Factors associated with nonadherence to the use of coumarin derivatives or direct oral anticoagulants: A systematic review of observational studies.

Nonadherence to thromboprophylaxis treatment with oral anticoagulants (OAC) is a public health problem and may be associated with high mortality rates. We sought to synthesize the factors associated with nonadherence to therapy with coumarin derivatives or direct oral anticoagulants. A systematic review was performed at electronic databases Medline, Embase, CINAHL, Lilacs and grey literature (Google Scholar, MedNar, OpenGray, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses, and hand search). This study was conducted according to Cochrane's method and PRISMA. The registration on PROSPERO is CRD42020223555. Overall, 1270 studies were identified and nine studies were selected for this review. In hand searching, 77 studies were found, but none included. The associated factors with nonadherence were heterogeneous, and some factors were described as both risk and protection for nonadherence, with few variables showing consistent results among the studies. Variables reported only as risk factors were "male sex", "hospitalization", "Charlson score" and "bleeding", while "white race", CHA2 DS2 VASc (score range 2-9)" and "polypharmacy" were reported only as protective factors. Most studies did not present details in the description of concepts and methods to assess nonadherence. In clinical practice, the knowledge on factors associated with nonadherence is helpful to identifying patients at higher risk of complications that would benefit from individualized interventions.

Genome-wide association study and pathway analysis for fat deposition traits in nellore cattle raised in pasture-based systems.

Genome-wide association study (GWAS) is a powerful tool to identify candidate genes and genomic regions underlying key biological mechanisms associated with economically important traits. In this context, the aim of this study was to identify genomic regions and metabolic pathways associated with backfat thickness (BFT) and rump fat thickness (RFT) in Nellore cattle, raised in pasture-based systems. Ultrasound-based measurements of BFT and RFT (adjusted to 18 months of age) were collected in 11,750 animals, with 39,903 animals in the pedigree file. Additionally, 1,440 animals were genotyped using the GGP-indicus 35K SNP chip, containing 33,623 SNPs after the quality control. The single-step GWAS analyses were performed using the BLUPF90 family programs. Candidate genes were identified through the Ensembl database incorporated in the BioMart tool, while PANTHER and REVIGO were used to identify the key metabolic pathways and gene networks. A total of 18 genomic regions located on 10 different chromosomes and harbouring 23 candidate genes were identified for BFT. For RFT, 22 genomic regions were found on 14 chromosomes, with a total of 29 candidate genes identified. The results of the pathway analyses showed important genes for BFT, including TBL1XR1, AHCYL2, SLC4A7, AADAT, VPS53, IDH2 and ETS1, which are involved in lipid metabolism, synthesis of cellular amino acids, transport of solutes, transport between Golgi Complex membranes, cell differentiation and cellular development. The main genes identified for RFT were GSK3ß, LRP1B, EXT1, GRB2, SORCS1 and SLMAP, which are involved in metabolic pathways such as glycogen synthesis, lipid transport and homeostasis, polysaccharide and carbohydrate metabolism. Polymorphisms located in these candidate genes can be incorporated in commercial genotyping platforms to improve the accuracy of imputation and genomic evaluations for carcass fatness. In addition to uncovering biological mechanisms associated with carcass quality, the key gene pathways identified can also be incorporated in biology-driven genomic prediction methods.

Unfolding the Challenges To Prepare Single Crystalline Complex Oxide Membranes by Solution Processing.

