Identifying the potential therapeutic effects of miR­6516 on muscle disuse atrophy.

Muscle atrophy is a debilitating condition with various causes; while aging is one of these causes, reduced engagement in routine muscle­strengthening activities also markedly contributes to muscle loss. Although extensive research has been conducted on microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) and their associations with muscle atrophy, the roles played by miRNA precursors remain underexplored. The present study detected the upregulation of the miR­206 precursor in cell­free (cf)RNA from the plasma of patients at risk of sarcopenia, and in cfRNAs from the muscles of mice subjected to muscle atrophy. Additionally, a decline in the levels of the miR­6516 precursor was observed in mice with muscle atrophy. The administration of mimic­miR­6516 to mice immobilized due to injury inhibited muscle atrophy by targeting and inhibiting cyclin­dependent kinase inhibitor 1b (Cdkn1b). Based on these results, the miR­206 precursor appears to be a potential biomarker of muscle atrophy, whereas miR­6516 shows promise as a therapeutic target to alleviate muscle deterioration in patients with muscle disuse and atrophy.

MicroRNA­mediated regulation of muscular atrophy: Exploring molecular pathways and therapeutics (Review).

Muscular atrophy, which results in loss of muscle mass and strength, is a significant concern for patients with various diseases. It is crucial to comprehend the molecular mechanisms underlying this condition to devise targeted treatments. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as key regulators of gene expression, serving vital roles in numerous cellular processes, including the maintenance of muscle stability. An intricate network of miRNAs finely regulates gene expression, influencing pathways related to muscle protein production, and muscle breakdown and regeneration. Dysregulation of specific miRNAs has been linked to the development of muscular atrophy, affecting important signaling pathways including the protein kinase B/mTOR and ubiquitin­proteasome systems. The present review summarizes recent work on miRNA patterns associated with muscular atrophy under various physiological and pathological conditions, elucidating its intricate regulatory networks. In conclusion, the present review lays a foundation for the development of novel treatment options for individuals affected by muscular atrophy, and explores other regulatory pathways, such as autophagy and inflammatory signaling, to ensure a comprehensive overview of the multifarious nature of muscular atrophy. The objective of the present review was to elucidate the complex molecular pathways involved in muscular atrophy, and to facilitate the development of innovative and specific therapeutic strategies for the prevention or reversal of muscular atrophy in diverse clinical scenarios.