Dihydroartemisinin alleviates doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity and ferroptosis by activating Nrf2 and regulating autophagy.

Although the use of Doxorubicin (Dox) is extensive in the treatment of malignant tumor, the toxic effects of Dox on the heart can cause myocardial injury. Therefore, it is necessary to find an alternative drug to alleviate the Dox-induced cardiotoxicity. Dihydroartemisinin (DHA) is a semisynthetic derivative of artemisinin, which is an active ingredient of Artemisia annua. The study investigates the effects of DHA on doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity and ferroptosis, which are related to the activation of Nrf2 and the regulation of autophagy. Different concentrations of DHA were administered by gavage for 4 weeks in mice. H9c2 cells were pretreated with different concentrations of DHA for 24 h in vitro. The mechanism of DHA treatment was explored through echocardiography, biochemical analysis, real-time quantitative PCR, western blotting analysis, ROS/DHE staining, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence. In vivo, DHA markedly relieved Dox-induced cardiac dysfunction, attenuated oxidative stress, alleviated cardiomyocyte ferroptosis, activated Nrf2, promoted autophagy, and improved the function of lysosomes. In vitro, DHA attenuated oxidative stress and cardiomyocyte ferroptosis, activated Nrf2, promoted clearance of autophagosomes, and reduced lysosomal destruction. The changes of ferroptosis and Nrf2 depend on selective degradation of keap1 and recovery of lysosome. We found for the first time that DHA could protect the heart from the toxic effects of Dox-induced cardiotoxicity. In addition, DHA significantly alleviates Dox-induced ferroptosis through the clearance of autophagosomes, including the selective degradation of keap1 and the recovery of lysosomes.

Prevalence of natural feline coronavirus infection in domestic cats in Fujian, China.

Only few studies have investigated the prevalence of feline coronavirus (FCoV) infection in domestic cats in Fujian, China. This is the first study to report the prevalence rate of FCoV infection in domestic cats in Fujian, China, and to analyse the epidemiological characteristics of FCoV infection in the region. A total of 112 cat faecal samples were collected from animal hospitals and catteries in the Fujian Province. RNA was extracted from faecal material for reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The prevalence rate of FCoV infection was determined, and its epidemiological risk factors were analysed. The overall prevalence of FCoV infection in the cats, was 67.9%. We did not observe a significant association between the age, sex, or breed of the cats included in the study and the prevalence rate of the viral infection. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the four strains from Fujian were all type I FCoV. This is the first study to analyse the prevalence and epidemiological characteristics of FCoV infection in domestic cats in Fujian, China, using faecal samples. The results of this study provide preliminary data regarding the prevalence of FCoV infection in the Fujian Province for epidemiological studies on FCoV in China and worldwide. Future studies should perform systematic and comprehensive epidemiological investigations to determine the prevalence of FCoV infection in the region.

