RESUMEN
The One Strain Many Compounds (OSMAC) method was applied to explore the chemical diversities of secondary metabolites produced by Neosartorya fischeri NRRL 181. Four pyripyropenes 1â»4, eight steroids 5â»11, and four prenylated indole alkaloids 12â»15, were obtained from the fungus cultured in petri dishes containing potato dextrose agar (PDA). 1,7,11-trideacetylpyripyropene A (1) and 1,11-dideacetyl pyripyropene A (2) were obtained and spectroscopically characterized (1D, 2D NMR, and HR-ESI-MS) from a natural source for the first time. It offered a sustainable source of these two compounds, which were usually used as starting materials in preparing pyripyropene derivatives. In addition, as compared with all the other naturally occurring pyripyropenes, 1 and 2 possessed unique acetylation patterns that did not follow the established late-step biosynthetic rules of pyripyropenes. The natural occurrence of 1 and 2 in the fungus implied that the timing and order of hydroxylation and acetylation in the late-step biosynthetic pathway of pyripyropenes remained to be revealed. The isolation and identification of 1â»15 indicated that the OSMAC method could remarkably alter the metabolic profile and enrich the chemical diversities of fungal metabolites. Compounds 1â»4 exhibited no obvious cytotoxicity against the triple-negative breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 as compared with taxol.
Asunto(s)
Neosartorya/química , Línea Celular Tumoral , Supervivencia Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Humanos , Alcaloides Indólicos/química , Espectroscopía de Resonancia Magnética , Paclitaxel/farmacología , Piridinas/química , Sesquiterpenos/químicaRESUMEN
Two new triterpenoids, 30-hydroxylup-20(29)-ene 3ß-caffeate (1) and 24-nor-friedelan-6α,10-dihydroxy-1,2-dioxo-4,7-dien-29-oic acid (2), together with eight known compounds 3-10, were isolated from the roots of Celastrus stylosus. The structures of these compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analyses. To the best of our knowledge, this represents the first study on the chemical constituents of C. stylosus. The antiproliferative activities of the triterpenoids against six human cancer cell lines (PANC-1, A549, PC-3, HepG2, SGC-7901, and HCCLM3) were evaluated. Compounds 3, 4, and 10 exhibited comparable activities against PC-3 and HCCLM3 cell lines as the positive control taxol.
Asunto(s)
Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/química , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/farmacología , Celastrus/química , Triterpenos/química , Triterpenos/farmacología , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/aislamiento & purificación , Línea Celular Tumoral , Proliferación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Humanos , Neoplasias/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias/patología , Triterpenos/aislamiento & purificaciónRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Current literature does not indicate if the amount and animal vs plant protein are equally important in the prevention of muscle loss in middle-aged and older Chinese adults. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to examine the associations between amount or animal vs plant protein and skeletal muscle mass in Chinese adults aged 40 to 80 years. DESIGN: A cross-sectional analysis of a prospective, community-based cohort was performed. PARTICIPANTS/SETTING: Participants included 1,044 men and 2,169 women aged 40 to 80 years from the Guangzhou Nutrition and Health Study 2011-2013 with body composition measurements by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: The skeletal muscle index (SMI) was defined as appendicular skeletal muscle mass divided by body weight. Participants in the lowest quartile of the sex-specific SMI were considered to have low muscle mass (LMM). STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Analyses of covariance were performed to estimate the SMI across quintiles of relative dietary intake of total, animal, and plant protein and the ratio of animal-to-plant protein. Logistic regression models were applied to assess the associations between quintiles of protein intake and LMM. RESULTS: The SMI increased significantly across quintiles of relative dietary intake of total, animal, and plant protein (all P trends<0.001). Odds ratios (95% CIs) for LMM among participants in the highest (vs lowest) quintile were 0.3 (0.2, 0.4) for total protein, 0.3 (0.2, 0.5) for animal protein, and 0.4 (0.3, 0.7) for plant protein, respectively (all P trends<0.001). However, the ratio of animal-to-plant protein was not associated with either the SMI or the presence of LMM. CONCLUSION: Higher dietary intakes of total, animal, and plant protein, regardless of the ratio of animal-to-plant protein, are associated with greater skeletal muscle mass in community-dwelling middle-aged and older Chinese adults with a mean protein intake above the current recommendation for protein of 0.8 g/kg per day.
Asunto(s)
Proteínas Dietéticas Animales/administración & dosificación , Proteínas en la Dieta/administración & dosificación , Músculo Esquelético/fisiología , Proteínas de Vegetales Comestibles/administración & dosificación , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Composición Corporal , Peso Corporal , China , Estudios de Cohortes , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Vida Independiente , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Proteínas Musculares/biosíntesis , Oportunidad Relativa , Estudios Prospectivos , Ingesta Diaria RecomendadaRESUMEN
Oleracimine and oleracimine A were isolated from Portulaca oleracea L. and described in the J. Agric. Food Chem, but the alternative structures of the two compounds are proposed on the basis of NMR analyses.
Asunto(s)
Alcaloides/química , Antiinflamatorios/química , Extractos Vegetales/química , Portulaca/química , Alcaloides/farmacología , Antiinflamatorios/farmacología , Estructura Molecular , Extractos Vegetales/farmacologíaRESUMEN
Three novel carbon skeleton alkaloids, named oleracimine (1), oleracimine A (2), and oleracone A (3), with one novel azulene carbon skeleton compound, oleracone B (4), and one known compound, ß-carboline (5), were first isolated from Portulaca oleracea L. The structures were determined using spectroscopic methods, including one- and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance and high-resolution electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry techniques. In addition, oleracimine (1) was used to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects on lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages. The results of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, western blot, and real-time polymerase chain reaction showed that oleracimine (1) remarkably inhibited nitric oxide production and could dose-dependently decrease the secretions of interleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor α, nitric oxide, and prostaglandin E2 in cell culture supernatants as well as the mRNA of cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase.