Five years after the collapse of the Fundão Dam: lessons from temporal monitoring of chemistry and acute toxicity.

In November 2015, the Fundão Dam break released millions of tons of metal-rich tailings into the Doce River Basin (DRB), causing catastrophic damage and potential ecological effects that reached the Atlantic Ocean. This study aimed to evaluate the geochemistry and toxicity of water and sediments collected in the DRB from 2015 to 2019 and to determine the spatial and temporal trends. Water and sediment samples were analyzed for metals and As by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), and acute toxicity for Daphnia similis or D. magna. Results were explored using geochemical indices and correlation analyzes. Overall, higher concentrations of metals and As in water and sediments were observed immediately after dam breakage, but the levels exhibited a decreasing trend over time, although the levels of some elements such as As and Mn remained high in the upper DRB. The geochemical indices indicated mostly low to moderate contamination, and the enrichment factor (EF) demonstrated a higher enrichment of Mn in the upper DRB. Acute toxicity to water fleas (D. similis and D. magna) was occasionally observed in waters and sediments, but the reference samples were toxic, and the short-term effects were not correlated with metals and As. Overall, the results showed limited bioavailability of metals and As and a decreasing trend in their concentrations, indicating an ongoing recovery process in DRB. These results are important to decision-making regarding the disaster and actions for environmental restoration.

Reference values and drivers of diversity for South Brazilian grassland plant communities.

The South Brazilian grasslands (Campos Sulinos) form the dominant vegetation in southern Brazil. They are species-rich ecosystems that occur under distinct geomorphological and climatic conditions but spatial variation of plant species diversity remains understudied. Here, we present a detailed description of plant communities across the region. Our data were obtained in 1080 plots, representing well-preserved grasslands in different ecological systems. Apart from describing alpha and beta diversity, we investigated the relations of plant communities with environmental features. We identified 759 plant species and found clear differences in community composition across the region. Northern and Southern highland grasslands, humid and dry coastal grasslands and the mesic Pampa grassland were clearly distinct, related to climatic and edaphic features. While species abundance distribution was markedly uneven, local species richness was high, above 20 species/m2, especially in the highlands and in mesic Pampa sites, on shallow soils. The predominant component of beta diversity was species turnover, which suggests that a network of well-conserved grasslands distributed across the region would be the best strategy to protect plant diversity. Our results establish regionalized reference values for richness and diversity that can be useful for initiatives of restoration and conservation of these grasslands.

Insulin-like growth factor-1 short-period therapy improves cardiomyopathy stimulating cardiac progenitor cells survival in obese mice.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of mortality in obesity. Despite advanced understanding, the mechanisms that regulate cardiac progenitor cells (CPC) survival in pathological conditions are not clear. Low IGF-1 plasma levels are correlated to obesity, cardiomyopathy and CPC death, so this work aimed to investigate IGF-1 therapeutic potential on cardiomyopathy and its relationship with the survival, proliferation and differentiation of CPC in Western diet-induced obesity. METHODS AND RESULTS: Male Swiss mice were divided into control group (CG, n = 8), fed with standard diet; and obese group (OG, n = 16), fed with Western diet, for 12 weeks. At 11th week, OG was subdivided to receive a daily subcutaneous injection of human recombinant IGF-1 (100 µg.Kg-1) for seven consecutive days (OG + IGF1, n = 8). Results showed that IGF-1 therapy improved the metabolic parameters negatively impacted by western diet in OG, reaching levels similar to CG. OG + IGF-1 also demonstrated restored heart energetic metabolism, fibrosis resolution, decreased apoptosis level, restored cardiac gap junctions and intracellular calcium balance. Cardiomyopathy improvement was accompanied by increased CPC survival, proliferation and newly cardiomyocytes formation related to increased pAkt/Akt ratio. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that only one week of IGF-1 therapy has cardioprotective effects through Akt pathway upregulation, ensuring CPC survival and differentiation, contributing to heart failure rescue.

Floristic and structural patterns in South Brazilian coastal grasslands.