The glycemic gap as a prognostic indicator in cardiogenic shock: a retrospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Stress-induced hyperglycemia (SIH) is associated with poor outcomes in cardiogenic shock (CS), and there have been inconsistent results among patients with or without diabetes mellitus (DM). The glycemic gap (GG) is derived by subtracting A1c-derived average glucose from blood glucose levels; it is a superior indicator of SIH. We aimed to explore the role of GG in the outcomes of patients with CS. METHODS: Data on patients diagnosed with CS were extracted from the MIMIC-IV v2.0 database to investigate the relationship between GG and 30-day mortality (Number of absolute GG subjects = 359; Number of relative GG subjects = 357). CS patients from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University were enrolled to explore the correlation between GG and lactic acid (Number of absolute GG subjects = 252; Number of relative GG subjects = 251). Multivariate analysis, propensity score-matched (PSM) analysis, inverse probability treatment weighting (IPTW), and Pearson correlation analysis were applied. RESULTS: Absolute GG was associated with 30-day all-cause mortality in CS patients (HRadjusted: 1.779 95% CI: 1.137-2.783; HRPSM: 1.954 95% CI: 1.186-3.220; HRIPTW: 1.634 95% CI: 1.213-2.202). The higher the absolute GG level, the higher the lactic acid level (ßadjusted: 1.448 95% CI: 0.474-2.423). A similar trend existed in relative GG (HRadjusted: 1.562 95% CI: 1.003-2.432; HRPSM: 1.790 95% CI: 1.127-2.845; HRIPTW: 1.740 95% CI: 1.287-2.352; ßadjusted:1.294 95% CI: 0.369-2.219). Subgroup analysis showed that the relationship existed irrespective of DM. The area under the curve of GG combined with the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) for 30-day all-cause mortality was higher than that of GCS (absolute GG: 0.689 vs. 0.637; relative GG: 0.688 vs. 0.633). GG was positively related to the triglyceride-glucose index. Kaplan-Meier curves revealed that groups of higher GG with DM had the worst outcomes. The outcomes differed among races and GG levels (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Among patients with CS, absolute and relative GGs were associated with increased 30-day all-cause mortality, regardless of DM. The relationship was stable after multivariate Cox regression analysis, PSM, and IPTW analysis. Furthermore, they reflect the severity of CS to some extent. Hyperlactatemia and insulin resistance may underlie the relationship between stress-induced hyperglycemia and poor outcomes in CS patients. They both improve the predictive efficacy of the GCS.

ZIC2 promotes colorectal cancer growth and metastasis through the TGF-ß signaling pathway.

ZIC2 is involved in the tumor progression of many types of cancers. The role of ZIC2 in the metastasis of colorectal cancer and its mechanism are not yet clear. In this study, we found that high ZIC2 expression was not only associated with poor prognosis, relapse-free survival and advanced metastasis but was also an independent prognostic factor in colorectal cancer patients. Moreover, ZIC2 knockdown inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion, while the upregulation of ZIC2 had the opposite effect in vitro. ZIC2 overexpression induced TGF-ß1 expression and increased Smad3 phosphorylation. The carcinogenic effects of elevated ZIC2 expression can be eliminated by interfering with the TGF-ß1 receptor with inhibitors. This further verified the promoting effect of ZIC2 on the TGF-ß signaling pathway. In vivo experiments have also confirmed that ZIC2 can promote liver metastases of colorectal cancer. The results suggest that ZIC2 is associated with poor prognosis and relapse-free survival in colorectal cancer patients. Moreover, ZIC2 promoted colorectal cancer progression and metastasis by activating the TGF-ß signaling pathway. Hence, ZIC2 is expected to be a new therapeutic and prognostic target for colorectal cancer in the future.

A method to protect the endometrium for microwave ablation treating types 1-3 uterine fibroids: a preliminary comparative study.

PURPOSE: To investigate the feasibility of percutaneous intrauterine instillation of chilled saline to protect the endometrium during microwave ablation (MWA) treating types 1-3 uterine fibroids. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-six patients with types 1-3 uterine fibroids were prospectively enrolled in an intrauterine saline instillation group (study group). The same number of patients with types 1-3 uterine fibroids who previously received MWA without endometrial protection were retrospectively included in a control group. Endometrial impairment was evaluated by hysteroscopy and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). RESULTS: In the study group, hysteroscopy revealed an intact endometrium in 17 patients, congestion and reddening of the endometrium due to heat in 8 patients, and a burnt necrosis with a size < 1 cm on the functional layer of the endometrium in 1 patient. On MRI, in the study group, there were 17 (65.4%), 6 (23.1%), and 3 (11.5%) patients with grades 0, 1, and 2 endometrial impairment, respectively, but no grade 3 endometrial impairment. In the control group, there were 8 (30.8%), 8 (30.8%), 7 (26.9%), and 3 (11.5%) patients with grades 0, 1, 2, and 3 endometrial impairment, respectively. Endometrial impairment in the study group was significantly better than that in the control group (p = 0.006). One patient had puncture tunnel bleeding and no other complications occurred in the study group. CONCLUSION: Intraoperative percutaneous intrauterine instillation of chilled saline may be effective and safe in reducing the thermal damage to the endometrium caused by MWA for treating types 1-3 uterine fibroids.