The ability to prepare single crystalline complex oxide freestanding membranes has opened a new playground to access new phases and functionalities not available when they are epitaxially bound to the substrates. The water-soluble Sr3Al2O6 (SAO) sacrificial layer approach has proven to be one of the most promising pathways to prepare a wide variety of single crystalline complex oxide membranes, typically by high vacuum deposition techniques. Here, we present solution processing, also named chemical solution deposition (CSD), as a cost-effective alternative deposition technique to prepare freestanding membranes identifying the main processing challenges and how to overcome them. In particular, we compare three different strategies based on interface and cation engineering to prepare CSD (00l)-oriented BiFeO3 (BFO) membranes. First, BFO is deposited directly on SAO but forms a nanocomposite of Sr-Al-O rich nanoparticles embedded in an epitaxial BFO matrix because the Sr-O bonds react with the solvents of the BFO precursor solution. Second, the incorporation of a pulsed laser deposited La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 (LSMO) buffer layer on SAO prior to the BFO deposition prevents the massive interface reaction and subsequent formation of a nanocomposite but migration of cations from the upper layers to SAO occurs, making the sacrificial layer insoluble in water and withholding the membrane release. Finally, in the third scenario, a combination of LSMO with a more robust sacrificial layer composition, SrCa2Al2O6 (SC2AO), offers an ideal building block to obtain (001)-oriented BFO/LSMO bilayer membranes with a high-quality interface that can be successfully transferred to both flexible and rigid host substrates. Ferroelectric fingerprints are identified in the BFO film prior and after membrane release. These results show the feasibility to use CSD as alternative deposition technique to prepare single crystalline complex oxide membranes widening the range of available phases and functionalities for next-generation electronic devices.

Chemical synthesis of complex oxide thin films and freestanding membranes.

Oxides offer unique physical and chemical properties that inspire rapid advances in materials chemistry to design and nanoengineer materials compositions and implement them in devices for a myriad of applications. Chemical deposition methods are gaining attention as a versatile approach to develop complex oxide thin films and nanostructures by properly selecting compatible chemical precursors and designing an accurate cost-effective thermal treatment. Here, upon describing the basics of chemical solution deposition (CSD) and atomic layer deposition (ALD), some examples of the growth of chemically-deposited functional complex oxide films that can have applications in energy and electronics are discussed. To go one step further, the suitability of these techniques is presented to prepare freestanding complex oxides which can notably broaden their applications. Finally, perspectives on the use of chemical methods to prepare future materials are given.

Chemical Synthesis of La0.75Sr0.25CrO3 Thin Films for p-Type Transparent Conducting Electrodes.

The imperative need for highly performant and stable p-type transparent electrodes based on abundant metals is stimulating the research on perovskite oxide thin films. Moreover, exploring the preparation of these materials with the use of cost-efficient and scalable solution-based techniques is a promising approach to extract their full potential. Herein, we present the design of a chemical route, based on metal nitrate precursors, for the preparation of pure phase La0.75Sr0.25CrO3 (LSCO) thin films to be used as a p-type transparent conductive electrode. Different solution chemistries have been evaluated to ultimately obtain dense, epitaxial, and almost relaxed LSCO films. Optical characterization of the optimized LSCO films reveals promising high transparency with ∼67% transmittance while room temperature resistivity values are 1.4 Ω·cm. It is suggested that the presence of structural defects, i.e., antiphase boundaries and misfit dislocations, affects the electrical behavior of LSCO films. Monochromated electron energy loss spectroscopy allowed changes in the electronic structure in LSCO films to be determined, revealing the creation of Cr4+ and unoccupied states at the O 2p upon Sr-doping. This work offers a new venue to prepare and further investigate cost-effective functional perovskite oxides with potential to be used as p-type transparent conducting electrodes and be easily integrated in many oxide heterostructures.

Correction to "Chemical Synthesis of La0.75Sr0.25CrO3 Thin Films for p-Type Transparent Conducting Electrodes".

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.2c03831.].

Genome-Wide Association Analysis Reveals Novel Loci Related with Visual Score Traits in Nellore Cattle Raised in Pasture-Based Systems.

