RESUMEN
Behçet's disease is an autoinflammatory systemic vasculitis of unknown etiology. The literature on this pathology in the black subject is rare. We report the case of a 53-year-old subject with mucocutaneous and ocular manifestation. He met the diagnostic criteria and progressed well on colchicine and prednisone.
La maladie de Behçet est une vascularite systémique auto-inflammatoire d'étiologie inconnue. La littérature sur cette pathologie chez le sujet de race noire est rare. Nous rapportons le cas d'un sujet de 53 ans présentant une manifestation cutanéomuqueuse et oculaire. Il remplissait les critères diagnostiques et a bien évolué sous colchicine et prednisone.
RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Worldwide, the number of emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases is increasing, highlighting the importance of global disease pathogen surveillance. Traditional population-based methods may fail to capture important events, particularly in settings with limited access to health care, such as urban informal settlements. In such environments, a mixture of surface water runoff and human feces containing pathogenic microorganisms could be used as a surveillance surrogate. METHOD: We conducted a temporal metagenomic analysis of urban sewage from Kibera, an urban informal settlement in Nairobi, Kenya, to detect and quantify bacterial and associated antimicrobial resistance (AMR) determinants, viral and parasitic pathogens. Data were examined in conjunction with data from ongoing clinical infectious disease surveillance. RESULTS: A large variation of read abundances related to bacteria, viruses, and parasites of medical importance, as well as bacterial associated antimicrobial resistance genes over time were detected. Significant increased abundances were observed for a number of bacterial pathogens coinciding with higher abundances of AMR genes. Vibrio cholerae as well as rotavirus A, among other virus peaked in several weeks during the study period whereas Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia spp, varied more over time. CONCLUSION: The metagenomic surveillance approach for monitoring circulating pathogens in sewage was able to detect putative pathogen and resistance loads in an urban informal settlement. Thus, valuable if generated in real time to serve as a comprehensive infectious disease agent surveillance system with the potential to guide disease prevention and treatment. The approach may lead to a paradigm shift in conducting real-time global genomics-based surveillance in settings with limited access to health care.
Asunto(s)
Bacterias/genética , Enfermedades Transmisibles/genética , Metagenoma/genética , Microbiología del Agua , Animales , Bacterias/patogenicidad , Enfermedades Transmisibles/microbiología , Enfermedades Transmisibles/parasitología , Enfermedades Transmisibles/virología , Farmacorresistencia Bacteriana/genética , Heces/microbiología , Heces/parasitología , Heces/virología , Humanos , Kenia/epidemiología , Metagenómica/métodos , Parásitos/genética , Parásitos/patogenicidad , Aceptación de la Atención de Salud , Aguas del Alcantarillado/microbiología , Aguas del Alcantarillado/parasitología , Aguas del Alcantarillado/virología , Virus/genética , Virus/patogenicidad , Agua/análisisRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: In Burkina Faso dirty water in particular those of the stoppings and the gutter ones are used for vegetables irrigation in the gardens. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility of Salmonella serotypes from humans and lettuce samples inBurkina Faso. Materials and Methods:Salmonella strains isolated from patients in 2009 to 2015 and lettuce samples in 2014 in Burkina Faso were serotyped using specific antisera. All strains were subjected to a set of 14 antibiotics to study their antibiogram by using Baeur-Kirby disk diffusion method. RESULTS: Out of 154 Salmonella isolated, 60 were from human and 94 from lettuce samples. Serotyping revealed four different serotypes and 39% (60) untypeable strains from human and lettuce (14 and 46 strains). Salmonella serotypes from human and lettuce samples were: Paratyphi A (10% and 22%), Paratyphi B (34% and 8%), Paratyphi C (14% and 18%) and Typhi (21% and 1%). A high resistance of Salmonella Paratyphi B and Salmonella spp to tetracycline were 70% from human and 35 % from lettuce samples. Multiresistance was observed to tetracycline, chloramphenicol and amoxicillin/clavulanic-acid or ampicillin with Salmonella ParatyphiB 35% and Salmonella Typhi 33% from human samples and Salmonella spp 4% from lettuce samples. CONCLUSION: This study showed the diversity of Salmonella serotypes from both clinical and environmental samples and emergence of multiresistant Salmonella to antibiotics in Burkina Faso. A lettuce is a potential source of transmission of Salmonella causing diarrhea among human in Burkina Faso. List of non-standard Abbreviations : HDB: Hôpital du District de Bogodogo, LNSP: Laboratoire National de Santé Publique, DSG : District Sanitaire de Gourcy, DSB : District Sanitaire de Boromo.