The natural vegetation of Southern Brazil's coastal region includes grasslands formations that are poorly considered in conservation policy, due to the lack of knowledge about these systems. This study reports results from a regional-scale survey of coastal grasslands vegetation along a 536 km gradient on southern Brazil. We sampled 16 sites along the coastal plain with 15 plots (1 m²) per site. All sites were grazed by cattle. We estimated plant species cover, vegetation height, percentage of bare soil, litter and manure, and classified species according to their growth forms. We found 221 species, 14 of them exotic and two threatened. The prostate grasses: Axonopus aff.affinis, Paspalum notatum and P. pumilumwere among the most important species. Prostrate graminoids species represented the most important vegetation cover, followed by cespitose grasses. Vegetation height, bare soil, litter and manure were similar among all areas, highlighting the homogeneity of sampling sites due to similar management. In comparison to other grasslands formations in Southern Brazil, the coastal grasslands presented rather low species richness. The presence of high values for bare soil at all sampling sites indicates the need to discuss management practices in the region, especially with regard to the intensity of livestock grazing.

Production and validation of the short film Pés que te quero®: educational technology for people with diabetes.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the production and validation of short film type educational technology for the prevention of diabetic foot ulcers. METHODS: A methodological study focused on the validation of a short film. The construction of the film was carried out in three stages: pre-production, production, and post-production. Thirty-seven evaluators undertook the internal validation, divided into two groups of 31 proficient nurses and six from the communication area. Fifteen people with diabetes mellitus performed the external validation. RESULT: The nursing proficient validated the script with a total content validity index of 0.95, with internal reliability of 0.849 conferred by Cronbach's Alpha. Communication specialists validated with a content validity index of 0.97; and target audience with 0.95 (clarity) and 0.97 (relevance). CONCLUSION: The study showed that the short film is a valid and reliable educational technology to promote foot care to people with diabetes mellitus.

Pressure injury related to the use of personal protective equipment in COVID-19 pandemic.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the prevalence and factors associated with pressure injuries related to the use of personal protective equipment during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: Cross-sectional study conducted using an instrument made available in social networks with 1,106 health professionals. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and compared, considering pvalue < 0.05. RESULTS: There was a prevalence of 69.4% for pressure injuries related to the use of personal protective equipment, with an average of 2.4 injuries per professional. The significant factors were: under 35 years of age, working and wearing personal protective equipment for more than six hours a day, in hospital units, and without the use of inputs for protection. CONCLUSION: Pressure injuries related to the use of medical devices showed a high prevalence in this population. The recognition of the damage in these professionals makes it possible to advance in prevention strategies.

Insular and anterior cingulate cortex deep stimulation for central neuropathic pain: Disassembling the percept of pain.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the analgesic effects of stimulation of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) or the posterior superior insula (PSI) against sham deep (d) repetitive (r) transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in patients with central neuropathic pain (CNP) after stroke or spinal cord injury in a randomized, double-blinded, sham-controlled, 3-arm parallel study. METHODS: Participants were randomly allocated into the active PSI-rTMS, ACC-rTMS, sham-PSI-rTMS, or sham-ACC-rTMS arms. Stimulations were performed for 12 weeks, and a comprehensive clinical and pain assessment, psychophysics, and cortical excitability measurements were performed at baseline and during treatment. The main outcome of the study was pain intensity (numeric rating scale [NRS]) after the last stimulation session. RESULTS: Ninety-eight patients (age 55.02 ± 12.13 years) completed the study. NRS score was not significantly different between groups at the end of the study. Active rTMS treatments had no significant effects on pain interference with daily activities, pain dimensions, neuropathic pain symptoms, mood, medication use, cortical excitability measurements, or quality of life. Heat pain threshold was significantly increased after treatment in the PSI-dTMS group from baseline (1.58, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.09-3.06]) compared to sham-dTMS (-1.02, 95% CI -2.10 to 0.04, p = 0.014), and ACC-dTMS caused a significant decrease in anxiety scores (-2.96, 95% CI -4.1 to -1.7]) compared to sham-dTMS (-0.78, 95% CI -1.9 to 0.3; p = 0.018). CONCLUSIONS: ACC- and PSI-dTMS were not different from sham-dTMS for pain relief in CNP despite a significant antinociceptive effect after insular stimulation and anxiolytic effects of ACC-dTMS. These results showed that the different dimensions of pain can be modulated in humans noninvasively by directly stimulating deeper SNC cortical structures without necessarily affecting clinical pain per se. CLINICALTRIALSGOV IDENTIFIER: NCT01932905.

