Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 20 de 24
Filtrar
Más filtros

País/Región como asunto
Tipo del documento
País de afiliación
Intervalo de año de publicación
1.
Cancer Invest ; : 1-12, 2024 Oct 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39354719

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND & AIM: Recent advancements in analytical techniques have highlighted the potential of Attenuated Total Reflection-Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy as a quick, cost-effective, non-invasive, and efficient tool for cancer diagnosis. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of ATR-FTIR spectroscopy in combination with supervised machine learning classification models for diagnosing OSCC using saliva samples. METHODS & MATERIALS: Eighty unstimulated whole saliva samples from OSCC patients and healthy controls were collected. The ATR-FTIR spectroscopy was performed and spectral data were used to classify healthy and OSCC groups. The data were analyzed using machine learning classification methods such as Partial Least Squares-Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) and Support Vector Machine Classification (SVM-C). The classification performance of the models was evaluated by computing sensitivity, specificity, precision, and accuracy. RESULTS: The samples were classified into two classes based on their spectral data. The obtained results demonstrate a high level of accuracy in the prediction sets of the PLS-DA and SVM-C models, with accuracy values of 0.960 and 0.962, respectively. The OSCC group sensitivity values for both PLS-DA and SVM-C models was 1.00, respectively. CONCLUSION: The study indicates that ATR-FTIR spectroscopy, combined with chemometrics, is a potential method for the non-invasive diagnosis of OSCC using saliva samples. This method achieved high accuracy and the findings of this study suggest that ATR-FTIR spectroscopy could be further developed for clinical applications in OSCC diagnosis.

2.
Support Care Cancer ; 31(8): 497, 2023 Jul 28.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37505326

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: Oral mucositis (OM) is a common complication of cancer treatment that has an impact on a patient's quality of life and the outcome of cancer therapy. This trial evaluated the effect of thyme honey oral gel for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced OM. METHODS: One hundred ten breast cancer patients who received their first cycle of chemotherapy with adriamycin (60 mg/m2) and cyclophosphamide (600 mg/m2) were randomly recruited into two groups: group A were patients who followed general oral hygiene recommendations and rinsing saline 3 times a day, and group B were patients with similar protocol but supplied with our formulated oral gel to be applied 2 to 4 times a day. Patients were assessed by the World Health Organization (WHO) oral mucositis grading scales and self-assessment daily questionnaire. RESULTS: The use of thyme honey was associated with diminishing incidence of OM grade ≥ 2 (95% CI, 0.12 to 0.90; P = 0.030), duration of OM (- 3.36 days; 95% CI, - 5.50 to - 1.22; P = 0.037) and delayed occurrence of OM grade ≥ 2 (95% CI, 0.10 to 0.80; P = 0.017). CONCLUSION: Thyme honey can be considered as a prophylactic agent for OM and decrease the severity of its symptoms. TRIAL REGISTRATIONS: This protocol was registered at the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials: registration number IRCT201506063106N25, on June 12, 2015; approved by the institutional review board at the Deputy of Research, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; and approved by the Ethics Committee of Medical Researches of Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch of Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran-reference number 5936, on August 17, 2014.


Asunto(s)
Antineoplásicos , Neoplasias de la Mama , Miel , Estomatitis , Thymus (Planta) , Humanos , Femenino , Neoplasias de la Mama/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias de la Mama/complicaciones , Doxorrubicina/efectos adversos , Calidad de Vida , Irán , Estomatitis/inducido químicamente , Estomatitis/prevención & control , Estomatitis/tratamiento farmacológico , Ciclofosfamida/efectos adversos , Antineoplásicos/efectos adversos
3.
BMC Oral Health ; 23(1): 433, 2023 06 29.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37386382

