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1.
Nutr Neurosci ; 25(3): 472-484, 2022 Mar.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32401697

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVES: Neuroinflammation is a complex inflammatory process in the central nervous system (CNS) where microglia may play a critical role. GPETAFLR is a peptide isolated from Lupinus angustifolius L. protein hydrolysates with functional activity in mononuclear phagocytes. However, it is unknown whether GPETAFLR has neuroprotective effects. METHODS: We analysed the potential anti-neuroinflammatory activity of GPETAFLR by using two different models of neuroinflammation: BV-2 microglial cells and mice with high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity. RESULTS: GPETAFLR hampered LPS-induced upregulation of pro-inflammatory and M1 marker genes in BV-2 cells. This effect was accompanied by an unchanged expression of anti-inflammatory IL-10 gene and by an increased expression of M2 marker genes. GPETAFLR also increased the transcriptional activity of M2 marker genes, while the microglia population remained unchanged in number and M1/M2 status in brain of mice with high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity. Furthermore, GPETAFLR counteracted HFD-induced downregulation of IL-10 and upregulation of pro-inflammatory markers in the mouse brain, both at gene and protein levels. DISCUSSION: This is the first report describing that a peptide from plant origin robustly restrained the pro-inflammatory activation of microglial cells in cultures and in brain. Our data suggest that GPETAFLR might be instrumental in maintaining CNS homeostasis by inhibiting neuroinflammation.


Asunto(s)
Lupinus , Microglía , Animales , Encéfalo/metabolismo , Citocinas/metabolismo , Inflamación/inducido químicamente , Lipopolisacáridos/farmacología , Lupinus/metabolismo , Ratones , Neuroprotección , Péptidos
2.
Foods ; 13(13)2024 Jun 27.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38998552

RESUMEN

Sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L.) is an under-exploited crop with great potential due to its nutritional and medicinal characteristics. A Sacha inchi protein isolate (SII), obtained from defatted Sacha inchi flour (SIF), was hydrolyzed by Bioprotease LA 660 under specific conditions. The hydrolysates were characterized chemically, and their digestibility and antioxidant capacity were evaluated by in vitro cell-free experiments to select the hydrolysate with major antioxidant activity. Sacha inchi protein hydrolysate at 20 min (SIH20B) was selected, and the anti-inflammatory capacity was evaluated by RT-qPCR and ELISA techniques, using two different doses in monocytes THP-1 stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The results obtained showed that the in vitro administration of SIH20B down-regulated the TNF-α gene and reduced the release of this cytokine, whereas the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 and IL-4 were up-regulated in LPS-stimulated monocytes and co-administrated with SIH20B. The peptides contained in SIH20B were identified, and the 20 more relatively abundant peptides with a mass by 1 kDa were subjected to in silico analysis to hypothesize those that could be responsible for the bioactivity reported in the hydrolysate. From the identified peptides, the peptides AAGALKKFL and LGVKFKGGL, among others, are proposed as the most biologically actives. In conclusion, SIH20B is a novel, natural source of high-value-added biopeptides that could be used as an ingredient in formulations of food or nutraceutical compounds.

3.
Food Chem ; 420: 136104, 2023 Sep 15.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37059020

RESUMEN

Lupins are an interesting source of nutrients, part of the Fabaceae family. More specifically, narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) is a legume, largely produced in Australia, which is used both for human food and animal fodder. There is a growing interest in plant proteins-derived products due to benefits for the ecosystem and lower production costs compared to traditional animal sources of protein. This review aimed to summarize major and minor chemical components in Lupinus angustifolius L., and potential health benefits of this plant and product thereof. In particular, the protein fraction of Lupinus and their biological properties are described. L. angustifolius seed and proteins by-products can be used as a valuable source of high value-added compounds for diverse food products with the goal to maximize its economic value.


Asunto(s)
Lupinus , Animales , Humanos , Lupinus/química , Ecosistema , Semillas/química , Australia
4.
J Nutr Biochem ; 107: 109057, 2022 09.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35609857

RESUMEN

Obesity is associated with disruptions in the adaptive immune system; however, dietary fatty acids in high-fat diets (HFDs) that induce obesity have consequences that are currently unclear regarding T-cell maintenance in bone marrow (BM). C57BL/6J mice were randomly assigned to isocaloric HFDs formulated with dietary fats rich in saturated fatty acids (SFAs), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), or MUFAs supplemented with eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids for 20 weeks, followed by an analysis of the immunophenotypic feature of lymphocytes (CD3+) T and their subsets CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in spleen and BM, identification of fatty acids in BM extracellular fluid and analysis of the correspondence between fatty acids with the frequency of T-cell subsets in BM. Splenic CD3+ T cells were reduced irrespective of HFDs. In BM, CD3+ T cells were reduced after HFD-SFAs, while CD4+ T cells were increased after HFDs enriched in MUFAs and CD8+ T cells were reduced irrespective of HFDs. In BM extracellular fluid, the content of palmitic and myristic acids increased after HFD-SFAs and that of oleic acid increased after HFDs enriched in MUFAs. There was a statistical correspondence between HFD-induced changes in fatty acids in BM extracellular fluid and HFD-induced changes in the frequency of CD3+ and CD4+ T cells in BM. These findings reveal an undervalued critical role for dietary fatty acids in the selective acquisition of T-cell subsets in BM, highlighting that oleic acid existing in the surroundings of T-cell niches during HFD-induced obesity could be instrumental in the maintenance of CD4+ T cells.


