[The excessive use of urinary catheters in patients hospitalized in university hospital wards]. / Uso excessivo do cateter vesical em pacientes internados em enfermarias de hospital universitário.

This cohort study included 254 adult patients who used a urinary catheter (UC) during their hospitalization in a university hospital ward. The following were evaluated: catheter use, indication, time of permanence, urinary infection density, mortality, and hospital stay. Throughout the studied period, 14% of the hospitalized patients received UC, totaling 1735 UC-day. In 23% of cases, the procedure had not been prescribed, and neither was its indication documented. The average time of UC use was 6.8 days. Among clinical patients, the indication for UC was inadequate in 29%; time of permanence was considered inadequate in 49% of clinical patients and in 66.9% of surgical patients. Patients with inadequate UC use had more urinary tract infections (RR 1.86 IC95% 1.4 to 3.04) and longer hospital stay (11.9 and 8.9 days, p=0.002). This study permitted to identify flaws in the care process that are potentially changeable and important to avoid urinary tract infection by urinary catheter use.

Phase II trial of metformin and paclitaxel for patients with gemcitabine-refractory advanced adenocarcinoma of the pancreas.

BACKGROUND: In patients with adenocarcinoma of the pancreas, there are no standard second-line regimens. Many pre-clinical studies have shown that metformin alone or when combined with paclitaxel has antitumour effects on this tumour. We have tested here the combination of paclitaxel and metformin for patients with gemcitabine-refractory pancreatic cancer. METHODS: An uncontrolled phase II trial was carried out based on a two-stage Simon's design, with metformin and paclitaxel for patients with locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic cancer whose disease had progressed during first line treatment with a gemcitabine-based regimen. The primary endpoint was the disease control rate at eight weeks as per response evaluation criteria in solid tumours (RECIST) 1.1. Patients received paclitaxel 80 mg/m(2) weekly for three weeks every 28 days and metformin 850 mg p.o. t.i.d. continuously until progression or intolerance state was reached. RESULTS: Twenty patients were enrolled from July 2011 to January 2014: N = 6 (31.6%) achieved the primary endpoint, with all presenting stable disease. Median overall survival (OS) was 128 days (range 17-697) and the median progression free survival (PFS) was 44 days (range 14-210). Eight patients (40%) presented treatment-related G3-4 toxicities with the most common one being diarrhoea. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the encouraging pre-clinical evidence of the antitumour activity of metformin in adenocarcinoma of the pancreas, the primary endpoint of the disease control rate was not met. Besides, the treatment combination was poorly tolerated and could not be studied further. This study highlights the importance of performing clinical trials to reassure preclinical or observational data.

Uso excessivo do cateter vesical em pacientes internados em enfermarias de hospital universitário / The excessive use of urinary catheters in patients hospitalized in university hospital wards / Uso excesivo del catéter vesical en pacientes internados en enfermerías de Hospital Universitario

Este estudo de corte incluiu 254 pacientes adultos que usaram cateter vesical (CV) durante a hospitalização em enfermarias de um hospital universitário. Foram avaliados: utilização do cateter, indicação, tempo de permanência, densidade de infecção urinária, mortalidade e permanência hospitalar. Durante o período de estudo, 14 por cento dos pacientes internados usaram CV, totalizando 1.735 CV-dia. Em 23 por cento dos casos, o procedimento não foi prescrito, nem sua indicação foi documentada. O tempo médio de uso do CV foi de 6,8 dias. Entre os pacientes clínicos, a indicação do CV foi inadequada em 29 por cento; o tempo de permanência foi considerado inadequado em 49 por cento dos pacientes clínicos e em 66,9 por cento dos pacientes cirúrgicos. Pacientes com uso inadequado do CV tiveram mais infecção do trato urinário (RR 1,86 IC95 por cento 1,4 a 3,04) e maior tempo de permanência hospitalar (11,9 e 8,9 dias, p=0,002). O estudo permitiu identificar no processo assistencial falhas potencialmente modificáveis e importantes para a prevenção da infecção do trato urinário por cateter vesical.

This cohort study included 254 adult patients who used a urinary catheter (UC) during their hospitalization in a university hospital ward. The following were evaluated: catheter use, indication, time of permanence, urinary infection density, mortality, and hospital stay. Throughout the studied period, 14 percent of the hospitalized patients received UC, totaling 1735 UC-day. In 23 percent of cases, the procedure had not been prescribed, and neither was its indication documented. The average time of UC use was 6.8 days. Among clinical patients, the indication for UC was inadequate in 29 percent; time of permanence was considered inadequate in 49 percent of clinical patients and in 66.9 percent of surgical patients. Patients with inadequate UC use had more urinary tract infections (RR 1.86 IC95 percent 1.4 to 3.04) and longer hospital stay (11.9 and 8.9 days, p=0.002). This study permitted to identify flaws in the care process that are potentially changeable and important to avoid urinary tract infection by urinary catheter use.

Estudio de coorte incluyendo 254 pacientes adultos que recibieron catéter vesical (CV) durante hospitalización en enfermerías de hospital universitario. Se evaluó: utilización del catéter, indicación, tiempo de permanencia, densidad de infección urinaria, mortalidad y permanencia hospitalaria. Durante el período de estudio, 14 por ciento de los internados usaron CV, totalizando 1753 CV-día. En 23 por ciento de los casos no fue prescripto, ni documentada su indicación. El tiempo medio de uso del CV fue 6,8 días. Entre pacientes clínicos, la indicación del CV fue inadecuada en 29 por ciento; el tiempo de permanencia se consideró inadecuado en 49 por ciento de pacientes clínicos y en 66,9 por ciento de pacientes quirúrgicos. Los pacientes con uso inadecuado del CV sufrieron más infecciones del tracto urinario (RR 1,86 IC95 por ciento 1,4 a 3,044) y mayor permanencia hospitalaria (11,9 y 8,9 días, p=0,002). El estudio identificó fallas del proceso asistencial, potencialmente modificables, importantes para prevención de infección del tracto urinario por catéter vesical.

A prática sexual e o envelhecimento / Sexuality practice and aging

Estudo qualitativo, descritivo e exploratório, com o objetivo de conhecer se a prática sexual é exercida em uma população de idosos; identificar fatores que interferem no relacionamento sexual homem e mulher; identificar quais estratégias são utilizadas por estes para continuarem a ser sexualmente ativos. Entrevistamos 18 idosos que participam da UNATI em Alfenas-MG. Mediante a análise de conteúdo temática identificamos três categorias: envelhecer: da aceitação à insatisfação, em que o envelhecimento é enfrentado positivamente. O exercício da prática sexual, a menopausa, a disfunção erétil, a rotina ou a falta de parceiros são fatores para o não exercício da mesma. A cultura, religião e a educação também influenciam na sexualidade. Enfrentamento para melhorar a vida sexual, o uso de estímulo visual e substituição do ato sexual pr carícias. A prática sexual continua sendo exercida se o idoso tem condições físicas e parceiro. A sexualidade permanece em suas vidas, independentemente do ato sexual, por meio de carícias e trocas de afeto.