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the oral mucosa, which has potential for malignant transformation. MicroRNAs play an important role in immunopathogenesis of OLP, and may be used for prediction of its malignant transformation. This study aimed to assess the salivary level of microRNA-146a and microRNA-155 biomarkers in patients with OLP and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). METHODS: In this case-control study, unstimulated saliva samples were collected from 60 patients, including 15 patients with dysplastic OLP, 15 OLP patients without dysplasia, 15 patients with OSCC, and 15 healthy controls according to the Navazesh technique. After RNA extraction, the expression of microRNA-146a and microRNA-155 was quantified by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The data were analyzed by the Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn-Bonferroni tests. RESULTS: The difference in expression of microRNA-146a and microRNA-155 among the four groups was significant (P < 0.05). Pairwise comparisons of the groups showed significantly higher expression of microRNA-146a in OLP (P = 0.004) and dysplastic OLP (P = 0.046) patients compared with the control group. Up-regulation of this biomarker in OSCC patients was not significant compared with the control group (P = 0.076). Up-regulation of micro-RNA-155 was only significant in OLP group, compared with the control group (P = 0.009). No other significant differences were found (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Considering the altered expression of MicroRNA-146a and microRNA-155 in dysplastic OLP and OSCC, their altered expression may serve as an alarming sign of malignancy. However, further investigations are still required.


Asunto(s)
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas , Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello , Liquen Plano Oral , MicroARNs , Neoplasias de la Boca , Humanos , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/genética , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Cabeza y Cuello , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Liquen Plano Oral/genética , Neoplasias de la Boca/genética , Biomarcadores , Hiperplasia
4.
BMC Cancer ; 22(1): 473, 2022 Apr 30.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35488257

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most common cancer and the third cause of cancer deaths globally, with late diagnosis, low survival rate, and poor prognosis. This case-control study aimed to evaluate the expression of cystatin B (CSTB) and deleted in malignant brain tumor 1 (DMBT1) in the saliva of GC patients with healthy individuals to construct diagnostic algorithms using statistical analysis and machine learning methods. METHODS: Demographic data, clinical characteristics, and food intake habits of the case and control group were gathered through a standard checklist. Unstimulated whole saliva samples were taken from 31 healthy individuals and 31 GC patients. Through ELISA test and statistical analysis, the expression of salivary CSTB and DMBT1 proteins was evaluated. To construct diagnostic algorithms, we used the machine learning method. RESULTS: The mean salivary expression of CSTB in GC patients was significantly lower (115.55 ± 7.06, p = 0.001), and the mean salivary expression of DMBT1 in GC patients was significantly higher (171.88 ± 39.67, p = 0.002) than the control. Multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated that GC was significantly correlated with high levels of DMBT1 after controlling the effects of age of participants (R2 = 0.20, p < 0.001). Considering salivary CSTB greater than 119.06 ng/mL as an optimal cut-off value, the sensitivity and specificity of CSTB in the diagnosis of GC were 83.87 and 70.97%, respectively. The area under the ROC curve was calculated as 0.728. The optimal cut-off value of DMBT1 for differentiating GC patients from controls was greater than 146.33 ng/mL (sensitivity = 80.65% and specificity = 64.52%). The area under the ROC curve was up to 0.741. As a result of the machine learning method, the area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve for the diagnostic ability of CSTB, DMBT1, demographic data, clinical characteristics, and food intake habits was 0.95. The machine learning model's sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were 100, 70.8, and 80.5%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Salivary levels of DMBT1 and CSTB may be accurate in diagnosing GCs. Machine learning analyses using salivary biomarkers, demographic, clinical, and nutrition habits data simultaneously could provide affordability models with acceptable accuracy for differentiation of GC by a cost-effective and non-invasive method.


Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Gástricas , Biomarcadores de Tumor/metabolismo , Proteínas de Unión al Calcio/metabolismo , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Cistatina B/metabolismo , Proteínas de Unión al ADN/metabolismo , Humanos , Saliva/metabolismo , Neoplasias Gástricas/patología , Proteínas Supresoras de Tumor/metabolismo
5.
Support Care Cancer ; 31(1): 31, 2022 Dec 15.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36517616

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: Considering the complex pathobiology of oral mucositis, especially in oral cancer patients, the prevention and treatment of oral mucositis in patients undergoing radiotherapy remains an essential and clinically crucial unmet need. The present study aims to investigate and compare the effects of synbiotic mouthwash with normal saline mouthwash on the prevention and control of radiotherapy-induced oral mucositis in oral cancer patients. METHODS: Double-blind, randomized clinical trial (RCT) performed on 64 oral cancer patients who underwent radiotherapy (IRCT20201106049288N1, registration date: 2020-12-23). Patients were divided randomly into the case (32 subjects) and control (32 subjects) groups. All patients underwent intensity-modulated radiotherapy and received 6000 cGY of radiotherapy in 34 fractions. All patients received the usual treatment for mucositis, but in the case group, synbiotic mouthwash was prescribed and in the control group, normal saline mouthwash was prescribed from a day before the start to the end of radiotherapy treatment. Patients were monitored every session for 6 weeks to check the progression, oral involvement severity, and mucositis grade. RESULTS: The case group showed a significant reduction in the oral mucositis severity. The mucositis grade in the case group from the 7th session of oral examination was significantly lower than the control (p < 0.05), and this significant difference persisted until the last session of oral examination. Incidence rates of severe oral mucositis (grade 3) during the treatment period were 11.59% in the case and 36.45% in control (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Synbiotic mouthwash significantly reduces and prevents oral mucositis intensity in oral cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy.


