RESUMEN
Background Delirium is a frequent psychiatric complication to cancer, but rarely recognized by oncologists. Aims 1. To estimate the prevalence of delirium among inpatients admitted at an oncological cancer ward 2. To investigate whether simple clinical factors predict delirium 3. To examine the value of cognitive testing in the assessment of delirium. Methods On five different days, we interviewed and assessed patients admitted to a Danish cancer ward. The World Health Organization International Classification of Diseases Version 10, WHO ICD-10 Diagnostic System and the Confusion Assessment Method (CAM) were used for diagnostic categorization. Clinical information was gathered from medical records and all patients were tested with Mini Cognitive Test, The Clock Drawing Test, and the Digit Span Test. Results 81 cancer patients were assessed and 33% were diagnosed with delirium. All delirious participants were CAM positive. Poor performance on the cognitive tests was associated with delirium. Medical records describing CNS metastases, benzodiazepine or morphine treatment were associated with delirium. Conclusions Delirium is prevalent among cancer inpatients. The Mini Cognitive Test, The Clock Drawing Test, and the Digit Span Test can be used as screening tools for delirium among inpatients with cancer, but even in synergy, they lack specificity. Combining cognitive testing and attention to nurses' records might improve detection, yet further studies are needed to create a more detailed patient profile for the detection of delirium.
Asunto(s)
Delirio/epidemiología , Neoplasias/epidemiología , Pruebas Neuropsicológicas , Servicio de Oncología en Hospital , Pruebas en el Punto de Atención , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Cognición , Estudios Transversales , Delirio/diagnóstico , Delirio/psicología , Dinamarca/epidemiología , Femenino , Hospitalización , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neoplasias/psicología , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Prevalencia , Factores de RiesgoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The CAPOX regimen is used for adjuvant treatment of colorectal cancer. A well-known side effect of oxaliplatin, which often leads to dose modification (DM), is acute neuropathy (AN). AN is provoked by cold, and it could therefore be expected that the degree of AN and thereby DM is more pronounced in the winter period compared to the summer period. METHOD: Patients with colorectal cancer who received adjuvant CAPOX from January 2005 to August 2011 were reviewed. Out of 108 patients who received adjuvant CAPOX, the oxaliplatin dose was reduced in 92 (85%) patients due to AN. Seventeen out of 31 (55%) patients already had a DM of oxaliplatin in the second cycle during the winter period (December to February; mean temperature 0.1-1.8°C), while in the summer period (June to August; mean temperature 15.1-16.3°C), only 4 (13%) patients needed DM (OR = 2.5, p = 0.022). CONCLUSION: In this study, we found that the risk of DM and discontinuation of oxaliplatin is highest in the winter period compared to the other seasons. This study draws attention to the importance of training in the proper handling of the acute neurotoxicity of oxaliplatin.
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Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapéutico , Frío/efectos adversos , Neoplasias Colorrectales/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias Hepáticas/tratamiento farmacológico , Enfermedades del Sistema Nervioso Periférico/etiología , Capecitabina , Quimioterapia Adyuvante , Neoplasias Colorrectales/complicaciones , Neoplasias Colorrectales/patología , Dinamarca/epidemiología , Desoxicitidina/administración & dosificación , Desoxicitidina/análogos & derivados , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Femenino , Fluorouracilo/administración & dosificación , Fluorouracilo/análogos & derivados , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Incidencia , Neoplasias Hepáticas/complicaciones , Neoplasias Hepáticas/secundario , Masculino , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Compuestos Organoplatinos/administración & dosificación , Oxaliplatino , Enfermedades del Sistema Nervioso Periférico/epidemiología , Pronóstico , Estudios RetrospectivosRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: IL6 and YKL-40 (also known as chitinase 3-like 1 protein, CHI3L1) are produced by pancreatic cancer cells and macrophages and activate inflammation. C-reactive protein (CRP) is synthesized mainly in hepatic cells and primarily stimulated by IL6. The aim of this study was to determine the prognostic value of combined detection of serum IL6, YKL-40, and CRP in patients with pancreatic cancer receiving palliative chemotherapy. METHODS: In all, 592 patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer from five hospitals in Denmark were included in the BIOPAC biomarker study between 2008 and 2017. Pretreatment and longitudinal serum values of IL6 and YKL-40 were determined. Baseline CRP and CA19-9 values were available for the whole cohort. Patients were dichotomized as low versus high using cutoffs for IL6 of >4.92 pg/mL, YKL-40 of >95% age-corrected percentile, and CRP of >10 mg/L. The main outcome was overall survival. RESULTS: Combined elevations of serum IL6, YKL-40, and CRP were associated with worse survival in contrast to an isolated high concentration of a single marker. Serum IL6, YKL-40, and CRP were higher in patients with advanced stage disease and in patients with poor performance status. Higher IL6 and YKL-40 levels at the time of tumor progression and serum IL6 measured over time were associated with shorter overall survival. CONCLUSIONS: Combined high baseline serum levels of IL6, YKL-40, and CRP are associated with poor survival. IMPACT: Assessment of systemic inflammation via measurements of IL6, YKL-40, and CRP may be important for pancreatic cancer prognostication.