Asunto(s)
Dieta Alta en Grasa , Ácidos Grasos , Animales , Médula Ósea/química , Linfocitos T CD4-Positivos , Linfocitos T CD8-positivos , Dieta Alta en Grasa/efectos adversos , Ácidos Grasos/análisis , Ácidos Grasos Monoinsaturados , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Obesidad/etiología , Ácidos Oléicos
5.
Mol Nutr Food Res ; 65(16): e2001203, 2021 08.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34132459

RESUMEN

SCOPE: The role of dietary fatty acids in the generation of bone marrow (BM) immune cells and their trafficking to extramedullary compartments in the obesity is not yet fully understood. METHODS AND RESULTS: C57BL/6J mice are randomly assigned to isocaloric high-fat diets (HFDs) formulate with dietary fats rich in saturated fatty acids (SFAs), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) or MUFAs fortified with eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids for 20 weeks, followed by profiling of the obese metabolic phenotype and immunophenotypic features of immune cells in blood, spleen, and BM. All HFDs induce an obese phenotype, but it becomes largely less disruptive after the HFDs are enriched in MUFAs, which also induce signs of granulopoiesis and an expansion of long-term hematopoietic stem and granulocyte-macrophage progenitor cells in BM. In contrast, a HFD enriched in SFAs disturbs the fitness of medullary lymphocytes and promotes monopoiesis in favor of pro-inflammatory activated subsets. CONCLUSION: The reshaping of the fatty acid pools with MUFAs from the diet serves to manipulate the generation and trafficking of immune cells that are biased during obesity. These findings reveal a novel strategy by which dietary MUFAs may be instrumental in combating HFD-induced dysfunctional immune systems.


Asunto(s)
Linaje de la Célula , Dieta Alta en Grasa/efectos adversos , Ácidos Grasos Monoinsaturados/farmacología , Células Madre Hematopoyéticas/citología , Obesidad/prevención & control , Animales , Médula Ósea , Grasas de la Dieta , Ácidos Docosahexaenoicos , Ácido Eicosapentaenoico , Ácidos Grasos , Hematopoyesis , Sistema Inmunológico/fisiopatología , Masculino , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Nicho de Células Madre
6.
J Nutr Biochem ; 75: 108248, 2020 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31707281

RESUMEN

Inhibiting M1 microglia phenotype while stimulating the M2 microglia has been suggested as a potential therapeutic approach for the treatment of neuroinflammatory diseases. Our hypothesis is that the type of dietary fatty acids (FAs) into human postprandial triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRLs) could modulate the plasticity of microglia. We isolated TRLs at the postprandial hypertriglyceridemic peak from blood samples of healthy volunteers after the ingestion of a meal rich in saturated FAs (SFAs), monounsaturated FAs (MUFAs) or MUFAs plus omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated FAs. We observed that postprandial TRL-MUFAs enhance M2 microglia polarization, whereas postprandial TRL-SFAs made polarized microglia prone to an M1 phenotype. In addition, in contrast to dietary SFAs, dietary MUFAs primed for a reduced proinflammatory profile in the brain of mice fed with the different FA-enriched diets. Our study underlines a role of postprandial TRLs as a metabolic entity in regulating the plasticity of microglia and brings an understanding of the mechanisms by which dietary FAs are environmental factors fostering the innate immune responsiveness. These exciting findings open opportunities for developing nutraceutical strategies with olive oil as the principal source of MUFAs, notably oleic acid, to prevent development and progression of neuroinflammation-related diseases.