Body conformation traits assessed based on visual scores are widely used in Zebu cattle breeding programs. The aim of this study was to identify genomic regions and biological pathways associated with body conformation (CONF), finishing precocity (PREC), and muscling (MUSC) in Nellore cattle. The measurements based on visual scores were collected in 20,807 animals raised in pasture-based systems in Brazil. In addition, 2775 animals were genotyped using a 35 K SNP chip, which contained 31,737 single nucleotide polymorphisms after quality control. Single-step GWAS was performed using the BLUPF90 software while candidate genes were identified based on the Ensembl Genes 69. PANTHER and REVIGO platforms were used to identify key biological pathways and STRING to create gene networks. Novel candidate genes were revealed associated with CONF, including ALDH9A1, RXRG, RAB2A, and CYP7A1, involved in lipid metabolism. The genes associated with PREC were ELOVL5, PID1, DNER, TRIP12, and PLCB4, which are related to the synthesis of long-chain fatty acids, lipid metabolism, and muscle differentiation. For MUSC, the most important genes associated with muscle development were SEMA6A, TIAM2, UNC5A, and UIMC1. The polymorphisms identified in this study can be incorporated in commercial genotyping panels to improve the accuracy of genomic evaluations for visual scores in beef cattle.

Electrochemical Reduction of Undoped and Cobalt-Doped BiFeO3 Induced by Water Exposure: Quantitative Determination of Reduction Potentials and Defect Energy Levels Using Photoelectron Spectroscopy.

The interaction of BiFeO3 and Co-doped BiFeO3 thin-film surfaces with water vapor is examined using photoelectron spectroscopy. Water exposure results in an upward shift of the Fermi energy, which is limited by the reduction of Bi and Fe in undoped BiFeO3 and by the reduction of Co in oxidized Co-doped BiFeO3. The results highlight the importance of surface potential changes induced by the interaction of solid surfaces with water and the ability of photoelectron spectroscopy to quantitatively determine electrochemical reduction potentials and defect energy levels.

Band Gap Tuning of Solution-Processed Ferroelectric Perovskite BiFe1-x Co x O3 Thin Films.

Ferroelectric perovskite oxides are emerging as a promising photoactive layer for photovoltaic applications because of their very high stability and their alternative ferroelectricity-related mechanism for solar energy conversion that could lead to extraordinarily high efficiencies. One of the biggest challenges so far is to reduce their band gap toward the visible region while simultaneously retaining ferroelectricity. To address these two issues, herein an elemental composition engineering of BiFeO3 is performed by substituting Fe by Co cations, as a means to tune the characteristics of the transition metal-oxygen bond. We demonstrate by solution processing the formation of epitaxial, pure phase, and stable BiFe1-x Co x O3 thin films for x ≤ 0.3 and film thickness up to 100 nm. Importantly, the band gap can be tuned from 2.7 to 2.3 eV upon cobalt substitution while simultaneously enhancing ferroelectricity. As a proof of concept, nonoptimized vertical devices have been fabricated and, reassuringly, the electrical photoresponse in the visible region of the Co-substituted phase is improved with respect to the unsubstituted oxide.

Características de crianças com câncer e insucesso da cateterização intravenosa periférica / Characteristics of children with cancer and failure of peripheral intravenous cateterization / Características de los niños con cáncer y fracaso de la cateterización intravenosa periférica

Objetivo: Descrever características demográficas, clínicas, da terapia intravenosa prévia e cateterização intravenosa periférica em crianças com câncer e insucesso do procedimento. Método: trata-se de um estudo descritivo do tipo transversal, realizado com 18 crianças com insucesso da punção intravenosa periférica, internadas na clínica oncológica pediátrica do Hospital Estadual da Criança, em Feira de Santana-Bahia, entre Abril de 2015 e Dezembro de 2016. Resultados:evidenciou-se o insucesso em 11,7% das crianças. A maioria tinha 01 a 49 meses, pardas, sexo masculino, eutróficas, e o principal motivo de insucesso foi transfixação da veia. Os fatores predisponentes relativos ao insucesso foram história de dificuldade de inserção de cateter intravenoso periférico, complicação anterior à terapia intravenosa, internação anterior e antecedente de infiltração. Conclusão: o percentual de insucesso da punção intravenosa periférica é semelhante aos valores encontrados em estudos sobre o contexto, relacionado com o perfil das crianças, a terapia utilizada, e os fatores predisponentes