Asunto(s)
Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello , Neoplasias de la Boca , Mucositis , Estomatitis , Simbióticos , Humanos , Antisépticos Bucales/uso terapéutico , Mucositis/tratamiento farmacológico , Solución Salina/uso terapéutico , Estomatitis/etiología , Estomatitis/prevención & control , Estomatitis/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias de la Boca/tratamiento farmacológico , Método Doble Ciego , Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello/complicaciones
6.
Int J Cancer ; 148(5): 1066-1076, 2021 03 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32895947

RESUMEN

Scant evidence exists to support the association of opium use with head and neck cancer, limited to the larynx and oral cavity. In a multicenter case-control study-Iran Opium and Cancer study, we recruited 633 cases of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) (254 lip and oral cavity, 54 pharynx, 327 larynx and 28 other subsites within the head and neck) and 3065 frequency-matched controls from April 2016 to April 2019. Odds ratios (ORs) for opium use and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were obtained using mixed-effects logistic regression because of heterogeneity among centers. The adjusted OR (95% CI) for regular opium use was 3.76 (2.96-4.79) for all HNSCC combined. Strong dose-response effects were observed by frequency or amount of use, and duration of use. Regular opium uses significantly increased the risk of HNSCC of the pharynx, larynx and other subsites within the head and neck with OR (95% CI) of 2.90 (1.40-6.02), 6.55 (4.69-9.13) and 5.95 (2.41-14.71), respectively. The observed associations were significant even among never tobacco smokers (including cigarette and water-pipe smoking). Moreover, by the multiplicative interaction scale, the effect of opium use could be varied by cigarette smoking on HNSCC, 8.16 (6.20-10.74). For the first time, the current study showed opium users have an increased risk of several anatomic subsites of HNSCC.


Asunto(s)
Adicción al Opio/complicaciones , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Cabeza y Cuello/inducido químicamente , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Femenino , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Riesgo
7.
Gen Dent ; 64(3): e10-3, 2016.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27148665

RESUMEN

Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is considered a chronic disease with a potentially fatal outcome. Studies have suggested that environmental factors and personal habits play an important role in the pathogenesis of PV, but more studies are required to elaborate their connection to the disease. The goal of this multicenter case-control study was to determine some of the environmental factors related to PV. Cases (n = 99) were patients with PV, and controls (n = 198) were individuals who did not have PV. Data about demographics, history, clinical findings, occupational exposures to pesticides, smoking status, number of births (parity), herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection, and fast food consumption were collected using a structured questionnaire. Chi-square and logistic regression analyses were used for data analysis. Univariate logistic regression analysis indicated that the statistically significant factors related to PV were infection with HSV in recent weeks (odds ratio [OR], 3.35; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.75-6.43), parity (OR, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.39-0.63), and lack of occupational exposure to pesticides (OR, 0.36; 95% CI, 0.21-0.60). Multivariate analysis revealed that significant factors were cessation of smoking (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 4.36; 95% CI, 1.50-12.66), HSV infection (AOR, 2.91; 95% CI, 1.47-5.75), and lack of occupational exposure to pesticides (AOR, 0.35; 95% CI, 0.20-0.63). The findings indicated that cessation of smoking and HSV infection in recent weeks are risk factors for PV, while lack of occupational exposure to pesticides and increasing parity (a greater number of births) are protective factors against PV.


Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de la Boca/etiología , Pénfigo/etiología , Adulto , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Comida Rápida/efectos adversos , Femenino , Herpes Simple/complicaciones , Humanos , Masculino , Exposición Profesional/efectos adversos , Paridad , Plaguicidas/efectos adversos , Factores de Riesgo , Fumar/efectos adversos , Encuestas y Cuestionarios
8.
Oral Health Prev Dent ; 13(4): 309-15, 2015.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25431805

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: To compare the efficacy of an Aloe vera mouthwash with a benzydamine mouthwash in the alleviation of radiation- induced mucositis in head and neck cancer patients using a triple-blind, randomised controlled trial. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-six eligible head and neck cancer patients who were to receive conventional radiation therapy at the radiation oncology department were randomised to receive an Aloe vera mouthwash or a benzydamine mouthwash. Mucositis severity was assessed during the course of radiation therapy using the WHO grading system. RESULTS: At baseline, there was no difference in the distribution of mucositis severity between the two groups. The mean interval between radiation therapy and onset of mucositis was similar for both groups (Aloe vera 15.69±7.77 days, benzydamine 15.85±12.96 days). The mean interval between the start of radiation therapy and the maximum severity of mucositis were was also similar in both the Aloe vera and benzydamine groups (Aloe vera 23.38±10.75 days, benzydamine 23.54±15.45 days). Mean changes of mucositis severity over time in both groups were statistically similar and the effect of both treatments did not change signficantly with time (p=0.09). CONCLUSION: Aloe vera mouthwash was as beneficial as benzydamine mouthwash in alleviating the severity of radiation-induced mucositis and showed no side effects. The Aloe vera mouthwash could be an alternative agent in the treatment of radiation-induced mucositis in patients with head and neck cancers.


Asunto(s)
Aloe , Antiinflamatorios/uso terapéutico , Bencidamina/uso terapéutico , Antisépticos Bucales/uso terapéutico , Extractos Vegetales/uso terapéutico , Traumatismos por Radiación/tratamiento farmacológico , Estomatitis/tratamiento farmacológico , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Femenino , Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello/radioterapia , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Fitoterapia/métodos , Traumatismos por Radiación/etiología , Dosificación Radioterapéutica , Radioterapia de Alta Energía , Estomatitis/etiología , Resultado del Tratamiento
9.
Transl Oncol ; 41: 101880, 2024 Mar.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38262109

RESUMEN

AIM: Colorectal cancer (CRC), as the third most frequent malignancy in the world, is the fourth major cause of cancer-related mortality. Its early detection contributes significantly to a reduction in mortality. The objective of this case-control research was to analyze the salivary expression of microRNA-29a (miR-29a) and microRNA-92a (miR-92a), and also to consider demographic, clinical, and nutritional habits for differentiation between CRC patients and healthy controls, especially in the early stages. METHOD: A standard checklist was used to obtain the demographic information, clinical features, and dietary habits of the case and control groups. Samplings of whole unstimulated saliva samples were obtained from 33 healthy persons and 42 CRC patients. Through real-time PCR, statistical analyses, and machine learning analyses, miR-29a and miR-92a salivary expression levels were evaluated. RESULTS: The mean salivary expression of miR-92a and miR-29a in CRC patients was significantly higher than in healthy controls (p < 0.001). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for miR-92a and miR-29a salivary biomarkers was 0.947 and 0.978, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity values for miR-92a were 95.24 % and 84.85 %, respectively, whereas sensitivity and specificity for miR-29a were equal to 95.20 % and 87.88 %, respectively. Multiple logistic regressions considering demographics, clinical features, and nutritional habits led to values of 95.35 % and 96.88 % as sensitivity and specificity, respectively, and machine learning analysis led to values of 88.89 % and 86.67 % as sensitivity and specificity, respectively. CONCLUSION: CRC could be accurately diagnosed based on miR-92a and miR-29a levels in saliva. Statistical analysis and machine learning might develop cost-effective models for the distinction of CRC using a noninvasive technique.