Vigipé®: tecnologia de estratificação de risco dos pés de pacientes com diabetes mellitus / Vigipé®: foot risk stratification technology for patients with diabetes mellitus / Vigipé®: tecnología de estratificación de riesgo para pies de pacientes con diabetes mellitus

RESUMO Objetivo: construir e validar um aplicativo que estabeleça o grau de risco do pé diabético associando suas condições de saúde. Metodologia: estudo metodológico realizado entre março de 2019 a dezembro de 2021, em Crato - CE - Brasil, dividido em três fases: 1) Revisão das diretrizes nacionais e internacionais; 2) Construção da tecnologia educativa e 3) Validação do conteúdo e aparência da tecnologia. Este estudo seguiu as diretrizes do guia Revised Standards for Quality Improvement Reporting Excellence. Resultados: na fase de revisão, identificou-se conteúdo semelhante entre as diretrizes para o delineamento e a organização do constructo. A tecnologia construída possibilitou a coleta de dados, avaliação e classificação de risco do pé diabético. Na etapa de validação, 18 juízes avaliaram o instrumento, que teve o IVC 0,96. Conclusão: o estudo poderá contribuir para melhorar os indicadores referente as hospitalizações, amputações, mobilidade diminuída, dependência, fragilidade e mortalidade advindos do pé diabético.

ABSTRACT Objective: to create and validate an app that establishes the diabetic foot risk degree by associating the patients' health conditions. Methodology: a methodological study conducted between March 2019 and December 2021 in Crato - CE - Brazil, and divided into three phases: 1) Review of the national and international guidelines; 2) Creation of the educational technology; and 3) Face and content validation of the technology. This study followed the guidelines set forth in the Revised Standards for Quality Improvement Reporting Excellence guide. Results: in the review phase, similar content was identified between the guidelines for designing and organizing the content. The technology that was created enabled data collection, as well as diabetic foot risk assessment and classification. A total of 18 judges evaluated the instrument in the validation stage, obtaining a CVI value of 0.96. Conclusion: the study may contribute to improving the indicators referring to hospitalizations, amputations, reduced mobility, dependence, frailty and mortality resulting from diabetic foot.

RESUMEN Objetivo: crear y validar una aplicación que establezca el grado de riesgo del pie diabético asociándolo a sus condiciones de salud. Metodología: estudio metodológico realizado entre marzo de 2019 y diciembre de 2021, en Crato, CE, Brasil, dividido en tres fases: 1) Revisión de directrices nacionales e internacionales; 2) Creación de la tecnología educativa y 3) Validación del contenido y la apariencia de la tecnología. Este estudio siguió los lineamientos de la guía Revised Standards for Quality Improvement Reporting Excellence. Resultados: en la fase de revisión, se identificaron contenidos similares entre las directrices para el diseño y la organización del constructo. La tecnología creada permitió recolectar datos, evaluar y clasificar el riesgo del pie diabético. En la etapa de validación, 18 jueces evaluaron el instrumento, que contó con un IVC de 0,96. Conclusión: el estudio puede contribuir a mejorar los indicadores de hospitalización, amputación, movilidad reducida, dependencia, fragilidad y mortalidad derivados del pie diabético.

Creatine supplementation attenuates corticosteroid-induced muscle wasting and impairment of exercise performance in rats.