Asunto(s)
Ácidos Grasos/metabolismo , Lipoproteínas/metabolismo , Microglía/citología , Periodo Posprandial , Triglicéridos/metabolismo , Adulto , Animales , Supervivencia Celular , Células Cultivadas , Suplementos Dietéticos , Femenino , Citometría de Flujo , Humanos , Inmunidad Innata , Inflamación , Lipoproteínas/sangre , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Microglía/metabolismo , Aceite de Oliva/química , Fenotipo , Triglicéridos/sangre
7.
Food Funct ; 11(4): 2943-2952, 2020 Apr 30.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32267269

RESUMEN

Bioactive peptides are related to the prevention and treatment of many diseases. GPETAFLR is an octapeptide that has been isolated from lupine (Lupinus angustifolius L.) and shows anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential activity of GPETAFLR to prevent non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. C57BL/6J mice were fed a standard diet or HFD. Two of the groups fed the HFD diet were treated with GPETAFLR in drinking water at 0.5 mg kg-1 day-1 or 1 mg kg-1 day-1. To determine the ability of GPETAFLR to improve the onset and progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, histological studies, hepatic enzyme profiles, inflammatory cytokine and lipid metabolism-related genes and proteins were analysed. Our results suggested that HFD-induced inflammatory metabolic disorders were alleviated by treatment with GPETAFLR. In conclusion, dietary lupine consumption can repair HFD-induced hepatic damage possibly via modifications of liver's lipid signalling pathways.


Asunto(s)
Antiinflamatorios/efectos adversos , Dieta Alta en Grasa , Lupinus , Enfermedad del Hígado Graso no Alcohólico/prevención & control , Obesidad , Extractos Vegetales/administración & dosificación , Administración Oral , Animales , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Alimentos Funcionales , Masculino , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Distribución Aleatoria
8.
Food Funct ; 10(6): 3303-3311, 2019 Jun 19.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31094410

RESUMEN

The present study aimed to test the mechanisms by which GPETAFLR, released from the enzymatic hydrolysis of lupine protein, may modulate the inflammatory response and plasticity in human primary monocytes. Human circulating monocytes and mature macrophages were used to analyze the effects of GPETAFLR on plasticity and inflammatory response using biochemical, flow cytometry, quantitative real-time PCR, and ELISA assays. GPETAFLR skewed the monocyte plasticity towards the anti-inflammatory non-classical CD14+CD16++ monocyte subset and reduced the inflammatory competence of LPS-treated human monocytes diminishing IL-1ß, IL-6, and TNF-α and increasing IL-10 production and gene expression. Results showed that GPETAFLR decreased the frequency of the LPS-induced activated monocyte population (CD14++CD16-), diminished monocyte activation involved down-regulation of CCR2 mRNA expression and protein expression, and decreased gene expression of the LPS-induced chemoattractant mediator CCL2. Our findings imply a new understanding of the mechanisms by which GPETAFLR favor a continuous and gradual plasticity process in the human monocyte/macrophage system and offer novel benefits derived from the consumption of Lupinus angustifolius L. in the prevention of inflammatory-related diseases.


Asunto(s)
Lupinus/química , Monocitos/efectos de los fármacos , Péptidos/farmacología , Proteínas de Plantas/química , Humanos , Interleucina-1beta/genética , Interleucina-1beta/inmunología , Interleucina-6/genética , Interleucina-6/inmunología , Macrófagos/efectos de los fármacos , Macrófagos/inmunología , Monocitos/inmunología , Péptidos/química , Péptidos/aislamiento & purificación , Hidrolisados de Proteína/química , Receptores CCR2/genética , Receptores CCR2/inmunología , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/genética , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/inmunología
9.
J Food Biochem ; 43(11): e12995, 2019 11.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31659814

RESUMEN

GPETAFLR, an octapeptide released from the enzymatic hydrolysis of lupine (Lupinus angustifolius L.) protein, has demonstrated anti-inflammatory effect in myeloid lineage. This work aims to evaluate in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells the protective role of GPETAFLR on both oxidative and inflammatory markers known to be involved in age-related macular degeneration (AMD). In comparison with stimulated control cells, GPETAFLR increased glutathione production and diminished the secretion and gene expression of VEFG, IL-1ß, IL-6, IFNγ, and TNF-α, as well as reactive oxygen species, and nitrite output. Our findings reveal that GPETAFLR, a novel plant peptide, is able to protect against RPE oxidative stress and inflammation. Taken together, these results strongly support innovative nutritional strategies considering Lupinus angustifolius L. as source of proteins to prevent the onset and progression of AMD. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: We reveal a novel nutraceutical impact of GPETAFLR peptide in human RPE cells to prevent oxidative and inflammatory mediators. Our results support that the intake of Lupine angustifolius L., proposed to be a reservoir of GPETAFLR, could lessen the functional decay of RPE cells, leading therefore to a slowdown of the progress of AMD during age. Not only this work, but also future simple clinical studies should raise new nutritional strategies focused on understanding the etiological role of the foods, nutrition, and metabolism in the pathogenesis of ocular disorders.


Asunto(s)
Antiinflamatorios/farmacología , Inflamación/prevención & control , Lupinus/química , Oligopéptidos/farmacología , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacos , Sustancias Protectoras/farmacología , Antiinflamatorios/química , Citocinas/metabolismo , Humanos , Oligopéptidos/química , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno/metabolismo , Epitelio Pigmentado de la Retina/efectos de los fármacos , Epitelio Pigmentado de la Retina/metabolismo
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