RESUMEN
Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological features, clinical manifestations and different diagnosis of patients with complicated lymphatic anomaly. Methods: The clinical and pathologic data of four patients with complicated lymphatic anomaly diagnosed and treated in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 2000 to December 2021 were collected and analyzed. Results: One Gorham-Stout disease case and three generalized lymphatic anomaly cases were included in this cohort. Patients' ages ranged from 7 to 32 years. There were three males and one female. The positions of biopsy included three bone biopsy and one bronchus biopsy. Microscopically, all cases showed diffuse enlarged lymphatic channels. At the same time, osteogenesis was obvious in Gorham-Stout disease case. Radiologically, cortical loss was seen in Gorham-Stout disease, and lytic bone confined to the medullary cavity presented in generalized lymphatic anomaly. The three generalized lymphatic anomaly cases also had coagulopathy, and two had effusion. Conclusions: The histologic feature of complicated lymphatic anomaly was diffuse lymphatic malformation, and the diagnosis depends on clinical and pathologic information. The treatment and prognosis of these diseases are different, and therefore it is necessary to understand their clinical and pathologic features and make the correct diagnosis.
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Anomalías Linfáticas , Osteólisis Esencial , Masculino , Humanos , Femenino , Niño , Adolescente , Adulto Joven , Adulto , Osteólisis Esencial/complicaciones , Osteólisis Esencial/diagnóstico , Osteólisis Esencial/patología , Anomalías Linfáticas/diagnóstico por imagen , Anomalías Linfáticas/cirugía , Huesos/patología , Diagnóstico Diferencial , PronósticoRESUMEN
Objective: To investigate the histopathologic, immunohistochemical, molecular genetic characteristics of CIC-rearranged sarcoma (CRS) with rhabdoid features. Methods: The clinical and pathologic data of two cases of CRS diagnosed between 2019 and 2021 at the Department of Pathology, Jiangsu Province Hospital were analyzed. Immunohistochemical study and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) were performed. The relevant literature was reviewed. Results: Both patients were female, one was 58 years old, with tumor located in left thigh; the other was 43 years old, with tumor located in left pelvic cavity. Microscopically, both tumors were composed of small to medium-sized round, oval cells, arranged in nodules or sheets. The tumor cells showed irregular nuclear outline, coarse chromatin with prominent nucleoli and brisk mitotic activity. Both cases showed rhabdoid phenotype with myxoid stromal changes. Immunohistochemically, both cases were positive for CD99 and c-myc. High WT1 reactivity was seen in classic area, with low reactivity in rhabdoid area. There was no INI1 lost in both cases. Both were negative for NKX2.2 and NKX3.1. By FISH both cases demonstrated convincing break-apart signals of CIC gene. One patient died of disease after 1 month, and the other died of disease after 3 months. Conclusions: CRS is a small round cell undifferentiated sarcoma of the bone and soft tissue defined by molecular genetic characteristics, and may show atypical morphologic and immunophenotypic characteristics such as rhabdoid features. A correct understanding of its rare morphologic and immunophenotypic characteristics, combined with molecular pathologic detection, is conducive to correct diagnosis.
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Sarcoma de Células Pequeñas , Sarcoma , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Biomarcadores de Tumor/genética , Biomarcadores de Tumor/análisis , Hibridación Fluorescente in Situ , Sarcoma/patología , Sarcoma de Células Pequeñas/diagnóstico , Sarcoma de Células Pequeñas/genética , Sarcoma de Células Pequeñas/patología , Factores de Transcripción/genética , Tumor Rabdoide/diagnóstico , Tumor Rabdoide/genética , Tumor Rabdoide/patologíaRESUMEN
Objective: To evaluate the concordance of PD-L1 expression in various tissues using antibodies 28-8 and SP263 on their respective detection platforms. Methods: Three hundred seventy four specimens of surgical resection of pulmonary diseases in the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January 1, 2012 to January 31, 2017 were collected. Totally 374 cases were tested for PD-L1 expression using the two antibodies, 28-8 and SP263, by respective detection platforms (Dako and Ventana). Finally, 336 cases were used for further evaluation, and the results were statistically analyzed for concordance. Results: For non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), the positive rate of PD-L1 was 57.5% (177/308) using SP263, and 57.5% (177/308) using 28-8 antibody. The correlation coefficient was 0.97 (P<0.01). The positive rate of both benign lung diseases and paracancerous tissues was about 10.7% (3/28), and the positive concordance rate was 100.0%. The distribution of both antibodies was also relatively consistent. Conclusions: The expression levels of 28-8 and SP263 antibodies in NSCLC and other tissues are relatively consistent, suggesting both antibodies may be complementary and substitute for each other, which may be useful in guiding clinical management.
