RESUMEN
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. Hypercholesterolemia has been shown to be one of the most important risk factors for CVD. Statins are currently the standard of care for the management of hypercholesterolemia. However, certain patients on statin therapy fail to achieve the desired low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) goals or are intolerant to statins due to side effects (mostly myalgias). The discovery of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) and the subsequent development of PCSK9 inhibitors provided another route to lower LDL-C levels by increasing recycling of LDL receptors (LDLR) in the hepatocytes. More recently, inclisiran, a small interfering RNA (siRNA) molecule, which increases the number of LDLR in the hepatocyte membranes by halting the transcription of PCSK9, has emerged as a novel promising agent for the management of hypercholesterolemia. Inclisiran received marketing authorization in the European Union in December 2020 for use in adults with primary hypercholesterolemia or mixed dyslipidemia. This review aims to focus on the role of inclisiran in the management of hypercholesterolemia.