3,4-benzopyrene aggravates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury-induced pyroptosis through inhibition of autophagy-dependent NLRP3 degradation.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are produced during combustion of organic matter, such as during cigarette smoking, and they exist widely in the environment. Exposure to 3,4-benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), as the most widely studied PAHs, relates to many cardiovascular diseases. However, the underlying mechanism of its involvement remains largely unclear. In this study, we developed a myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury mouse model and an oxygen and glucose deprivation-reoxygenation H9C2 cell model to evaluate the effect of BaP in I/R injury. After BaP exposure, the expression of autophagy-related proteins, the abundance of NLRP3 inflammasomes, and the degree of pyroptosis were measured. Our results show that BaP aggravates myocardial pyroptosis in a autophagy-dependent manner. In addition, we found that BaP activates the p53-BNIP3 pathway via the aryl hydrocarbon receptor to decrease autophagosome clearance. Our findings present new insights into the mechanisms underlying cardiotoxicity and reveal that the p53-BNIP3 pathway, which is involved in autophagy regulation, is a potential therapeutic target for BaP-induced myocardial I/R injury. Because PAHs are omnipresent in daily life, the toxic effects of these harmful substances should not be underestimated.

Identification and Validation of Hub Genes Predicting Prognosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study is selecting the hub genes associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) to construct a Cox regression model for predicting prognosis in HCC patients. METHODS: Using HCC patient data from the ICGC and TCGA databases, screened for 40 core genes highly correlated with histological grade of HCC. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed on the genes highly associated with HCC prognosis, and the model was established. The expression of those genes was measured by immunohistochemistry in 110 HCC patients who underwent the surgery in the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University. The survival of HCC patients was analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS: Eight genes (CDC45, CENPA, MCM10, MELK, CDC20, ASF1B, FANCD2, and NCAPH) were correlated with prognosis, and the same result was observed in 110 HCC patients. Using the regression model, the HCC patients in the training set were classified as high- and low-risk groups. The overall survival of patients in the high-risk group was shorter than that in the low-risk group, and the same results were obtained in the verification set. CONCLUSION: This study found that the risk model according to these 8 genes can be used as a predictor of prognosis in HCC. These genes may become alternative biomarkers and therapeutic targets and provide new therapeutic strategies for HCC.

RAGE is a potential biomarker implicated in immune infiltrates and cellular senescence in lung adenocarcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Receptor for Advanced Glycation End-products (RAGE) is an oncogene abnormally expressed in various cancers. However, the clinical value of RAGE and the biological role of RAGE in lung cancer have not been fully investigated. METHODS: We compared the RAGE expression using several public databases. The relationship between RAGE expression and clinicopathological variables was assessed. The R software package was used to carry out enrichment analyses of RAGE co-expression and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). Additionally, we used the TIMER database to assess the association between immune infiltration and RAGE expression. The correlation between RAGE expression and senescence biomarkers in lung adenocarcinoma was analyzed using the TCGA database. RESULTS: Our findings indicated that the expression of RAGE was downregulated in lung adenocarcinoma, and down-regulation of RAGE was related to poor overall survival and disease-free survival. Functional enrichment analysis indicated that RAGE co-expression genes were mainly associated with neutrophil activation involved in immune response, neutrophil degranulation, and regulation of leukocyte-mediated immunity. Correlation analysis revealed that RAGE expression was closely related to the purity of the tumor and immune infiltration. GSEA indicated that the RAGE-related differential genes were mainly enriched in senescence-related pathways. Besides, the RAGE expression was significantly associated with senescence-related genes. CONCLUSION: Down-regulation of RAGE expression was associated with poor prognosis, as well as defective immune infiltration and cellular senescence in lung adenocarcinoma.