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Antígeno B7-H1/análisis , Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Pulmonares/diagnóstico , Anticuerpos , Biomarcadores de Tumor/análisis , Humanos , InmunohistoquímicaRESUMEN
Objective: To investigate the relationship between PD-L1 expression and the clinicopathologic features and prognosis in triple-negative breast carcinomas (TNBC). Methods: All 142 cases of TNBC were collected from the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from February 2011 to December 2014, and the surgical excision or biopsy specimens from patients without chemotherapy and radiotherapy were included. Histopathologic analysis of stromal tumor infiltrating lymphocyte (sTIL) was performed on HE sections, and PD-L1 immunohistochemical staining was done with MaxVision. Results: The PD-L1 expression rate was 34.5% (49/142) in tumor cells, and was 62.0% (88/142) in sTIL. The PD-L1 expression in tumor cells was positively correlated with tumor size (r=0.181, P=0.031), Ki-67 index (r=0.211, P=0.012), sTIL (r=0.380, P<0.01) and PD-L1 expression in sTIL (r=0.447, P<0.01). The PD-L1 expression in sTIL was positively correlated with tumor grade (r=0.215, P=0.01), Ki-67 index (r=0.253, P=0.002) and sTIL (r=0.370, P<0.01). The high stromal CD8(+) /FOXP3(+) ratio was significantly associated with improved overall survival (χ(2)=4.186, P=0.041). The high percentage of sTIL was significantly associated with improved overall survival (χ(2)=12.427, P<0.01) and progression-free survival (χ(2)=4.057, P=0.044). Conclusions: In TNBC, PD-L1 expression is positively correlated with Ki-67 and sTIL; the stromal CD8(+) /FOXP3(+) ratio and sTIL are significantly associated with prognosis. The PD-L1 expression, stromal CD8(+) /FOXP3(+) ratio and sTIL are biologically important in TNBC, and all these correlative factors are important potential parameters in assessing immunotherapy for TNBC.
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Antígeno B7-H1/metabolismo , Linfocitos Infiltrantes de Tumor/metabolismo , Neoplasias de la Mama Triple Negativas/metabolismo , Supervivencia sin Enfermedad , Femenino , Humanos , Clasificación del Tumor , Pronóstico , Neoplasias de la Mama Triple Negativas/mortalidad , Neoplasias de la Mama Triple Negativas/patología , Carga TumoralRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between stromal tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) and CD8 or FOXP3 positive lymphocytes in triple-negative breast carcinoma. METHODS: A total of 160 triple-negative breast carcinomas were collected from the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University during 2012 to 2014. All were surgical excision or biopsy specimens from patients without prior chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Histopathologic analysis of stromal TIL was performed on hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections, and MaxVision immunohistochemical method was used for detection of CD8 and FOXP3 protein expression. RESULTS: Stromal TILs were positively correlated with Ki-67 labeling index (P=0.002). The density of CD8(+) cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) was negatively correlated with tumor size (P=0.009), and positively correlated with Ki-67 index (P=0.021). The density of FOXP3(+) regulatory T-lymphocyte (Treg) was inversely correlated with the patient age (P=0.030), and positively correlated with histological grade (P=0.026). Stromal TILs were positively correlated with the density of CD8(+) CTL (P=0.014). CONCLUSIONS: The percentage of stromal TILs and density of CD8(+) CTL are associated with tumor cell proliferation of triple-negative breast cancers. The density of FOXP3(+) Treg is significantly associated with poor prognosis. Stromal TIL is positively correlated with the density of CD8(+) CTL. Stromal TIL may provide a potential marker for pathological diagnosis and a target for guiding adjuvant therapy in patients with triple-negative breast cancers.
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Antígenos CD8/metabolismo , Carcinoma/metabolismo , Carcinoma/patología , Factores de Transcripción Forkhead/metabolismo , Linfocitos Infiltrantes de Tumor/metabolismo , Neoplasias de la Mama Triple Negativas/metabolismo , Neoplasias de la Mama Triple Negativas/patología , Femenino , Humanos , Pronóstico , Linfocitos T Reguladores/metabolismoRESUMEN
In the present study, a novel hybrid sorbent ZrP-001 was prepared by loading zirconium phosphate (ZrP) onto a strongly acidic cation exchanger D-001. Sorption behavior of Pb(2+), Zn(2+), and Cd(2+) onto ZrP-001 was experimentally examined by comparing with the host exchanger D-001. ZrP-001 was characterized by scanning electron micrograph (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), pH-titration and pore size distribution analysis. Sorption of the heavy metals onto ZrP-001 was found to be pH-dependent due to the ion exchange mechanism. Compared to D-001, a smaller pore size of ZrP-001 due to the ZrP dispersion consequently resulted in a lower sorption rate. Competitive effect of Ca(2+) on sorption of heavy metals onto ZrP-001 and D-001 was compared to elucidate sorption preference of the hybrid sorbent towards heavy metals. More favorable sorption of ZrP-001 than D-001 was observed for all the three metals and their sorption preference onto ZrP-001 followed the order Pb(2+)>>Zn(2+) approximately Cd(2+). Fixed-bed sorption results and its efficient regeneration property further demonstrated that ZrP-001 is a potential candidate for removing heavy metals from contaminated water.
