IMI resistance associated to crop-weed hybridization in a natural Brassica rapa population: characterization and fate.

Wild turnip (Brassica rapa) is a common weed and a close relative to oilseed rape (Brassica napus). The Clearfield® production system is a highly adopted tool which provides an alternative solution for weed management, but its efficiency is threatened by gene transfer from crop to weed relatives. Crop-weed hybrids with herbicide resistance were found in the progeny of a B. rapa population gathered from a weedy stand on the borders of an oilseed rape (B. napus) imidazolinone (IMI)-resistant crop. Interspecific hybrids were confirmed by morphological traits in the greenhouse and experimental field, survival after imazethapyr applications, DNA content through flow cytometry, and pollen viability. The transference of herbicide resistance was demonstrated even in a particular situation of pollen competition between both an herbicide-resistant crop and a non-resistant crop. However, IMI resistance was not found in further generations collected at the same location. These results verify gene transmission from oilseed rape to B. rapa in the main crop area in Argentina where resistant and susceptible varieties are found and seed loss and crop volunteers are common. Hybridization, introgression, and herbicide selection would be associated with the loss of effectiveness of IMI technology.

[Extramedullary hematopoyesis: compensatory mechanism or clinic syndrome? Case report and review of literature]. / Hematopoyesis extramedular: ¿mecanismo compensador o síndrome clínico? Descripción de un caso y revisión bibliográfica.

Extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH) is a compensatory mechanism occurring in patients with chronic anemia. Liver, spleen, and lymph nodes are frequently involved. However, EMH may also develop in several sites such as thymus, kidneys, retroperitoneum, paravertebral areas of the thorax, lungs, bowel and others. Rarely symptomatic, it often shows a variety of clinical features. This condition, frequently, may be fatal. A correct early diagnosis of EHM might avoid, if possible, a bad prognosis. The Authors report a case where bone marrow cells were identified in centrifuge cerebrospinal fluid of a patient suffering from non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

Intracranial Masses with Perilesional Edema: Differential Diagnosis with Perfusion CT.

Perilesional edema (PE) is commonly observed in association with an intracranial mass. PE is thought to be determined by vasogenic effects in the cerebral parenchyma surrounding the mass due to the loss or absence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) inside the lesion. Alterations in capillary permeability induce extrusion of fluids into the extravascular space around the mass. On Computed Tomography (CT) PE corresponds to an area of low density for the increased water content, outside the margins of the lesion. It is difficult to differentiate PE from areas of parenchymal compressive ischemia and sometimes the two events could be associated. A solitary mass with PE is more commonly discovered on a non-enhanced computed tomography (NECT) study performed for the onset of stable or rapidly progressive neurological symptoms. In such cases, a supplementary CT scan with contrast (CECT) is generally indicated to complete the baseline imaging before MRI. Contrast enhancement is generally present in a mass with PE and it is not specific for differential diagnosis. Perfusion computed tomography (PCT) requires a few minutes in addition to the time needed for CECT. PCT may give information on regional microvascular density, permeability and blood flow, thus it may play a role when tumoral neo-angiogenesis or non-neoplastic altered haemodynamics are suspected. We therefore investigated the utility of PCT in the differential diagnosis of the intracranial solitary masses with PE.

Utility of balloon-assisted guglielmi detachable coiling in the treatment of cerebral aneurysms. A single center retrospective study.

SUMMARY: Balloon-assisted Guglielmi detachable coiling (BAGDC) is a new technical option developed to allow endovascular treatment of wide-necked aneurysms. Aim of the following work is to report a single center experience of BADGC of aneurysms with assessment of its efficacy and safety. BAGDC of wide-necked aneurysms (SNR close to 1) was retrospectively evaluated in 37 patients (28 females, nine males, mean age: 56.6 yrs, range: 27-81 yrs) who underwent the procedure between january 1999 and january 2002 for a total of 45 procedures on 41 aneurysms.Twenty- nine patients presented with SAH from an acutely ruptured aneurysm. In two patients BAGDC failed whereas 35 patients successfully underwent BADGC (39 aneurysms). Twenty-nine patients (31 aneurysms) were available for angiographic follow- up (mean: 10 mo, range: 3-24 mo). At the last angiographic follow-up 29/33 aneurysms (87%) resulted stable and occluded (22 aneurysms with dense and seven with loose packing of the sac and the neck), two aneurysms showed regrowth, one aneurysm showed a neck remnant and another one a sac and neck remnant. Complications directly related to the procedure occurred in five patients (three perforations, one thromboembolism, one femoral AV) with a mortality and morbility rate of 2.7 and 5.4 respectively. BAGDC is a promising adjunct to treatment of wide-necked aneurysms broadening the spectrum of indications for endovascular treament of challenging aneurysms.