RESUMEN
COVID-19 has been distinguished as a zoonotic coronavirus, like SARS coronavirus and MERS coronavirus. Tehran metropolis, as the capital of Iran, has a high density of residents that experienced a high incidence and mortality rates which daily increase the number of death and cases. In this study, the IDW (Inverse Distance Weight), Hotspots, and GWR (Geography Weighted Regression) Model are used as methods for analyzing big data COVID-19 in Tehran. The results showed that the majority of patients and deaths were men, but the death rate was higher in women than in men; also was observed a direct relationship between the area of the houses, and the infected rate, to COVID-19. Also, the results showed a disproportionate distribution of patients in Tehran, although in the eastern regions the number of infected people is higher than in other districts; the eastern areas have a high population density as well as residential land use, and there is a high relationship between population density in residential districts and administrative-commercial and the number of COVID-19 cases in all regions. The outputs of local R2 were interesting among patients and underlying disorders; the local R2 between hypertension and neurological diseases was 0.91 and 0.79, respectively, which was higher than other disorders. The highest rates of local R2 for diabetes and heart disease were 0.67 and 0.55, respectively. From this study, it can be concluded the restrictions must be considered especially, in areas densely populated for all people.
RESUMEN
The dissolution procedure serves as a quality control test to assure batch-to-batch uniformity and bioequivalence of a product once the bioavailability of the product has been established. It can also be used to detect manufacturing and/or process variations that could reduce product bioavailability. Dissolution testing must be conducted at an appropriate agitation rate. Tests conducted at high agitation rates may lose the ability to differentiate between good and bad products. Although the effect of high agitation rates has been known for some time, several immediate-release drug products still have United States Pharmacopeia (USP) monograph dissolution procedures that require very high agitation rates. A systematic survey was conducted on marketed tablets of chloroquine phosphate, griseofulvin, hydroxychloroquine sulfate, isocarboxazide, primaquine phosphate, and sulfadiazine. Each of these products has a USP monograph requiring a dissolution test at a paddle speed of 100 rpm. To study the influence of agitation rate on the dissolution rate of these products, dissolution studies were conducted at paddle speeds of 50, 75, and 100 rpm with the USP apparatus 2 (paddle method). The dissolution rate increased with an increase in the agitation rate from 50 to 75 rpm. However, no significant increase in the dissolution rate was noted with an increase in the agitation rate from 75 to 100 rpm. The data support the position that the higher agitation rate of 100 rpm is not necessary for a quality control procedure or a compendial standard for the products tested.