The objective of the present study was to investigate whether creatine (Cr) could attenuate the deleterious effects of high doses of dexamethasone (Dexa) on body mass, exercise performance, and respiratory variables of rodents. Forty-four Wistar rats performed incremental maximal exercise tests. They were then assigned to four groups: G1: subcutaneous (s.c.) and intraperitoneal (i.p.) saline; G2: s.c. saline and i.p. Cr (250 mg x kg(-1) x day(-1)); G3: s.c. Dexa (7.5 mg x kg(-1) x day(-1)) and i.p. saline; G4: s.c. Dexa and i.p. Cr. New exercise tests and analysis of the respiratory pattern under resting conditions and after stimulation with doxapram (2 mg/kg i.p.) were performed after 18 days. Post- minus pretreatment differences were compared between groups. G3 and G4 showed a significant impairment in body mass gain compared with G1 and G2 (P < 0.05) (G1: 65.3 +/- 26.1, G2: 93.1 +/- 27.4, G3: -18.4 +/- 20.1, G4: 9.8 +/- 23.1 kg x 10(-3)). Similar results were observed for maximal oxygen consumption (G1: 9.5 +/- 8.5, G2: 25.8 +/- 14.5, G3: -25.5 +/- 6.0, G4: -4.8 +/- 9.5 ml x kg(-1) x min(-1)) and test duration (G1: 43.0 +/- 45.0, G2: 72.0 +/- 59.5, G3: -165.0 +/- 60.6, G4: -48.0 +/- 48.5 s). Simultaneous use of Cr significantly attenuated the Dexa-induced impairment of the last two variables. Cr attenuated Dexa-induced gastrocnemius and diaphragm muscle weight losses and the atrophy of gastrocnemius type IIb fibers. Cr supplementation had only small effects on Dexa-induced respiratory changes. These results suggest that Cr may play a role in the prophylaxis or treatment of steroid-induced myopathy.

Development of a booklet on insulin therapy for children with diabetes mellitus type 1. / Construção de cartilha sobre insulinoterapia para crianças com diabetes mellitus tipo 1.

OBJECTIVE:: to describe the process of developing of an educational booklet on insulin therapy for children with diabetes mellitus type 1. METHOD:: methodological approach, in which the following steps were carried out: selecting of the content and type of technology to be developed (for this step, an integrative review, an analysis of the comments of blogs about Diabetes Mellitus type 1 and interviews with the children were performed), creation of images, formatting and layout composition. RESULTS:: the work resulted in the production of the final version of the educational booklet, which was titled Aplicando a insulina: a aventura de Beto [Applying insulin: Beto's adventure]. The process of developing of the booklet was based on the active participation of the children and guided by the theoretical framework of Piagetian Constructivism. CONCLUSION:: the resource is a facilitator for the improvement of the knowledge and practices of self care of children with Diabetes Mellitus type 1.

Production and validation of the short film Pés que te quero®: educational technology for people with diabetes / Producción y validación del cortometraje Pies que te quiero®: tecnología educacional para personas con diabetes / Produção e validação do curta-metragem Pés que te quero®: tecnologia educacional para pessoas com diabetes

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the production and validation of short film type educational technology for the prevention of diabetic foot ulcers. Methods: A methodological study focused on the validation of a short film. The construction of the film was carried out in three stages: pre-production, production, and post-production. Thirty-seven evaluators undertook the internal validation, divided into two groups of 31 proficient nurses and six from the communication area. Fifteen people with diabetes mellitus performed the external validation. Result: The nursing proficient validated the script with a total content validity index of 0.95, with internal reliability of 0.849 conferred by Cronbach's Alpha. Communication specialists validated with a content validity index of 0.97; and target audience with 0.95 (clarity) and 0.97 (relevance). Conclusion: The study showed that the short film is a valid and reliable educational technology to promote foot care to people with diabetes mellitus.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Describir la producción y validación de tecnología educacional del tipo cortometraje para prevención de úlceras del pie diabético. Métodos: Estudio metodológico, con enfoque en la validación del cortometraje. La construcción de la película fue ejecutada en tres etapas: preproducción, producción y postproducción. Se emprendió la validación interna con 37 evaluadores divididos en dos grupos: 31 proficientes enfermeros y 6 del área de comunicación. La validación externa fue realizada por 15 personas con diabetes mellitus. Resultados: Los proficientes de la enfermería validaron el guión con Índice de Validez de Contenido total de 0,95, con confiabilidad interna de 0,849 conferido por el alfa de Cronbach; proficientes de la comunicación validaron con Índice de Validez de Contenido de 0,97; y público objeto, con 0,95 (claridad) y 0,97 (relevancia). Conclusión: El cortometraje se configuró como tecnología educativa válida y confiable para promover el autocuidado con los pies a las personas con diabetes mellitus.

RESUMO Objetivo: descrever a produção e validação de tecnologia educacional do tipo curta-metragem para prevenção de úlceras do pé diabético. Métodos: estudo metodológico, com foco na validação de filme curta-metragem. A construção do filme foi executada em três etapas: pré-produção, produção e pós-produção. Empreendeu-se a validação interna com 37 avaliadores divididos em dois grupos: 31 proficientes enfermeiros, seis da área de comunicação. A validação externa foi realizada por 15 pessoas com Diabetes Mellitus. Resultados: os proficientes da enfermagem validaram o roteiro com Índice de Validade de Conteúdo (IVC) total de 0,95, com confiabilidade interna de 0,849 conferido pelo alfa de Cronbach, proficientes da comunicação validaram com IVC de 0,97 e público-alvo com 0,95 (clareza) e 0,97 (relevância). Conclusão: o curta-metragem se configurou como tecnologia educativa válida e confiável para promover o autocuidado com os pés às pessoas com Diabetes Mellitus.

Manejo da lesão por pressão em pacientes sob cuidados paliativos: visão dos enfermeiros / Management of pressure ulcers in palliative care patients: nurses' view

RESUMO Objetivo: compreender o manejo da lesão por pressão em pacientes sob cuidados paliativos na perspectiva de enfermeiros. Métodos: estudo qualitativo, do qual participaram 17 enfermeiros assistenciais por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas. Os dados foram submetidos à análise categorial temática. Resultados: elencaram-se duas categorias: Manejo de enfermagem de lesões por pressão em pacientes sob cuidados paliativos e Desfecho das lesões por pressão em pacientes sob cuidados paliativos. O manejo destas ocorre por meio de assistência individualizada, podendo variar de acordo com os diferentes momentos em que àquele indivíduo se encontra, devendo ser maleáveis. Observou-se, ainda, a possibilidade de três desfechos: cicatrização completa, melhora clínica e estabilização clínica. Conclusão: apesar de toda fragilidade desses pacientes em cuidados paliativos, percebeu-se que ocorre a melhora clínica das lesões, apesar de ser um caminho lento, por meio de manejo das lesões de modo individualizado e centrado na busca de conforto.

ABSTRACT Objective: to understand the management of pressure ulcers in palliative care patients from the perspective of nurses. Methods: qualitative study, in which 17 care nurses participated through semi-structured interviews. Data were submitted to thematic categorical analysis. Results: two categories were listed: Nursing management of pressure ulcers in palliative care patients and Outcome of pressure ulcers in palliative care patients. Their management occurs by means of individualized assistance and may vary according to the different moments in which the individual is and should be malleable. The possibility of three outcomes was also observed: complete healing, clinical improvement and clinical stabilization. Conclusion: despite all the frailty of these patients in palliative care, it was perceived that the clinical improvement of the lesions occurs, although it is a slow path, by means of handling the lesions in an individualized manner and focused on the search for comfort.