10.
Iran J Microbiol ; 15(1): 163-173, 2023 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37069909

RESUMEN

Background and Objectives: Candida tropicalis is one of the major non-albicans species causing nosocomial infection. There is limited data about mechanisms of azole-resistance and virulence factors of Candida tropicalis. This study was designed to investigate molecular mechanism of azole-resistance and major virulence factors of C. tropicalis isolated from oropharyngeal candidiasis in head and neck cancer patients. Materials and Methods: After collecting 38 C. tropicalis clinical isolates, antifungal susceptibility pattern and the expression levels of ERG11, CDR1, CDR2 and MDR1 were evaluated. Moreover, proteinase and phospholipase activity and biofilm formation of the isolates were investigated as virulence factors. Results: We detected fluconazole resistance in 7 C. tropicalis isolates. The expression levels of CDR1, ERG11 and MDR1 were increased respectively. Protease activity and biofilm formation were seen in all isolates. Five isolates did not exhibit phospholipase activity. Conclusion: Taken together, the overexpressions of ERG11, CDR1 and MDR1 genes were found in fluconazole resistant C. tropicalis, isolated from oropharyngeal candidiasis patients. Also, voriconazole was an effective antifungal against C. tropicalis isolates. The observed high protease enzyme activity and biofilm formation suggested strong pathogenicity of these isolates.

11.
Dent Res J (Isfahan) ; 20: 36, 2023.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37180683

RESUMEN

Background: The prevalence of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has increased in recent years. With the development of various treatments, the mortality rate has decreased and more people are living with the consequences of the disease and its treatment, which can have a great impact on the quality of life. Some questionnaires measure the impact of the disease on daily activities and patient behavior. In this study, the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQOL) was assessed through the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP)-14 questionnaire between the OSCC patient and control groups. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the OHIP-14 questionnaire was given to 51 OSCC patients who had completed the treatment at least 6 months before participating in this study and 51 healthy individuals, and we used the Chi-square test, independent sample t-test, one-way ANOVA, and linear regression in three models. P = 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The mean age of patients was 55.86 ± 15.04 years and the control group was 54.96 ± 14.08 years. Women made up 51% of patients. The mean OHIP score was 22.84 ± 11.42 in the patient group and 17.92 ± 9.23 in the control group, which indicates a significant (P = 0.005) difference between the two groups according to the independent sample t-test. Conclusion: The OHRQOL of patients has significantly decreased compared to the control group. Surgery had the lowest quality reduction, and combined surgical treatment with radiotherapy and chemotherapy had the highest reduction in the OHRQOL. It is recommended to have regular follow-up sessions and to have a proper diet during and after treatment.

12.
Arch Oral Biol ; 154: 105757, 2023 Oct.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37419061

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the current work was to assess the molecular mechanisms of fluconazole-resistant Candida glabrata strains isolated from oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC) in head and neck patients, as well as evaluation of virulence factors. DESIGN: Antifungal susceptibility pattern of sixty six clinical isolates of C. glabrata were evaluated by broth-microdilution method. The expression of ERG11, CDR1, CDR2, PDR1 genes as well as ERG11 gene capable of possible mutations was also detected in 21 fluconazol-resistant C. glabrata isolates. Phospholipase and proteinase activity of these isolates was estimated, too. The correlation between the virulence factors, antifungal susceptibility patterns and cancer type was also analyzed. RESULTS: Seven synonymous and four non-synonymous mutations were found in 21 fluconazole-resistant C. glabrata isolates; subsequently, four amino acid substitutions including H257P, Q47H, S487Y and I285N were then reported for the first time. High expression of CDR1 and PDR1 in related to other gene findings were tested in these isolates. Additionally, there was no significant difference between stage of cancer and MIC of all antimicrobial drugs. Significant differences between MIC of fluconazole, voriconazole and cancer types were also, found. The proteinase activity (92.4%) was higher than phospholipase activity in the isolates. Further, no significant difference between proteinase (rs: 0.003), phospholipase (rs: -0.107) activity and fluconazole MICs was observed. CONCLUSION: C. glabrata isolated from OPC in head and neck patients represented high capacities for proteolytic enzymes activity and high mRNA level of CDR1 and PDR1 gene and ERG11 mutations play an important role in azole drug resistance.


Asunto(s)
Candidiasis Bucal , Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello , Humanos , Antifúngicos/farmacología , Azoles/farmacología , Fluconazol/farmacología , Candida glabrata/genética , Proteínas Fúngicas/genética , Proteínas Fúngicas/metabolismo , Proteínas Fúngicas/farmacología , Farmacorresistencia Fúngica/genética , Factores de Virulencia , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana
13.
Health Sci Rep ; 6(11): e1706, 2023 Nov.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38028713

