Asunto(s)
Terapia Cognitivo-Conductual/métodos , Promoción de la Salud/métodos , Trastornos Mentales/psicología , Aplicaciones Móviles , Adulto , Empatía , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Masculino , Trastornos Mentales/terapia , Salud Mental , Salud Pública , Autoimagen , Teléfono InteligenteRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The present study examined the effectiveness of three staff training elements: psychoeducation (PE) on autism, introduction of functional behavioural analysis (FBA) and emotional management (EM), on the reaction of challenging behaviours for frontline staff towards children with autism in Hong Kong special education settings. METHODS: A sample of 311 frontline staff in educational settings was recruited to one of the three conditions: control, PE-FBA and PE-FBA-EM groups. A total of 175 participants completed all three sets of questionnaires during pre-training, immediate post-training and 1-month follow-up. RESULTS: Findings showed that the one-session staff training workshop increased staff knowledge of autism and perceived efficacy but decrease helping behavioural intention. CONCLUSIONS: In spite of the limited effectiveness of a one-session staff training workshop, continued staff training is still necessary for the improvement of service quality. Further exploration on how to change emotion response of staff is important.
Asunto(s)
Trastorno Autístico/rehabilitación , Educación Especial , Conocimientos, Actitudes y Práctica en Salud , Conducta de Ayuda , Adulto , Trastorno Autístico/psicología , Trastorno de la Conducta/psicología , Trastorno de la Conducta/rehabilitación , Educación/métodos , Femenino , Hong Kong , Humanos , Capacitación en Servicio/métodos , Discapacidad Intelectual/rehabilitación , Masculino , Distribución Aleatoria , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Recursos HumanosRESUMEN
Suicidal ideation is life-threatening and is prevalent among people living with HIV (PLWH). A dearth of such studies was conducted in China. This study investigated the prevalence of suicidal ideation and associated factors among PLWH who were former blood and/or plasma donors (FBPD) in a rural county in central China. Prospective respondents were randomly selected from a local registry; 176 PLWH who were FBPD joined the study. With informed consent, these PLWH and their spouse were interviewed separately and anonymously. Respectively, 34 and 8% of the sampled (index) PLWH self-reported having suicidal ideation and making a suicidal attempt in the last year. The multivariate analyses results showed that the index PLWH's Physical Function subscale score of the Medical Outcomes Study HIV Health Survey scale (Odds ratio (OR)=6.67, 95% CI=1.69-26.27,
Asunto(s)
Donantes de Sangre/psicología , Infecciones por VIH/psicología , Ideación Suicida , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Donantes de Sangre/estadística & datos numéricos , China/epidemiología , Femenino , Infecciones por VIH/epidemiología , Seropositividad para VIH/epidemiología , Seropositividad para VIH/psicología , Encuestas Epidemiológicas , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Análisis Multivariante , Factores de Riesgo , Salud Rural , Factores Socioeconómicos , Adulto JovenAsunto(s)
Conductas Relacionadas con la Salud , Estilo de Vida , Trastornos Mentales/psicología , Evaluación de Necesidades , Calidad de Vida/psicología , Adulto , Femenino , Hong Kong , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Satisfacción Personal , Características de la Residencia , Autoimagen , Apoyo SocialAsunto(s)
Trastornos Mentales/psicología , Aceptación de la Atención de Salud , Distancia Psicológica , Estigma Social , Adolescente , Adulto , Femenino , Personal de Salud , Hong Kong , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Modelos Psicológicos , Análisis Multivariante , Relaciones Médico-Paciente , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
A random sample of 271 people living with HIV (PLWH) who were former plasma/blood donors and a convenience sample of 67 HIV negative villagers were anonymously interviewed. Compared with the non-PLWH, PLWH reported higher prevalence of symptoms of depression (adjusted OR = 2.53, p=0.001), anxiety (adjusted OR = 1.85, p=0.04), and stress (adjusted OR = 1.77, p=0.06). Of the PLWH respondents, 81.7% received Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART); 32.1% of whom reported some side effects. Respectively 13.7%, 37.4%, and 38.4% PLWH perceived discrimination from their family members, relatives/friends, and neighbors. Absence of HAART, poor physical function, perceived discrimination from relatives and friends, and low level of resilience were associated with depression (stepwise regression; beta = - 0.28-0.17, R-square = 0.22), anxiety and stress (R-square = 0.32 and 0.16, respectively). The majority of respondents (70.1%) desired group intervention as a means for providing psychological support services. Relevant programs should both remove risk factors (e.g., absence of medical treatment, HIV-related discrimination) and promote protective factors (e.g., resilience). Support group is one of the potentially useful approaches to provide psychological support services.