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Cadmio/aislamiento & purificación , Calcio/química , Plomo/aislamiento & purificación , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/aislamiento & purificación , Zinc/aislamiento & purificación , Adsorción , Concentración de Iones de HidrógenoRESUMEN
Zirconium phosphate (ZrP) has recently been demonstrated as an excellent sorbent for heavy metals due to its high selectivity, high thermal stability, and absolute insolubility in water. However, it cannot be readily adopted in fixed beds or any other flowthrough system due to the excessive pressure drop and poor mechanical strength resulting from its fine submicrometer particle sizes. In the present study a hybrid sorbent, i.e., polymer-supported ZrP, was prepared by dispersing ZrP within a strongly acidic cation exchanger D-001 and used for enhanced lead removal from contaminated waters. D-001 was selected as a host material for sorbent preparation mainly because of the Donnan membrane effect resulting from the nondiffusible negatively charged sulfonic acid group on the exchanger surface, which would enhance permeation of the targeted metal ions. The hybrid sorbent (hereafter denoted ZrP-001) was characterized using a nitrogen adsorption technique, scanning electron microscope (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Lead sorption onto ZrP-001 was found to be pH dependent due to the ion-exchange mechanism, and its sorption kinetics onto ZrP-001 followed the pseudo-first-order model. Compared to D-001, ZrP-001 exhibited more favorable lead sorption particularly in terms of high selectivity, as indicated by its substantially larger distribution coefficients when other competing cations Na(+), Ca(2+), and Mg(2+) coexisted at a high level in solution. Fixed-bed column runs showed that lead sorption on ZrP-001 resulted in a conspicuous decrease of this toxic metal from 40 mg/L to below 0.05 mg/L. By comparison with D-001 and ZrP-CP (ZrP dispersion within a neutrally charged polymer CP), enhanced removal efficiency of ZrP-001 resulted from the Donnan membrane effect of the host material D-001. Moreover, its feasible regeneration by diluted acid solution and negligible ZrP loss during operation also helps ZrP-001 to be a potential candidate for lead removal from water. Thus, all the results suggested that ZrP-001 offers excellent potential for lead removal from contaminated water.
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Plomo/aislamiento & purificación , Metales Pesados/aislamiento & purificación , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/aislamiento & purificación , Purificación del Agua/métodos , Circonio/química , Adsorción , Calcio/química , Resinas de Intercambio de Catión/química , Cationes/química , Concentración de Iones de Hidrógeno , Cinética , Magnesio/química , Microscopía Electrónica de Rastreo , Tamaño de la Partícula , Porosidad , Sodio/químicaRESUMEN
The adsorption equilibria of phenol and aniline on nonpolar polymer adsorbents (NDA-100, XAD-4, NDA-16 and NDA-1800) were investigated in single- and binary-solute adsorption systems at 313 K. The results showed that all the adsorption isotherms of phenol and aniline on these adsorbents can be well fitted by Freundlich and Langmuir equations, and the experimental uptake of phenol and aniline in all binary-component systems is obviously higher than predicted by the extended Langmuir model, arising presumably from the synergistic effect caused by the laterally acid-base interaction between the adsorbed phenol and aniline molecules. A new model (MELM) was developed to quantitatively describe the synergistic adsorption behavior of phenol/aniline equimolar mixtures in the binary-solute systems and showed a marked improvement in correlating the binary-solute adsorption of phenol and aniline by comparison with the widely used extended Langmuir model. The newly developed model confirms that the synergistic coefficient of one adsorbate is linearly correlated with the adsorbed amount of the other, and the larger average pore size of adsorbent results in the greater synergistic effect of phenol/aniline equimolar mixtures adsorption.
RESUMEN
Adsorption of phenolic compounds from aqueous solution to a macroporous polymeric adsorbent (CHA-111), its animated derivative (MCH-111) and a reference weakly anion exchanger (ND-900) was studied. Experimental results indicated that amino functional groups on the polymeric matrix play an important role in phenol adsorption by MCH-111 and ND-900, which was attributed to the formation of hydrogen bonding between the phenol molecule and the amino group on the polymeric matrix. The semi-empirical Freundlich isotherm equation and its reduced form were employed to interpret the adsorption behavior. A site energy distribution model based on the Polanyi adsorption potential theory can elucidate the adsorption mechanism reasonably.