Taxa de cicatrização em úlceras do pé diabético tratadas com biomembrana e hidrocoloide em pó: ensaio clínico randomizado / Healing rate in diabetic foot ulcers treated with biomembrane and hydrocolloid powder: randomized clinical trial / Tasa de curación en la úlceras de pie diabético tratados con biomembrana e hidrocoloide en polvo: ensayo clínico aleatorizado

Objetivo:avaliar taxa de cicatrização em úlceras do pé diabético tratadas com biomembrana de proteínas do látex de Calotropis procera (BioMem CpLP) quando comparada ao hidrocoloide em pó. Método: ensaio clínico randomizado controlado, registrado pelo Registro Brasileiro de Ensaio Clínico (REBEC), conforme protocolo RBR-98f3j9, realizado junto a oito pessoas com pé diabético, em ambulatório de pé diabético, de março a julho de 2019. No grupo experimental (n=04), realizou-se a aplicação de biomembrana; no grupo controle (n=04), utilizou-se o pó de hidrocoloide. A taxa de cicatrização foi avaliada com 30 e 60 dias após início do tratamento. Resultados: não se constataram diferenças estatísticas entre taxas de cicatrização do grupo controle e do grupo experimental na análise temporal dos 30 dias iniciais (p=0,726) e nos 60 dias subsequentes ao início do tratamento (p=0,562). Conclusão: a BioMem CpLP apresentou taxas de cicatrização semelhantes ao produto convencional, configurando-se como alternativa eficaz e de baixo custo para o tratamento de pés diabéticos.

Objective:to evaluate the rate of healing in diabetic foot ulcers treated with a biomembrane of latex proteins from Calotropis procera (BioMem CpLP) when compared to powdered hydrocolloid. Method: randomized controlled clinical trial, registered by the Brazilian Clinical Trial Registry (REBEC), according to protocol RBR-98f3j9, carried out with eight people with diabetic foot, in a diabetic foot clinic, from March to July 2019. In the experimental group (n = 04), biomembrane was applied; in the control group (n = 04), hydrocolloid powder was used. The healing rate was assessed at 30 and 60 days after starting treatment. Results: no statistical differences were found between the healing rates of the control group and the experimental group in the temporal analysis of the initial 30 days (p = 0.726) and in the 60 days following the start of treatment (p = 0.562). Conclusion: BioMem CpLP presented healing rates similar to the conventional product, being an effective and low cost alternative for the treatment of diabetic feet.

Liposomal topical capsaicin in post-herpetic neuralgia: a safety pilot study.

UNLABELLED: Topical treatments have gained popularity for general use as an adjunct to systemic drugs in neuropathic pain, but their use produces variable clinical results and local adverse events. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety and analgesic effect of a formulation of liposomal capsaicin (LC) (0.025%) in patients with post herpetic neuralgia (PHN). METHOD: Patients who remained symptomatic after first-and second-line treatment were randomized to receive LC for six weeks in a placebo-controlled, crossover design study. Clinical assessment was performed at baseline, in the second, fourth and sixth week of treatment. RESULTS: Thirteen patients completed both treatment periods. Visual Analog Scale (VAS) was significantly decreased after the end of the study (p = 0.008), however the effect of treatment was not significant (p = 0.076). There was no difference on global impression of change and other pain characteristics. LC was safe and well tolerated. However, at the concentration used, its analgesic effects were marginal and not significant.

Spinal Cord Stimulation as a Treatment Option for Refractory Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy: Case Report

Colorectal cancer is one of the most common oncological diseases. Chemotherapy is usually recommended as an adjuvant treatment for stage-II, -III, and -IV tumors. Approximately 10% of the patients develop neuropathic pain after chemotherapy, and they may remain refractory despite the administration of drugs that are commonly used to treat neuropathic pain. Spinal cord stimulation is a good treatment option for neuropathic pain of the lower limbs, and it should be trialed in patients with chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy. We report the case of a patient with oxaliplatin-induced neuropathy and neuropathic pain refractory to oral medication who was successfully treated by spinal cord stimulation.