RESUMEN

Background and Aims: Oral mucositis is one of the most serious complications due to chemotherapy and radiotherapy in head and neck cancer treatment. Oral mucositis causes a wide range of clinical signs and symptoms, such as ulcers, pain, and dysphagia. Additionally, because of speech limitations, patients' self-esteem will decrease, ultimately causing reduced quality of life. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the role of diet in the onset and progress of mucositis induced by chemotherapy and radiation therapy in patients with cancers. Methods: In this study, 121 patients with a mean age of 51.43 ± 13.08 years were selected randomly and referred to the cancer institute, where they underwent their first phase of chemotherapy. In this step, patients were examined and their severity of oral mucositis was graded according to the World Health Organization criteria. They completed a 3-day allergen food recall and dietary recommendations were met. After completing the forms, four questionnaires were filled out for each patient, the patient's nutrition was analyzed using the N4 software, and the amount of macro- and micronutrients was measured. Results: Micronutrients such as aspartic acid, glycine, serine, proline, alanine, arginine, glutamic acid, and vitamin B12 and macronutrients such as rose water, sausage, beverages, coffee, and lamb meat were examined, and a significant difference was observed between groups (grade 1 and 2 mucositis) (p < 0.005). In patients with grade 2 mucositis, a lower level of vitamin B12 was reported (p < 0.005). There is a negative correlation between amounts of macro- and micronutrients and grades of oral mucositis. Conclusion: It can be concluded that diet plays a considerable role in the severity of oral mucositis caused by cancer treatment.

14.
Cancer Med ; 11(13): 2644-2661, 2022 07.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35315584

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Salivary diagnostics and their utility as a nonaggressive approach for breast cancer diagnosis have been extensively studied in recent years. This meta-analysis assesses the diagnostic value of salivary biomarkers in differentiating between patients with breast cancer and controls. METHODS: We conducted a meta-analysis and systematic review of studies related to salivary diagnostics published in PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Ovid, Science Direct, Web of Science (WOS), and Google Scholar. The articles were chosen utilizing inclusion and exclusion criteria, as well as assessing their quality. Specificity and sensitivity, along with negative and positive likelihood ratios (NLR and PLR) and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), were calculated based on random- or fixed-effects model. Area under the curve (AUC) and summary receiver-operating characteristic (SROC) were plotted and evaluated, and Fagan's Nomogram was evaluated for clinical utility. RESULTS: Our systematic review and meta-analysis included 14 papers containing 121 study units with 8639 adult subjects (4149 breast cancer patients and 4490 controls without cancer). The pooled specificity and sensitivity were 0.727 (95% CI: 0.713-0.740) and 0.717 (95% CI: 0.703-0.730), respectively. The pooled NLR and PLR were 0.396 (95% CI: 0.364-0.432) and 2.597 (95% CI: 2.389-2.824), respectively. The pooled DOR was 7.837 (95% CI: 6.624-9.277), with the AUC equal to 0.801. The Fagan's nomogram showed post-test probabilities of 28% and 72% for negative and positive outcomes, respectively. We also conducted subgroup analyses to determine specificity, sensitivity, DOR, PLR, and NLR based on the mean age of patients (≤52 or >52 years old), saliva type (stimulated and unstimulated saliva), biomarker measurement method (mass spectrometry [MS] and non-MS measurement methods), sample size (≤55 or >55), biomarker type (proteomics, metabolomics, transcriptomics and proteomics, and reagent-free biophotonic), and nations. CONCLUSION: Saliva, as a noninvasive biomarker, has the potential to accurately differentiate breast cancer patients from healthy controls.


Asunto(s)
Neoplasias de la Mama , Adulto , Biomarcadores/análisis , Neoplasias de la Mama/diagnóstico , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Oportunidad Relativa , Curva ROC , Sensibilidad y Especificidad
15.
J Dent (Shiraz) ; 23(2): 144-150, 2022 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35783500

RESUMEN

Statement of the Problem: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) constitutes more than 90% of oral malignancies. The main risk factors of OSCC include cigarette smoking and alcohol. However, since not all smokers or alcohol drinkers develop this disease, other factors have also been suggested including genetic characteristics of every person to be implicated in the probability of developing OSCC. Purpose: Our aim in this study is to investigate the possible relationship between fingerprint patterns and the probability of developing OSCC. Materials and Method: In a cross sectional study, we had 140 patients in 2 groups as OSCC and cancer free. Fingerprints were recorded by fingerprint scanner device. The fingerprint patterns were categorized into three major groups and four subgroups. Groups were tested by chi-square. Results: The relationship between the main fingerprint patterns and incidence of OSCC became significant (p= 0.037). The frequency of the main pattern of Arch was significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group (p< 0.05). Considering the main patterns of Loop and Whorl, no significant difference existed between the two groups. Furthermore, the frequency of subtype patterns of Double Whorl and Central Pocket Whorl was significantly higher in the control group than in the experimental group (p< 0.05). Conclusion: Since dermatoglyphics is contingent upon genetic variations, fingerprint can be used for investigating the susceptibility of people in developing different diseases, though further studies are required in this regard. This method is in no way a substitute for gold standard methods for diagnosis.