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Fenoles/química , Polímeros/química , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/aislamiento & purificación , Contaminación Química del Agua/prevención & control , Adsorción , Aminas , Modelos Químicos , Soluciones , TemperaturaRESUMEN
Removal of many organic pollutants including phenolic compounds from industrial wastewater can always be achieved by fixed-bed adsorption onto the polymeric resin adsorbent, and the relevant breakthrough curves would provide much valuable information to help to design a fixed-bed adsorption process in field application. In the present study, a model developed based on the constant-pattern wave approach theory and the Freundlich model was adopted to describe the breakthrough curves of phenol and p-nitrophenol adsorption onto a macroreticular resin adsorbent NDA-100 from aqueous solution. Column experiments were performed at different conditions to verify the model and the results proved that the model would describe the breakthrough curves well. Effect of the operation parameters on breakthrough curves was also discussed to get helpful information in choosing the adsorption process.
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Residuos Industriales/prevención & control , Resinas Sintéticas/química , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/aislamiento & purificación , Contaminación Química del Agua/prevención & control , Adsorción , Concentración de Iones de Hidrógeno , Modelos Químicos , Nitrofenoles/química , Concentración Osmolar , Fenol/química , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Temperatura , Agua/químicaAsunto(s)
Industria Química , Exposición a Riesgos Ambientales , Neoplasias/mortalidad , Factores de Confusión Epidemiológicos , Estudios Epidemiológicos , Hepatitis B , Hepatitis C , Humanos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/etiología , Neoplasias Hepáticas/mortalidad , Neoplasias/etiología , Petróleo , Proyectos de Investigación , Factores de Riesgo , Taiwán/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
We have collected data on the cancer deaths of children and adolescents 0-19 yr old living in a residential area near 3 large petroleum and petrochemical complexes in and near Kaohsiung city (petrochemical industrial districts, PIDs) in the period of 1971-1990 and compared these with the cancer deaths of children and adolescents 0-19 yr old among the entire population of Taiwan (national reference) and among the residents of 26 administrative districts, comprising all of Kaohsiung city and Kaohsiung county (local reference), except for 8 sparsely populated, rural districts. Having scrutinized all cancer death certificates, we have identified various statistically significant excess deaths, as compared with the national and local reference, due to cancers at all sites. Cancer of the bone, brain, and bladder in boys and girls 0-9 yr and 10-19 yr of age in the 1981-1990 decade that followed the establishment of petrochemical production in the PIDs was studied. However, excess cancer deaths seemed to have clustered in the 10-19 yr age group, who had been potentially exposed to the petrochemical pollutants for the longest period of time from the youngest age. Almost all bone, brain, and bladder cancer deaths registered were within 3 km of the 3 complexes. Bone and brain cancers in particular occurred in girls in the PIDs more frequently than in boys, even though these are believed to occur more in males than females elsewhere.
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Neoplasias Óseas/mortalidad , Neoplasias Encefálicas/mortalidad , Exposición a Riesgos Ambientales , Petróleo , Neoplasias de la Vejiga Urinaria/mortalidad , Adolescente , Contaminación del Aire , Industria Química , Niño , Preescolar , Certificado de Defunción , Femenino , Humanos , Lactante , Masculino , Mortalidad , Proyectos Piloto , Factores Sexuales , Taiwán , Salud UrbanaRESUMEN
The purpose of this investigation was to study ethnic differences in mortality patterns due to accidents in the various aboriginal areas of Taiwan. Mortality data was collected from the National Health Department. To compare the accident mortality of aborigines with that of the general population of Taiwan, and then calculated standardized mortality ratios for accidents in the various aboriginal groups by using the cause specific accident mortality of the general population as standardized mortality and found that mortality in Taiwan between 1971 and 1990 was 60.1 per hundred thousand due all causes of injuries 72.2 (102.2 for males and 39.5 for females). The same figures for the aborigines were 194.9 (274.1 for males and 98.7 for females), respectively. The leading causes of accidental death among the aborigines were motor vehicle accidents, suicide, drowning, accidental falls for males and suicide, motor vehicle accidents and non-drug poisoning for females. Our investigations show that the standardized mortality ratio due to accidents in the aboriginal areas is two to three times higher than that in the general population of Taiwan. These figures were differences among the aboriginal tribes, despite similarities in medical care, environmental and economic circumstances. Mortality due to accidents, especially due to suicide and poisoning, in the Atayal and Bunun tribes were particularly higher than in other tribes. Thus, the risk of an accident in these regions may be associated not only with the environment and the lack of medical resources, but with some socio-cultural factors.