Pressure injury related to the use of personal protective equipment in COVID-19 pandemic / Lesión por presión relacionada al uso de equipos de protección personal en la pandemia del COVID-19 / Lesão por pressão relacionada ao uso de equipamentos de proteção individual na pandemia da COVID-19

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the prevalence and factors associated with pressure injuries related to the use of personal protective equipment during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Cross-sectional study conducted using an instrument made available in social networks with 1,106 health professionals. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and compared, considering pvalue < 0.05. Results: There was a prevalence of 69.4% for pressure injuries related to the use of personal protective equipment, with an average of 2.4 injuries per professional. The significant factors were: under 35 years of age, working and wearing personal protective equipment for more than six hours a day, in hospital units, and without the use of inputs for protection. Conclusion: Pressure injuries related to the use of medical devices showed a high prevalence in this population. The recognition of the damage in these professionals makes it possible to advance in prevention strategies.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Describir prevalencia y factores relacionados a la lesión por presión relacionada al uso de equipos de protección personal durante la pandemia del COVID-19. Métodos: Estudio transversal realizado mediante instrumento disponible en redes sociales con 1.106 profesionales de salud. Los datos han analizados por medio de estadística descriptiva y comparada, considerando valor de p < 0,05. Resultados: Hubo prevalencia de 69,4% para lesión por presión relacionada al uso del equipo de protección personal, con una media de 2,4 lesiones por profesional. Los factores significativos fueron: menores de 35 años de edad, trabajar y hacer uso de equipos de protección personal por más de seis horas al día, en unidades hospitalarias y sin el uso de suministros para protección. Conclusión: La lesión por presión relacionada al uso de dispositivos médicos presentó alta prevalencia en esa población. El reconocimiento de la lesión en esos profesionales posibilita avanzar en estrategias de prevención.

RESUMO Objetivo: Descrever prevalência e fatores associados da lesão por pressão relacionada ao uso de equipamentos de proteção individual durante a pandemia da COVID-19. Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado por meio de instrumento disponibilizado em redes sociais com 1.106 profissionais de saúde. Os dados foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva e comparada, considerando valor de p < 0,05. Resultados: Houve prevalência de 69,4% para lesão por pressão relacionada ao uso do equipamento de proteção individual, com uma média de 2,4 lesões por profissional. Os fatores significativos foram: menores de 35 anos de idade, trabalhar e fazer uso de equipamentos de proteção individual por mais de seis horas no dia, em unidades hospitalares e sem o uso de insumos para proteção. Conclusão: A lesão por pressão relacionada ao uso de dispositivos médicos apresentou alta prevalência nessa população. O reconhecimento da lesão nesses profissionais possibilita avançar em estratégias de prevenção.

Acute lung injury induced by the intravenous administration of cigarette smoke extract.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the acute effects of intravenous administration of cigarette smoke extract (CSE) on histological, inflammatory, and respiratory function parameters in rats, as well as to compare this potential acute lung injury (ALI) model with that with the use of oleic acid (OA). METHODS: We studied 72 Wistar rats, divided into four groups: control (those injected intravenously with saline); CSE (those injected intravenously with CSE and saline); OA (those injected intravenously with saline and OA); and CSE/OA (those injected intravenously with CSE and OA). RESULTS: Mean lung compliance was significantly lower in the OA and CSE/OA groups (2.12 ± 1.13 mL/cmH2O and 1.82 ± 0.77 mL/cmH2O, respectively) than in the control group (3.67 ± 1.38 mL/cmH2O). In bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, the proportion of neutrophils was significantly higher in the OA and CSE/OA groups than in the control group, as was the activity of metalloproteinases 2 and 9. Pulmonary involvement, as assessed by morphometry, was significantly more severe in the OA and CSE/OA groups (72.9 ± 13.8% and 77.6 ± 18.0%, respectively) than in the control and CSE groups (8.7 ± 4.1% and 32.7 ± 13.1%, respectively), and that involvement was significantly more severe in the CSE group than in the control group. CONCLUSIONS: The intravenous administration of CSE, at the doses and timing employed in this study, was associated with minimal ALI. The use of CSE did not potentiate OA-induced ALI. Additional studies are needed in order to clarify the potential role of this model as a method for studying the mechanisms of smoking-induced lung injury.

[Pre-and post-pubertal rhythmic gymnastics athletes' physical qualities]. / Qualidades físicas de atletas e praticantes de Ginástica Rítmica pré e pós-púberes.

