells, and macrophages was similar between mice in the HFD group and the regular-fat diet (RFD) group. The Th1 cell subpopulation in the HFD group was increased, whereas the proportion of Treg cells was reduced compared with the RFD group. Moreover, T-cell proliferation and cytokine production did not differ between the groups when cells were stimulated with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 antibodies in vitro. In macrophages, phagocytic activity was higher in mice fed an HFD than in those fed an RFD, but expression levels of CD86 and MHC class II antigens were similar. When macrophages were cultured in vitro, the proportion of CD86-expressing macrophages was lower in those isolated from mice in the HFD group than in those isolated from the RFD group. Furthermore, lipopolysaccharide-induced interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha secretions were significantly reduced in macrophages isolated from the HFD group. In addition, influenza vaccine-induced antibodies in the HFD group diminished more rapidly than in the RFD group. These results suggest that poor functionality of macrophages during obesity might contribute to a reduction in vaccine efficacy.


Asunto(s)
Anticuerpos Antivirales/sangre , Dieta/efectos adversos , Grasas de la Dieta/administración & dosificación , Vacunas contra la Influenza/inmunología , Macrófagos/fisiología , Obesidad/inmunología , Animales , Citocinas/efectos de los fármacos , Citocinas/metabolismo , Grasas de la Dieta/efectos adversos , Lipopolisacáridos , Masculino , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Obesidad/etiología
15.
Allergy ; 70(6): 625-37, 2015 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25649510

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Patients with a previous history of hypersensitivity reaction (HSR) to iodinated contrast media (ICM) are at high risk of the development of HSR to ICM. Many studies have tried to evaluate the diagnostic potential of skin tests in this population but have not yet reached a common conclusion. We investigated the role of skin tests in patients with HSR to ICM in terms of positive rate, cross-reactivity rate, and tolerability to skin test-negative ICM according to the type of HSR. METHODS: We performed literature searches of the MEDLINE and EMBASE databases and included studies where skin tests were performed in patients with HSR to ICM, with extractable outcomes. Outcomes were pooled using a random-effects model. RESULTS: Twenty-one studies were included. Pooled per-patient positive rates of skin tests were 17% (95% CI, 10-26%) in patients with immediate HSR, and up to 52% (95% CI, 31-72%) when confined to severe immediate HSR. Among patients with nonimmediate HSR, the positive rate was 26% (95% CI, 15-41%). The pooled per-patient cross-reactivity rate was higher in nonimmediate HSR (68%; 95% CI, 48-83%) than that in immediate HSR (39%; 95% CI, 29-50%). Median per-test cross-reactivity rates between pairs of ICM were 7% (IQR, 6-9%) in immediate HSR and 38% (IQR, 22-51%) in nonimmediate HSR. Pooled per-patient recurrence rates of HSR to skin test-negative ICM were 7% (95% CI, 4-14%) in immediate HSR and 35% (95% CI, 19-55%) in nonimmediate HSR. CONCLUSION: Skin tests may be helpful in diagnosing and managing patients with HSR to ICM, especially in patients with severe immediate HSR.


Asunto(s)
Medios de Contraste/efectos adversos , Hipersensibilidad a las Drogas/diagnóstico , Hipersensibilidad Tardía/diagnóstico , Hipersensibilidad Inmediata/diagnóstico , Compuestos de Yodo/efectos adversos , Reacciones Cruzadas , Hipersensibilidad a las Drogas/etiología , Humanos , Hipersensibilidad Tardía/inducido químicamente , Hipersensibilidad Inmediata/inducido químicamente , Pruebas Cutáneas
16.
Mol Psychiatry ; 19(10): 1133-42, 2014 Oct.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24934177

RESUMEN

Intellectual disabilities (IDs) and autism spectrum disorders link to human APC inactivating gene mutations. However, little is known about adenomatous polyposis coli's (APC's) role in the mammalian brain. This study is the first direct test of the impact of APC loss on central synapses, cognition and behavior. Using our newly generated APC conditional knock-out (cKO) mouse, we show that deletion of this single gene in forebrain neurons leads to a multisyndromic neurodevelopmental disorder. APC cKO mice, compared with wild-type littermates, exhibit learning and memory impairments, and autistic-like behaviors (increased repetitive behaviors, reduced social interest). To begin to elucidate neuronal changes caused by APC loss, we focused on the hippocampus, a key brain region for cognitive function. APC cKO mice display increased synaptic spine density, and altered synaptic function (increased frequency of miniature excitatory synaptic currents, modestly enhanced long-term potentiation). In addition, we found excessive ß-catenin levels and associated changes in canonical Wnt target gene expression and N-cadherin synaptic adhesion complexes, including reduced levels of presenilin1. Our findings identify some novel functional and molecular changes not observed previously in other genetic mutant mouse models of co-morbid cognitive and autistic-like disabilities. This work thereby has important implications for potential therapeutic targets and the impact of their modulation. We provide new insights into molecular perturbations and cell types that are relevant to human ID and autism. In addition, our data elucidate a novel role for APC in the mammalian brain as a hub that links to and regulates synaptic adhesion and signal transduction pathways critical for normal cognition and behavior.