Implant placement in the pterygoid region with dynamically navigated surgery: A clinical report.

Implant placement in the pterygoid region is a reliable treatment for posterior maxillary tooth loss. However, the surgery is not widely applied because the implant placement region is hard to access and the direct visual access is limited. This clinical report describes the use of a dynamic navigation system to improve the pterygoid implant placement surgery. Real-time imaging of the surgery area and full-time guidance are provided by the system to alleviate the problem of lack of visibility and to reduce the complexity of placement.

A comprehensive approach to stool donor screening for faecal microbiota transplantation in China.

BACKGROUND: Faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is an effective therapy for recurrent Clostridium difficile infections and chronic gastrointestional infections. However, the risks of FMT and the selection process of suitable donors remain insufficiently characterized. The eligibility rate for screening, underlying microbial basis, and core ethical issues of stool donors for FMT are yet to be elucidated in China. RESULTS: The potential stool donors were screened from December 2017 to December 2019 with the help of an online survey, clinical assessments, and stool and blood testing. Bioinformatics analyses were performed, and the composition and stability of gut microbiota in stool obtained from eligible donors were dynamically observed using metagenomics. Meanwhile, we build a donor microbial evaluation index (DoMEI) for stool donor screening. In the screening process, we also focused on ethical principles and requirements. Of the 2071 participants, 66 donors were selected via the screening process (3.19% success rate). Although there were significant differences in gut microbiota among donors, we found that the changes in the gut microbiota of the same donor were typically more stable than those between donors over time. CONCLUSIONS: DoMEI provides a potential reference index for regular stool donor re-evaluation. In this retrospective study, we summarised the donor recruitment and screening procedure ensuring the safety and tolerability for FMT in China. Based on the latest advances in this field, we carried out rigorous recommendation and method which can assist stool bank and clinicians to screen eligible stool donor for FMT.

14N NMR as a General Tool to Characterize the Nitrogen-Containing Species and Monitor the Nitration Process.

The usefulness of 14N NMR spectroscopy was highly underestimated compared with 15N NMR, which usually required tedious and expensive 15N-labeling manipulations. It is of great significance to make the 14N NMR spectroscopy convenient and useful considering 14N nuclei's high natural abundance of 99.6%. Herein, lots of efforts have been made to generalize routine 14N NMR to characterize nitrogen-containing species by tuning the balance between the solubility and viscosity of the samples. Satisfactory 14N NMR spectra of more than 60 nitrogen-containing compounds have been recorded, and the chemical shifts and the peaks' full width at half-maxima of more than 10 nitrogen-based functionalities have been summarized. Successful monitoring of the ortho-selective nitration of aniline has been demonstrated using the 14N NMR protocol developed in this paper, which will help realize the visualization of nitration processes in the industry.

Study on laryngopharyngeal and esophageal reflux characteristics using 24-h multichannel intraluminal impedance-pH monitoring in healthy volunteers.

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to analyze the results of 24-h multichannel intraluminal impedance and pH-monitoring (MII-pH) of the laryngopharynx and esophagus in asymptomatic volunteers. Moreover, we also aimed to gain insight into and establish a baseline for laryngopharyngeal reflux in the healthy population by quantitatively and qualitatively comparing the reflux and pH distribution in both the laryngopharynx and the esophagus. METHODS: Healthy volunteers were recruited and observed; they underwent 24-h ambulatory combined MII-pH monitoring. The proximal sensor (pH1) was positioned approximately 1 cm above the upper esophageal sphincter with the aid of a solid-state high-resolution esophageal manometer. Laryngopharyngeal reflux events were detected and characterized by the incidence and property of reflux both in the laryngopharynx and the esophagus. RESULTS: Thirty-eight asymptomatic volunteers who completed all the examinations were included in this study. The median pH detected by the proximal sensor was 6.6 (6.2, 7.0), with an average of 6.58 ± 0.74. A total of 814 laryngopharyngeal reflux events were detected, including 722 (89%) in the upright position and 92 (11%) in the supine position with incidence (0%) in the liquid state, 44 (5%) in the mixture, and 769 (95%) in the gaseous state. Furthermore, 5 incidences (1%) of acid reflux and 809 incidences of non-acid reflux (99%) were noted. A total of 5779 esophageal reflux events were detected, including 5020 (87%) in the upright position, 759 (13%) in the supine position, with 2051 (36%) in the liquid state, 2050 (35%) in the mixed condition, and 1678 (29%) in the gaseous state; adding up to 805 incidences (14%) of acid reflux and 4974 incidences (86%) of non-acid reflux. CONCLUSION: Non-acid reflux in the upright position is characteristic of laryngopharyngeal reflux. Acid reflux is almost undetectable in healthy subjects. Hence, the diagnostic indicators of gastroesophageal reflux disease are not suitable for laryngopharyngeal reflux disease.