16.
Microrna ; 10(1): 74-79, 2021.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33970852

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) includes more than 90% of malignancies of the oral cavity. Early diagnosis could effectively improve patients' quality of life and treatment outcomes of oral cancers. MicroRNAs as non-encoding genes have great potential to initiate or suppress cancer progression. Recent studies have shown that disruption of micro-RNA regulation is a common occurrence in cancers. OBJECTIVE: This study set out to evaluate the expression of microRNA-15a (miR-15a) and microRNA- 16-1 (miR-16-1) in the saliva of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) patients in comparison with a healthy control group. METHODS: This case-control study was performed on fifteen patients with OSCC and fifteen healthy volunteers as the control group. A 5 ml of non-stimulating whole saliva was collected by spitting method from patients and controls and stored at -70°C. The expression of miR-15a and miR-16-1 was investigated using quantitative Reverse-Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR). RESULTS: MiR-15a and miR-16-1 were downregulated in OSCC patients compared with the control group (p<0.001). The sensitivity of miR-15a and miR-16-1 in differentiating OSCC patients from healthy individuals was 93.3% and 86.67%, respectively, and their specificity was 86.67% and 92.33%, respectively. The diagnostic accuracy of miR-15a was 90%, and miR-16-1 was 93.3%. CONCLUSION: The present study showed a decrease in the relative expression of miR-15a and miR-16-1 in OSCC patients compared with healthy individuals. It is probable to introduce salivary values of miR-15a and miR-16-1 as a non-invasive tool for early detection of OSCC. Decreased expression of miR-15a and miR-16-1 in OSCC indicates the possible effective role of these genes in OSCC etiopathogenesis.


Asunto(s)
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas , Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello , MicroARNs , Neoplasias de la Boca , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/diagnóstico , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/genética , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica , Humanos , MicroARNs/genética , Neoplasias de la Boca/diagnóstico , Neoplasias de la Boca/genética , Calidad de Vida , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Cabeza y Cuello
17.
Front Dent ; 17(6): 1-6, 2020 Mar.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33615304

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVES: Oral candidiasis has increased in recent years because of the increasing number of high-risk populations. The prevalence of Candida species is different worldwide because of the difference between population characteristics, sampling protocols, and geographic regions. Therefore, determining the more prevalent Candida species in different geographic regions seems essential. This study aimed to determine the more prevalent Candida species in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients in comparison with healthy individuals in Iran in 2016. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-one patients with AML and 62 healthy controls participated in this cross-sectional study. Samples were collected using a swab rubbed softly on the dorsal surface of the tongue and the oropharynx. The samples were cultured on CHROMagar Candida for 2 to 4 days. For differentiation between albicans and non-albicans species, positive samples were linearly inoculated on Corn Meal Agar with Tween-80. Candida species were identified using a microscope. Data were analyzed using chi-square and Fisher's exact tests. RESULTS: Candida colonization was more frequent in AML patients (41.2%) in comparison with healthy participants (38.7%). Candida glabrata (C. glabrata; 27.5%) and Candida albicans (C. albicans; 32.3%) were the most common isolated species in the AML patients and the controls, respectively. There was a significant decrease in the frequency of C. albicans (P=0.022) and a significant increase in the frequency of C. glabrata (P=0.002) in the AML patients in comparison with the controls. CONCLUSION: AML patients are more susceptible to candidiasis. C. glabrata is the dominant Candida species in AML patients.