OBJECTIVE: Identifying and comparinge the physical qualities of Brazilian athletes and practitioners of rhythmic gymnastics. METHODS: 125 Brazilian athletes and rhythmic gymnasts practitioners of Rhythmic Gymnastics fromaged 7 to 25 years- old were evaluated. They were divided into the following categories: Different competitive levels (international, national and regional) and pre- and post- menarche practitioners. The protocols used were: Burpee (coordination), Sargent jJump test, and gGoniometry (flexibility). This was a cross-sectional, comparative delineation sStudy with a transverse cut and comparative delineation. Descriptive statistics, and inferencialinferential analysianalysiss were estimated. The and ANOVA were usedwas applied. Tukey's Afterwards the post hoc Tuckey test was then applied. RESULTS: The results were: Burpee international level=20.,0±0.,8; national level=18.,3±2.,7; regional level=18.,9±1.,9; pre- menarche=13.,7±3.,2 and post- menarche=16.,2±3.,8; vertical high- international level=40.,1±2.,7 cm; national level= 38.,0±4.,3 cm; regional level=35.,1±3.,5 cm; pre- menarche= 25.,2±7.,4 cm and post- menarche=35.,4±6.,6 cm; leg goniometry: international level =180.,0±00.,0; national level =146.,9±13.,93; regional level=147.,1±10.,75; pre- menarche=135.,80±22.,62 and pPost- menarche=141.,0±23.,09; and back goniometry: international level=33.,3±5.,69; national level=38.,3±13.,82; regional level=36.,5±11.,84; pre- menarche=48.,7±12.,80 and post- menarche=48.,8±12.,30. CONCLUSIONS: Significant statistical differences were found between the different categories in regarding the all the variables between the different categories.

Estratégias educativas para pessoas com estomia intestinal: revisão integrativa / Educational strategies for people with ostomy bowel: integrative review

Objetiva-se analisar o conhecimento científico sobre as estratégias educativas empregadas pela enfermagem para o ensino-apredizagem das pessoas com estomia intestinal. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa realizada nas bases de dados PubMed, LILACS e CINAHL, entre 1996 a 2014. Obteve-se amostra de 11 estudos. O Brasil liderou o numero de publicações e dos artigos incluídos na revisão e todos foram publicados em periódicos de enfermagem. Estes dados revelam o envolvimento dos enfermeiros com a temática em questão. O uso de tecnologias educativas foi identificado em sete estudos que desenvolveram atividades de cunho individual e/ou em grupo por meio de uma abordagem interativa. Foi realizada em consultas ambulatoriais ou apenas pela distribuição de materiais educativos, como: cartilhas, materiais educativos impressos, cursos on-line e programas multimídias, intensificando os cuidados com pele periestoma e/ou reforçando os cuidados gerais. Para que o processo de ensino aprendizagem seja efetivo no campo da saúde, os recursos didáticos empregados devem capacitar e motivar os pacientes com vistas a conseguirem incorporar novos significados, propiciando mais autonomia. Esta revisão permitiu identificar que estratégias de educação com o uso de tecnologias educativas são mais consistentes nas mensagens transmitidas ocasionando rápida mudança de comportamento

The study aimed to analyze the scientific knowledge of the educational strategies used by nurses for teachinglearning programs for ostomy people. This is an integrative review carried out in the databases: PubMed, LILACS, SciELO and CINAHL from 1996 to 2014, was obtained sample of 11 studies. Brazil led the the number of publications and articles included in the review (11-100%) were published in magazines in general nursing journals. These data reveal the nurses' involvement with the questioned theme. It was carried out in outpatient clinics or only through the distribution of educational materials, such as: booklets, printed educational materials, online courses and multimedia programs, intensifying peristaltic skin care and / or reinforcing general care. In order for the teaching-learning process to be effective in the health field, the didactic resources employed must enable and motivate patients in order to incorporate new meanings, providing more autonomy. This review identified that education strategies with the use of educational technologies are more consistent in the messages transmitted causing rapid change of behavior