RESUMEN
The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of different serological markers of hepatitis A, B and C viruses and Treponema pallidum among the adult population of Argentina. To achieve this, adults who attended health services for premarital exams (which are mandatory and includes screening for syphilis) were recruited. A cross-sectional study was designed with a cluster sampling strategy. Couples who attended selected health services for premarital screening between 2013 and 2014 in Buenos Aires, Cordoba, Mendoza and Santa Fe provinces were included. A total of 3833 individuals were recruited. Anti-HAV prevalence was 63.9%, anti-HCV 0.3%, anti-HBc (without HBsAg) 1.9%, HBsAg 0.3%, and T pallidum 0.8%. Anti-HAV was higher among older participants, foreigners and those from the lower strata. HBV increased with age and was higher among foreigners and those with lower formal educational level. Anti-HCV frequency increased with age. Premarital screening of viral hepatitis could constitute an instance of diagnosis, vaccination and inclusion in care of those in need. Results from this study will allow the national hepatitis programs to design public policies in order to diminish the impact of these infections on the population.
Asunto(s)
Hepatitis Viral Humana/epidemiología , Hepatitis Viral Humana/virología , Sífilis/epidemiología , Sífilis/microbiología , Treponema pallidum , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Argentina/epidemiología , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Pruebas Hematológicas , Hepatitis Viral Humana/diagnóstico , Humanos , Masculino , Tamizaje Masivo , Persona de Mediana Edad , Vigilancia de la Población , Prevalencia , Factores de Riesgo , Factores Socioeconómicos , Sífilis/diagnóstico , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
La Guía, publicada por la Dirección Nacional de Sida y ETS del Ministerio de Salud de la Nación, con la contribución de la OPS/OMS y UNICEF, contiene recomendaciones acerca del diagnóstico, tratamiento y seguimiento del VIH, sífilis y hepatitis B y ofrece herramientas para la reflexión de los equipos de salud que participan y acompañan la salud de la mujerembarazada, la de su pareja y la del niño. En 2009, la Argentina adhirió a la iniciativa regional de la OPS que apunta a disminuir la transmisión vertical de sífilis a menos de 0,5 por mil nacidos vivos y alcanzar una tasa de transmisión vertical del VIH a menos del 2% para el 2015.