Objective:To describe demographic, clinical, prior intravenous therapy and peripheral intravenous catheterization characteristics in children with cancer and procedural failure. Method: this is a cross-sectional descriptive study of 18 children with peripheral intravenous puncture failure hospitalized at the pediatric oncology clinic of Hospital Estadual da Criança, in Feira de Santana-Bahia, between April 2015 and December 2016 Results: failure was observed in 11.7% of the children. The majority were 01 to 49 months, brown, male, eutrophic, and the main reason for failure was transfixation of the vein. The predisposing factors related to failure were a history of difficulty in insertion of a peripheral intravenous catheter, a complication prior to intravenous therapy, previous hospitalization and previous infiltration. Conclusion:the percentage of failure of the peripheral intravenous puncture is similar to the values found in studies on the context, related to the profile of the children, the therapy used, and the predisposing factors

Objetivo: Describir características demográficas, clínicas, de la terapia intravenosa previa y cateterización intravenosa periférica en niños con cáncer y fracaso del procedimiento. Método: se trata de un estudio descriptivo del tipo transversal, realizado con 18 niños con fracaso de la punción intravenosa periférica, internados en la clínica oncológica pediátrica del Hospital Estadual del Niño, en Feira de Santana-Bahía, entre abril de 2015 y diciembre de 2016. Resultados: se evidenció el fracaso en el 11,7% de los niños. La mayoría tenía entre 01 y 49 meses, pardas, sexo masculino, eutróficas, y el principal motivo de fracaso fue la transfixación de la vena. Los factores predisponentes relativos al fracaso fueron historia de dificultad de inserción de catéter intravenoso periférico, complicación anterior a la terapia intravenosa, internación anterior y antecedente de infiltración. Conclusión: el porcentaje de fracaso de la punción intravenosa periférica es similar a los valores encontrados en estudios sobre el contexto, relacionado con el perfil de los niños, la terapia utilizada, y los factores predisponentes

Phisical modalities on the functional performance in knee osteoarthritis: a sytematic review / Modalidades físicas no desempenho funcional na osteoartrite de joelho: uma revisão sistemática

Abstract Introduction: Despite recent advances in the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA), few studies have evaluated the longitudinal effect of physical modalities in functional capacity in patients with knee OA. Thereby, since the physical components and pain can affect the functional performance of daily activities, the effect of these treatment's form is still to be established. Objective: Evaluate the effectiveness of therapeutic ultrasound, electrical stimulation and phototherapy in the functional performance, in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Methods: Articles present in the PubMed, Lilacs, SciELO and PEDro's databases were evaluated. The used keywords were "pulsed ultrasound therapy", "ultrasound therapy", "electric stimulation" and "low level laser therapy" in combination with "knee osteoarthritis". Were included in this presented review, randomized clinical studies using ultrasound, electrical and laser stimulation in subjects with knee osteoarthritis. To evaluate the methodological quality of the selected studies, was used the PEDro's scale. The dependent variables of the study were: pain, physical function, joint stiffness, life quality and functional performance. Results: 268 studies were found, of these, 41 studies met eligibility criteria and were classified for analysis in full. The used methodology in the studies varied widely, however, in most cases there was improvement in functional performance of individuals with knee OA, with the use of physical modalities, for the pulsed ultrasound, continuous ultrasound, electrical stimulation and laser resourses. Conclusion: The physical modalities used in the studies demonstrated improvement in functional performance of individuals with knee OA.