Asunto(s)
Proteína de la Poliposis Adenomatosa del Colon/metabolismo , Trastorno Autístico/fisiopatología , Trastornos del Conocimiento/fisiopatología , Proteína de la Poliposis Adenomatosa del Colon/genética , Animales , Trastorno Autístico/patología , Cadherinas/metabolismo , Trastornos del Conocimiento/patología , Espinas Dendríticas/patología , Espinas Dendríticas/fisiología , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Potenciales Postsinápticos Excitadores/fisiología , Hipocampo/patología , Hipocampo/fisiopatología , Potenciación a Largo Plazo/fisiología , Masculino , Aprendizaje por Laberinto/fisiología , Ratones Noqueados , Potenciales Postsinápticos Miniatura/fisiología , Células Piramidales/patología , Células Piramidales/fisiopatología , Conducta Social , Memoria Espacial/fisiología , Conducta Estereotipada/fisiología , Sinapsis/patología , Sinapsis/fisiología , Vía de Señalización Wnt/fisiología , beta Catenina/metabolismo
17.
Acta Psychiatr Scand ; 131(2): 120-8, 2015 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25131388

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is thought to be involved in the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder (BD) and metabolic syndrome. We investigated the correlation between plasma BDNF with mood symptoms and metabolic indices in patients with BD-II over a 12-week pharmacological intervention. METHOD: Drug-naïve patients with BD-II (n=117) were recruited. Metabolic profiles [cholesterol, triglyceride, HbA1C, fasting serum glucose, body mass index (BMI)] and plasma BDNF wtrun "tblautotrun "tblsctrun "tbl_contere measured at baseline and 2, 8, and 12 weeks after beginning medication. To adjust within-subject dependence over repeated assessments, multiple linear regressions with generalized estimating equation methods were used. RESULTS: Seventy-six (65.0%) patients completed the intervention. Plasma BDNF levels were significantly associated with BMI (P=9.6E-5), low-density lipoprotein (P=0.034) and total (P=0.001) cholesterol, but not with the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale-17 and Young Mania Rating Scale scores over the 12-week treatment. CONCLUSION: We found initial evidence of a positive correlation between plasma BDNF levels and BMI, low-density lipoprotein and total cholesterol in drug-naïve patients with BD-II. The specific function of BDNF in regulating and maintaining peripheral metabolic health requires additional investigation.


Asunto(s)
Trastorno Bipolar/sangre , Trastorno Bipolar/tratamiento farmacológico , Factor Neurotrófico Derivado del Encéfalo/sangre , Adulto , Afecto/efectos de los fármacos , Trastorno Bipolar/psicología , Índice de Masa Corporal , Colesterol/sangre , Femenino , Fluoxetina/uso terapéutico , Humanos , Modelos Lineales , Lipoproteínas LDL/sangre , Estudios Longitudinales , Lorazepam/uso terapéutico , Masculino , Síndrome Metabólico/sangre , Síndrome Metabólico/metabolismo , Escalas de Valoración Psiquiátrica , Resultado del Tratamiento , Ácido Valproico/uso terapéutico
18.
J Appl Microbiol ; 119(2): 455-64, 2015 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25973744

RESUMEN

AIM: In this study, the effectiveness of combining each of seven types of acids with 3% salt as a treatment against pathogens was investigated in laboratory media and acidified food. METHODS AND RESULTS: When 0.5% malic, 0.5% tartaric, 0.5% citric or 0.25% phosphoric acid was combined with 3% salt, there was a higher reduction in Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella Typhimurium) compared to when using acid alone. However, when 0.5% acetic, 0.5% propionic or 0.25% lactic acid was combined with 3% salt, the salt provided protection against the acid treatment. However, the antagonistic effects of acetic, propionic and lactic acid seen with Gram-negative bacteria were not observed in Listeria monocytogenes. Antagonistic effects were similarly observed when E. coli O157:H7 was treated with acetic acid and salt in food. CONCLUSIONS: These results show that the addition of salt increases the resistance of Gram-negative bacteria to acid treatments when using acetic, propionic and lactic acid. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: This study shows that antagonistic effects were observed when Gram-negative bacteria were treated with organic acids of simple structure. It may provide useful information for understanding the acid resistance mechanism of Gram-negative bacteria and developing methods for preserving acidified food.