Overexpression of αCGRP promotes osteogenesis of periodontal ligament cells by regulation of YAP signaling.

Human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) are considered as an ideal cell type for periodontal tissue engineering as hPDLCs own mesenchymal stem cell-like properties. Additionally, it is suggested that α-calcitonin gene-related peptide (αCGRP) plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. However, the specific role of αCGRP on the regulation of alveolar bone regeneration which is essential for treatment of periodontitis remains unclear. In this study, lentiviral αCGRP expression vector was first transfected into hPDLCs. αCGRP expression and the osteogenesis-related gene (ALP, RUNX2, OCN, and BSP) expressions were detected. The results showed that expressions of osteogenic phenotypes were upregulated in αCGRP-transfected hPDLCs combined with an increased expression of Yes-associated protein (YAP), which is the key downstream effectors of Hippo pathway. Our observations suggest that αCGRP-mediated hPDLCs' osteogenesis might relate with the activity of YAP signaling. These observations may reflect intrinsic functions of αCGRP in hPDLCs' osteogenesis and its promising role in the treatment of bone deficiency in periodontal regeneration.

Self-Alignment MEMS IMU Method Based on the Rotation Modulation Technique on a Swing Base.

The micro-electro-mechanical-system (MEMS) inertial measurement unit (IMU) has been widely used in the field of inertial navigation due to its small size, low cost, and light weight, but aligning MEMS IMUs remains a challenge for researchers. MEMS IMUs have been conventionally aligned on a static base, requiring other sensors, such as magnetometers or satellites, to provide auxiliary information, which limits its application range to some extent. Therefore, improving the alignment accuracy of MEMS IMU as much as possible under swing conditions is of considerable value. This paper proposes an alignment method based on the rotation modulation technique (RMT), which is completely self-aligned, unlike the existing alignment techniques. The effect of the inertial sensor errors is mitigated by rotating the IMU. Then, inertial frame-based alignment using the rotation modulation technique (RMT-IFBA) achieved coarse alignment on the swing base. The strong tracking filter (STF) further improved the alignment accuracy. The performance of the proposed method was validated with a physical experiment, and the results of the alignment showed that the standard deviations of pitch, roll, and heading angle were 0.0140 ° , 0.0097 ° , and 0.91 ° , respectively, which verified the practicality and efficacy of the proposed method for the self-alignment of the MEMS IMU on a swing base.

Modeling and Compensation of Random Drift of MEMS Gyroscopes Based on Least Squares Support Vector Machine Optimized by Chaotic Particle Swarm Optimization.

MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical System) gyroscopes have been widely applied to various fields, but MEMS gyroscope random drift has nonlinear and non-stationary characteristics. It has attracted much attention to model and compensate the random drift because it can improve the precision of inertial devices. This paper has proposed to use wavelet filtering to reduce noise in the original data of MEMS gyroscopes, then reconstruct the random drift data with PSR (phase space reconstruction), and establish the model for the reconstructed data by LSSVM (least squares support vector machine), of which the parameters were optimized using CPSO (chaotic particle swarm optimization). Comparing the effect of modeling the MEMS gyroscope random drift with BP-ANN (back propagation artificial neural network) and the proposed method, the results showed that the latter had a better prediction accuracy. Using the compensation of three groups of MEMS gyroscope random drift data, the standard deviation of three groups of experimental data dropped from 0.00354°/s, 0.00412°/s, and 0.00328°/s to 0.00065°/s, 0.00072°/s and 0.00061°/s, respectively, which demonstrated that the proposed method can reduce the influence of MEMS gyroscope random drift and verified the effectiveness of this method for modeling MEMS gyroscope random drift.

A Novel Single-Excitation Capacitive Angular Position Sensor Design.

This paper presents a high-precision capacitive angular position sensor (CAPS). The CAPS is designed to be excited by a single voltage to eliminate the matching errors of multi-excitations, and it is mainly composed of excitation electrodes, coupling electrodes, petal-form sensitive electrodes and a set of collection electrodes. A sinusoidal voltage is applied on the excitation electrodes, then the voltage couples to the coupling electrodes and sensitive electrodes without contact. The sensitive electrodes together with the set of collection electrodes encode the angular position to amplitude-modulated signals, and in order to increase the scale factor, the sensitive electrodes are patterned in the shape of petal-form sinusoidal circles. By utilizing a resolver demodulation method, the amplitude-modulated signals are digitally decoded to get the angular position. A prototype of the CAPS is fabricated and tested. The measurement results show that the accuracy of the sensor is 0.0036°, the resolution is 0.0009° and the nonlinearity over the full range is 0.008° (after compensation), indicating that the CAPS has great potential to be applied in high-precision applications with a low cost.

Diagnostic accuracy of intracellular mycobacterium tuberculosis detection for tuberculous meningitis.

RATIONALE: Early diagnosis and treatment of tuberculous meningitis saves lives, but current laboratory diagnostic tests lack sensitivity. OBJECTIVES: We investigated whether the detection of intracellular bacteria by a modified Ziehl-Neelsen stain and early secretory antigen target (ESAT)-6 in cerebrospinal fluid leukocytes improves tuberculous meningitis diagnosis. METHODS: Cerebrospinal fluid specimens from patients with suspected tuberculous meningitis were stained by conventional Ziehl-Neelsen stain, a modified Ziehl-Neelsen stain involving cytospin slides with Triton processing, and an ESAT-6 immunocytochemical stain. Acid-fast bacteria and ESAT-6-expressing leukocytes were detected by microscopy. All tests were performed prospectively in a central laboratory by experienced technicians masked to the patients' final diagnosis. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Two hundred and eighty patients with suspected tuberculous meningitis were enrolled. Thirty-seven had Mycobacterium tuberculosis cultured from cerebrospinal fluid; 40 had a microbiologically confirmed alternative diagnosis; the rest had probable or possible tuberculous meningitis according to published criteria. Against a clinical diagnostic gold standard the sensitivity of conventional Ziehl-Neelsen stain was 3.3% (95% confidence interval, 1.6-6.7%), compared with 82.9% (95% confidence interval, 77.4-87.3%) for modified Ziehl-Neelsen stain and 75.1% (95% confidence interval, 68.8-80.6%) for ESAT-6 immunostain. Intracellular bacteria were seen in 87.8% of the slides positive by the modified Ziehl-Neelsen stain. The specificity of modified Ziehl-Neelsen and ESAT-6 stain was 85.0% (95% confidence interval, 69.4-93.8%) and 90.0% (95% confidence interval, 75.4-96.7%), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Enhanced bacterial detection by simple modification of the Ziehl-Neelsen stain and an ESAT-6 intracellular stain improve the laboratory diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis.

Poor serum uric acid control increases risk for developing hypertension: a retrospective cohort study in China.