Resumo Introdução: Apesar dos avanços recentes no tratamento da Osteoartrite (OA), poucos estudos avaliaram o efeito longitudinal de modalidades físicas na capacidade funcional em pacientes com OA do joelho. Assim, uma vez que os componentes físicos e dor podem afetar o desempenho funcional de atividades diárias, o efeito dessas formas de tratamento ainda está para ser estabelecido. Objetivo: Avaliar a efetividade do uso do ultrassom terapêutico, estimulação elétrica e fototerapia no desempenho funcional em indivíduos com osteoartrite de joelhos. Métodos: Artigos presentes nas bases de dados PubMed, Lilacs, SciELO e PEDro foram avaliados. As palavras-chave utilizadas foram: "pulsed ultrasound therapeutic", "ultrasound therapeutic", "electric stimulation" e "low level laser therapy" em combinação com "knee osteoarthritis". Foram incluídos na presente revisão, estudos clínicos randomizados que utilizaram ultrassom, estimulação elétrica e laser em indivíduos com OA de joelhos. Para avaliar a qualidade metodológica dos estudos selecionados, utilizou-se a escala PEDro. As variáveis dependentes do estudo foram: dor, função física, rigidez articular, qualidade de vida e desempenho funcional. Resultados: Foram encontrados 268 estudos, desses, 41 estudos atenderam aos critérios de elegibilidade e foram classificados para análise na íntegra. A metodologia utilizada pelos estudos variou amplamente, no entanto, em sua maioria houve melhora no desempenho funcional de indivíduos com OA de joelho com a utilização de modalidades físicas, para os recursos Ultrassom pulsado, ultrassom contínuo, estimulação elétrica e laser. Conclusão: O uso das modalidades físicas utilizadas nos estudos demonstraram melhora no desempenho funcional de indivíduos com OA de joelhos.

Effectiveness of the Pilates method for individuals with nonspecific low back pain: clinical and electromyographic aspects

AIMS: The aim of this study was to verify the influence of Pilates on muscle activation of lumbar multifidus (LM) and transversus abdominis/internal oblique muscles (TrA/IO) in individuals with nonspecific low back pain. METHODS: Twelve individuals of both sexes with non-specific low back pain were evaluated before and after a two-month Pilates program in relation to electromyographic activity of LM and TrA/IO, as well as clinical aspects such as pain, flexibility, muscular endurance, quality of life; and Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire (in relation to physical and work-related activities. A statistical analysis was performed using a test for independent samples and significance was established at the level of 0.05. RESULTS: After eight weeks of Pilates training, there was an improvement in the clinical parameters of pain, flexibility, muscular endurance and disability. The individuals presented lower LM activation (p=0.025), higher trunk extension strength (p=0.005) and an increase in time from onset to peak muscle activation (p=0.02). CONCLUSION: Pilates protocol was effective for clinical improvement and motor behavior in patients with nonspecific low back pain and the parameters assessed showed a large effect size despite the small sample.(AU)

Narrativas do silêncio: movimento da luta antimanicomial, psicologia e política / Narratives of silences: antimanicomial movement, politics and psychology / Narrativas del silencio: movimiento de la lucha contra el asilo, psicología e política / Narratives de silence: mouvement des anti-asile, la psychologie et la politique

Este trabalho associa práticas profissionais no campo da psicologia e da saúde mental coletiva, tendo em vista pressupostos da pesquisa histórica. Neste sentido, buscou-se compreender como os (as) psicólogos (as) militantes da Reforma Psiquiátrica do Rio Grande do Sul constituíram suas trajetórias e como formularam noções de política, tendo em vista as experiências desenhadas no decorrer de suas trajetórias no campo da saúde mental. Realizou-se uma pesquisa qualitativa na qual se coletou e analisou narrativas de profissionais da área que participaram nas décadas de 1980 e 1990 do Movimento da Luta Antimanicomial no estado. A partir das análises das narrativas, e através do método proposto por Shutze, emergiram dimensões que transversalizaram as narrativas individuais e constituíram uma possível trajetória coletiva. A articulação dos achados com o pensamento de Hannah Arendt, ressaltou a importância da discussão acerca das relações entre política e psicologia.