Asunto(s)
Biomarcadores de Tumor/sangre , Proteína C-Reactiva/análisis , Proteína 1 Similar a Quitinasa-3/sangre , Inflamación/diagnóstico , Interleucina-6/sangre , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/mortalidad , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapéutico , Dinamarca/epidemiología , Progresión de la Enfermedad , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Inflamación/sangre , Inflamación/inmunología , Estimación de Kaplan-Meier , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Cuidados Paliativos/métodos , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/sangre , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/inmunología , Pronóstico , Estudios Prospectivos , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
In this case report of a 62-year-old male with colon cancer receiving adjuvant chemotherapy extensive tissue damage was seen after oxaliplatin extravasation in the left antecubital region. Despite the severity and a prolonged stay in hospital he almost recovered 100% after eight months without surgery. High temperature and clinical signs of infection directed treatment into the use of several antibiotics of no avail. Recovery happened gradually after the onset of intensive physiotherapy including lymph drainage and the administration of prednisone.
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Antineoplásicos/efectos adversos , Edema/inducido químicamente , Compuestos Organoplatinos/efectos adversos , Antineoplásicos/administración & dosificación , Antineoplásicos/uso terapéutico , Brazo/patología , Edema/patología , Edema/terapia , Extravasación de Materiales Terapéuticos y Diagnósticos/terapia , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Compuestos Organoplatinos/administración & dosificación , Compuestos Organoplatinos/uso terapéutico , OxaliplatinoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Preoperative biomarkers serum CEA and plasma TIMP-1 have been shown to have prognostic and predictive value in patients with colorectal cancer. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the possible impact of chemoradiotherapy (CRT) on preoperative biomarker levels in patients with rectal cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirty-three patients with rectal cancer were prospectively included. The patients received CRT for 6-8 weeks. Blood samples were collected before CRT (pre-CRT) and preoperatively (post-CRT). RESULTS: Median CEA was 3.5 (range 0.6-36.1) µg/l and 2.4 (range 0.0-10.2) µg/l (p=0.002) and median plasma TIMP-1 was 132.1 (range 77.8-342.7) µg/l and 140.0 (range 82.6-440.9) µg/l (p=0.04) in the pre- and post-CRT measurements, respectively. CONCLUSION: CRT induced a significant decrease in serum CEA and increase in plasma TIMP-1 levels. Therefore, the preoperative biomarker levels may be affected by treatments received before blood sample collection. Translation of results of preoperative biomarkers needs to take such facts into consideration.
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Adenocarcinoma/sangre , Biomarcadores de Tumor/sangre , Antígeno Carcinoembrionario/sangre , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia/sangre , Neoplasias del Recto/sangre , Inhibidor Tisular de Metaloproteinasa-1/sangre , Adenocarcinoma/patología , Adenocarcinoma/terapia , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Terapia Combinada , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia/patología , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia/terapia , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Cuidados Preoperatorios , Estudios Prospectivos , Dosificación Radioterapéutica , Neoplasias del Recto/patología , Neoplasias del Recto/terapia , Tasa de Supervivencia , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1) has been suggested to be a valuable marker in colorectal cancer (CRC), but the effects of chemotherapy on TIMP-1 levels are unknown. The present study evaluated the effect of chemotherapy on TIMP-1 levels in comparison with carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels in patients with stage III colon cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirty patients who had been curatively resected for stage III colon cancer were included. The patients received 10-12 cycles of modified FOLFOX6 regimen. Blood samples were collected before and after the first and the second cycle and three months later. RESULTS: No significant change could be detected in CEA levels while TIMP-1 raised significantly after the second cycle but returned to normal 3 months later. CONCLUSION: Plasma CEA levels are stable during adjuvant chemotherapy while the plasma level of TIMP-1 might be directly affected by chemotherapy represented by a transient rise about 2 weeks following the initiation of treatment.