Background: Serum uric acid (SUA) has been suggested as a contributor of hypertension. However, reports on the relationship between changes in SUA and hypertension are limited. Hence, we aimed to investigate the potential impact of SUA, especially its change over time, on hypertension incidence. Methods: This dynamic cohort included 6052 participants without hypertension at baseline. Participants were categorized into six grades based on whether baseline SUA was high and whether changes in SUA progressed to hyperuricemia or decreased to normal levels. Grades 1 to 6 represented the participants' SUA control from best to worst. Logistic regression and restricted cubic spline (RCS) models were used to explore the association of the grades of SUA control and hypertension incidence. Results: During a median follow-up of 6 years, 2550 (42.1%) participants developed hypertension. After adjusting confounding factors, compared to grade 1 with the best control of SUA, the odds ratios for grades 2 to 6 with worse control were 1.347 (1.109-1.636), 1.138 (0.764-1.693), 1.552 (1.245-1.934), 1.765 (1.170-2.663), and 2.165 (1.566-2.993), respectively. RCS indicated a linear correlation between the risk of hypertension and changes in SUA, and an elevated risk in participants with baseline hyperuricemia. Subgroup analyses showed that grades of SUA control had an interaction with systolic (P = 0.003) and diastolic blood pressure (P < 0.001). Sensitivity analyses further determined the robustness of the result that participants with poor SUA control have a higher risk of developing hypertension. Conclusion: Poor SUA control, an increase in SUA over time, rises the risk of developing hypertension regardless of whether the initial SUA is normal or not. Initial hyperuricemia will exacerbate this risk. Effective SUA control should be an important measure for primary prevention of hypertension.

Sarmentosin alleviates doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity and ferroptosis via the p62-Keap1-Nrf2 pathway.

Doxorubicin (Dox) is extensively used as an antitumor agent, but its severe cardiotoxicity significantly limits its clinical use. Current treatments for Dox-induced cardiotoxicity are inadequate, necessitating alternative solutions. This study evaluated the effects of sarmentosin, a compound from Sedum sarmentosum, on Dox-induced cardiotoxicity and dysfunction. Sarmentosin was administered as a pretreatment to both mice and H9c2 cells before Dox exposure. Subsequently, markers of Dox-induced cardiotoxicity and ferroptosis in serum and cell supernatants were measured. Western blot analysis was utilized to detect levels of ferroptosis, oxidative stress, and autophagy proteins. Additionally, echocardiography, hematoxylin-eosin staining, ROS detection, and immunofluorescence techniques were employed to support our findings. Results demonstrated that sarmentosin significantly inhibited iron accumulation, lipid peroxidation, and oxidative stress, thereby reducing Dox-induced ferroptosis and cardiotoxicity in C57BL/6 mice and H9c2 cells. The mechanism involved the activation of autophagy and the Nrf2 signaling pathway. These findings suggest that sarmentosin may prevent Dox-induced cardiotoxicity by mitigating ferroptosis. The study underscores the potential of compounds like sarmentosin in treating Dox-induced cardiotoxicity.

Dual network composite hydrogels with robust antibacterial and antifouling capabilities for efficient wound healing.

Wound dressings play a critical role in the wound healing process; however, conventional dressings often address singular functions, lacking versatility in meeting diverse wound healing requirements. Herein, dual-network, multifunctional hydrogels (PSA/CS-GA) have been designed and synthesized through a one-pot approach. The in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrate that the optimized hydrogels have exceptional antifouling properties, potent antibacterial effects and rapid hemostatic capabilities. Notably, in a full-thickness rat wound model, the hydrogel group displays a remarkable wound healing rate exceeding 95% on day 10, surpassing both the control group and the commercial 3M group. Furthermore, the hydrogels exert an anti-inflammatory effect by reducing inflammatory factors interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), enhance the release of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) to promote blood vessel proliferation, and augment collagen deposition in the wound, thus effectively accelerating wound healing in vivo. These innovative hydrogels present a novel and highly effective approach to wound healing.