RESUMEN
To understand the changes of resistance of major clinical isolates to commonly used antibiotics in a comprehensive teaching hospital from 2015 to 2017 and to provide a basis for rational clinical use of antibiotics in the hospital. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of all clinical isolates from 2015 to 2017 was carried out according to a unified protocol using Kirby-Bauer method or automated systems according to the unified plan. A total of 28715 non-repetitive clinical isolates were collected from 2015 to 2017. Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Acinetobacter baumannii were the top three most common isolates for three consecutive years. Escherichia coli is still highly sensitive to carbapenems, with the drug resistance rate less than 1%. Klebsiella pneumoniae's resistance to carbapenems increases year by year, reaching about 18% in 2017. The resistance rate of Acinetobacter baumannii to meropenem was above 70%, and that of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to meropenem was about 30%. Staphylococcus is more sensitive to linezolid and vancomycin. Enterococcus faecalis had lower drug resistance to most tested antibiotics (except tetracycline) than Enterococcus faecalis, and both were sensitive to linezolid and vancomycin. Bacterial resistance to commonly used antibiotics is still on the rise. We should strengthen the management of clinical use of antimicrobial agents and maintain good practice in surveillance of bacterial resistance.