Asunto(s)
Ácidos/farmacología , Bacterias/efectos de los fármacos , Conservación de Alimentos/métodos , Cloruro de Sodio/farmacología , Verduras/microbiología , Ácidos/análisis , Bacterias/crecimiento & desarrollo , Bacterias/metabolismo , Medios de Cultivo/química , Medios de Cultivo/metabolismo , Microbiología de Alimentos , Cloruro de Sodio/análisis
19.
J Endocrinol Invest ; 38(8): 891-9, 2015 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25841894

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: It was recently reported that G protein-coupled receptor 65 (GPR65) suppresses ovariectomy-induced bone loss. AIM: The present study investigated the role of the lysosphingolipid psychosine, a GPR65 ligand, on osteoclastic differentiation and bone resorption. METHODS: Osteoclasts were differentiated from mouse bone marrow macrophages. Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive multinucleated cells were considered to be osteoclasts, and the resorption area was measured by incubating the cells on dentine discs. The expression levels of osteoclast differentiation markers were assessed by qRT-PCR. GPR65 siRNA and its scrambled siRNA were transfected with lipofectamine. Intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels were assessed using a direct enzyme immunoassay. RESULTS: Psychosine inhibited osteoclastogenesis and in vitro bone resorption without any significant effect on the viability of pre-osteoclasts, decreased the expression of osteoclast differentiation markers significantly, and increased intracellular cAMP levels. The knockdown of GPR65 by its siRNA restored osteoclastogenesis and decreased cAMP levels in the presence of psychosine. CONCLUSION: Psychosine inhibits osteoclastogenesis by increasing intracellular cAMP levels via GPR65.


Asunto(s)
Resorción Ósea/metabolismo , Resorción Ósea/prevención & control , Osteoclastos/efectos de los fármacos , Psicosina/farmacología , Animales , Supervivencia Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Supervivencia Celular/fisiología , Células Cultivadas , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Osteoclastos/fisiología , Psicosina/uso terapéutico , Receptores Acoplados a Proteínas G/metabolismo
20.
Allergy ; 69(4): 479-87, 2014 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24428419

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: As Korea has experienced rapid economic development, the lifestyles of Koreans have become more Westernized, in terms of urbanization and dietary habits. Also, the prevalences of allergic diseases, such as rhinitis, asthma, and dermatitis, have increased rapidly. This study aimed to identify the factors influencing the symptoms of rhinitis conditions, including rhinitis, allergic rhinitis, overlapped rhinitis, and overlapped allergic rhinitis, among Korean children aged 6-7 years. METHODS: The study subjects were drawn from participants in the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) study in 2010 and were aged 6-7 years. We analysed data for a total of 3804 children. RESULTS: The prevalences of symptoms suggestive of rhinitis and allergic rhinitis in the previous 12 months were 43.4% and 22.1%, respectively. For overlapped rhinitis and overlapped allergic rhinitis, only 2.5% and 1.9% of the children had overlapping symptoms, having rhinitis with asthma and eczema simultaneously. Gender, a parental history of allergic disease, mould or dampness at home, and the risk factors for 'sick building syndrome' (SBS) were risk factors influencing rhinitis diseases. In particular, a history of moving to a newly built home in the child's infancy was strongly associated with symptoms of all the rhinitis diseases examined. CONCLUSIONS: This study identified patterns of the prevalence of rhinitis conditions among Korean children that were similar to those reported in Western countries. We confirmed that a history of moving to a newly built home during infancy was associated with a considerable risk of rhinitis conditions.


Asunto(s)
Rinitis/epidemiología , Rinitis/etiología , Niño , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Oportunidad Relativa , Prevalencia , República de Corea/epidemiología , Rinitis Alérgica , Rinitis Alérgica Perenne/epidemiología , Rinitis Alérgica Perenne/etiología , Factores de Riesgo , Encuestas y Cuestionarios
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