This paper associates practices in psychology and in collective mental health, regarding historical research assumptions. We aim to understand how Psychiatric Reform militant psychologists, in Rio Grande do Sul, brought their paths together and how they formed notions of politics, considering the experiences designed throughout their careers in the mental health field. We performed a qualitative research, collecting and analysing narratives of professionals who took part in the Anti-Asylum Movement in Rio Grande do Sul, in the 80's and 90's. From the narratives analysis, and with the method proposed by Shutze, dimensions that transverse individual narratives and that constitute a possible collective path have arisen. These dimensions refer to resistance strategies, militancy experiences, and processes of (dis)accommodations. The connection of the findings with Hannah Arendt's thought, especially in relation to the concepts of active life and public sphere, emphasized the importance of discussing the relationship between politics and psychology. This dialogue is the basis to establish fundamental changes in the mental health field and even in other social policies.

Este trabajo combina prácticas profesionales en el campo de la psicología y la salud mental colectiva, supuestos determinados de la investigación histórica. En este sentido, hemos tratado de entender cómo (los) psicólogos (as) militantes de Rio Grande do Sul Reforma Psiquiátrica constituido sus trayectorias y cómo la política formulada nociones, teniendo en cuenta las experiencias extraídas en el curso de sus carreras en el campo de la salud mental. Hemos llevado a cabo un estudio cualitativo en el que se recoge y analiza las narrativas profesionales del área que participó en los años 1980 y 1990 el movimiento anti-Asylum en el estado. A partir del análisis de los relatos, y por medio del método propuesto por Shutze surgido dimensiones transversalizaram narrativas individuales y constituyó un posible viaje colectivo. La articulación de los hallazgos en el pensamiento de Hannah Arendt, destacó la importancia de la discusión sobre la relación entre la política y la psicología.

Ce travail combine la pratique professionnelle dans le domaine de la psychologie et de la santé mentale collective, les hypothèses données de la recherche historique. En ce sens, nous avons cherché à comprendre comment (les) psychologues (les) militants du Rio Grande do Sul Réforme psychiatrique constituait leurs trajectoires et que les notions de politique formulées, compte tenu des expériences tirées au cours de leur carrière dans le domaine de la santé mentale. Nous avons mené une étude qualitative dans laquelle ils ont recueilli et analysé secteur professionnel des récits qui ont participé dans les années 1980 et 1990, le Mouvement Anti-Asile dans l'état. De l'analyse du récit, et par la méthode proposée par Shutze émergé dimensions transversalizaram récits individuels et constitué un voyage collectif possible. L'articulation des résultats à la pensée de Hannah Arendt a souligné l'importance de la discussion sur la relation entre la politique et la psychologie.

Golpe civil-militar: a psicologia e o movimento estudantil do Rio Grande do Sul / Civil-military coup-d'état: the psychology and the student movement of Rio Grande do Sul

O texto trata do movimento estudantil da Psicologia no Rio Grande do Sul e busca compreender motivos e processos de ativismo político empregados durante o período de ditadura no Brasil, de 1964 a 1985. Para tanto, procurou registrar as ações coletivas empreendidas, que, apesar da repressão política, protagonizaram ações de resistência. Os procedimentos metodológicos consistiram na associação do exame de imagens, de entrevistas e de documentos escritos relacionados ao acervo do Diretório Acadêmico do Instituto de Psicologia da PUCRS. A análise dos registros desta trajetória revelou associações entre as práticas psicológicas e as ações políticas e incita discussões acerca das especificidades das relações sociais naquele momento histórico. Além disto, constatou-se que estudantes envolvidos nesse processo foram, mais tarde, protagonistas de outros movimentos que levaram a mudanças sociais significativas.(AU)

This text is about the Psychology student activism in Rio Grande do Sul and tries to comprehend the reasons and processes of the politic activism during the civil-military dictatorship period, which happened from 1964 to 1985. In order to do that, we tried to register the collective actions that were employed and that, despite the political repression, were important acts of resistance. The methodological procedures consisted on the association of the examination of images, interviews and written documents related to the Psychology academic directory of PUCRS University. The analysis of this registers revealed associations between the psychological practices and the political actions and incites discussions about the specificities of the social relations in that historical context. Besides that, it is known that some of the students evolved in this process were, later, protagonists of other movements that leaded to significant social changes.(AU)