18.
Oral Health Prev Dent ; 18(1): 765-771, 2020 Sep 04.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32895660

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: Oral mucositis (OM) is the most frequent side effect of radiation. Selenium deficiency leads to increased levels of free oxygen radicals and the selenium level tends to fall during radiotherapy. Hence, in this double-blind randomised controlled clinical trial, the effect of selenium was assessed in patients receiving radiation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients with head and neck cancer who were candidates to receive radiation were instructed to use selenium 200 mcg tablets twice daily. The grade of OM was evaluated by the World Health Organization (WHO) grading system on a weekly basis. The selenium level was measured at baseline and at the end of the radiation. RESULTS: Seventy-one patients with head and neck cancer (37 in the selenium group, 34 in the placebo group) were enrolled in the study. The cumulative incidence of OM (grade 1-4) was 97.3% in the selenium and 100% in placebo group (p value: 0.79), and difference in the mean serum selenium level at the end of radiation was not statistically significant between the two groups (p value 0.24) Conclusion: Selenium supplementation does not appear to affect the selenium level as well as the severity and duration of OM. It is supposed that higher doses may be effective in the prevention of RT-mucositis. This trial was registered in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials accessible at www.irct.ir (ID No. IRCT2014072718612N1).


Asunto(s)
Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello , Mucositis , Traumatismos por Radiación , Selenio , Estomatitis , Método Doble Ciego , Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello/radioterapia , Humanos , Incidencia , Irán
19.
Biomed Res Int ; 2020: 5185423, 2020.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33005687

RESUMEN

The antioxidant properties of uric acid may have a protective effect against the formation of oxygen radicals and subsequently against carcinogenicity. The present study aimed at evaluating the serum level of uric acid in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) with different histopathological grades. In this descriptive-analytical, case-control study, patients with OSCC and healthy controls were selected and matched regarding age and gender. The serum samples were collected from patients (before radiotherapy and chemotherapy) and controls, and their serum uric acid levels were measured enzymatically. Data were analyzed using independent t-test and ANOVA at 0.05 level of significance. The mean serum uric acid level in OSCC patients (4.2 ± 1.5 mg/dL) and healthy controls (4.38 ± 1.22 mg/dL) was not significantly different (P = 0.377). No significant association was noted between the histopathological grade of OSCC and mean serum uric acid (P = 0.781). The serum uric acid level had a direct significant correlation with age in OSCC patients (P < 0.001). The results of this study did not support the role of uric acid as a protective biomarker in OSCC. Further prospective studies are recommended to better elucidate the role of uric acid in the etiology of OSCC.


Asunto(s)
Biomarcadores de Tumor/sangre , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/sangre , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patología , Neoplasias de la Boca/sangre , Neoplasias de la Boca/patología , Ácido Úrico/sangre , Adulto , Anciano , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad
20.
Arch Oral Biol ; 98: 280-284, 2019 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30583134

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: Green tea consumption has been shown to reduce the incidence of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) in experimental animal models, however the results from human studies are inconclusive. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between green tea consumption and the risk of HNSCC. DESIGN: The study utilised a standardised questionnaire to investigate the relationship between green tea consumption and HNSCC experience. Data about amount of green tea consumption was recorded from 147 patients with HNSCC and 263 age and gender matched controls. The results were analyzed with SPSS statistical software Version 21 using Chi- square test, and Logistic Regression (with a 95% confidence interval). Significance levels were set at 95% and p-values less than 0.05 were considered significant. RESULTS: Statistical analysis indicated significant differences between different groups of tea consumers in terms of HNSCC risk (P < 0.001). The risk of developing oral cancer those who consume <1 cup of green tea daily was (OR = 0.29 (0.16-0.52) and for the group of > = 1 cup green tea consumers was 0.38(0.17-0.86) of those who never consume green tea (Reference point) after adjustment for other risk factors. CONCLUSIONS: The findings support that green tea consumption may reduce the risk of HNSCC. To confirm the efficacy of green tea intake in preventing the development of HNSCC in humans further investigation is needed.


Asunto(s)
Neoplasias de la Boca/prevención & control , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Cabeza y Cuello/prevención & control , , Adulto , Factores de Edad , Anciano , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Distribución de Chi-Cuadrado , Conducta Alimentaria , Femenino , Humanos , Incidencia , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neoplasias de la Boca/epidemiología , Análisis de Regresión , Factores de Riesgo , Factores Sexuales , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Cabeza y Cuello/epidemiología , Encuestas y Cuestionarios
SELECCIÓN DE REFERENCIAS
DETALLE DE LA BÚSQUEDA