RESUMEN
The genes for the dopamine transporter (DAT) and the D-Amino acid oxidase activator (DAOA or G72) have been independently implicated in the risk for schizophrenia and in bipolar disorder and/or their related intermediate phenotypes. DAT and G72 respectively modulate central dopamine and glutamate transmission, the two systems most robustly implicated in these disorders. Contemporary studies have demonstrated that elevated dopamine function is associated with glutamatergic dysfunction in psychotic disorders. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging we examined whether there was an interaction between the effects of genes that influence dopamine and glutamate transmission (DAT and G72) on regional brain activation during verbal fluency, which is known to be abnormal in psychosis, in 80 healthy volunteers. Significant interactions between the effects of G72 and DAT polymorphisms on activation were evident in the striatum, parahippocampal gyrus, and supramarginal/angular gyri bilaterally, the right insula, in the right pre-/postcentral and the left posterior cingulate/retrosplenial gyri (P < 0.05, FDR-corrected across the whole brain). This provides evidence that interactions between the dopamine and the glutamate system, thought to be altered in psychosis, have an impact in executive processing which can be modulated by common genetic variation.
Asunto(s)
Mapeo Encefálico , Encéfalo/fisiología , Proteínas Portadoras/genética , Proteínas de Transporte de Dopamina a través de la Membrana Plasmática/genética , Epistasis Genética/fisiología , Predisposición Genética a la Enfermedad/genética , Adulto , Dopamina/genética , Femenino , Genotipo , Ácido Glutámico/genética , Voluntarios Sanos , Humanos , Procesamiento de Imagen Asistido por Computador , Péptidos y Proteínas de Señalización Intracelular , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Masculino , Polimorfismo de Nucleótido Simple , Trastornos Psicóticos/genética , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa de Transcriptasa Inversa , Esquizofrenia/genética , Transmisión Sináptica/genética , Aprendizaje VerbalRESUMEN
Sexuality is an essential aspect of quality of life. Nevertheless, sexual intercourse is physically challenging and leads to distinct changes in blood pressure, heart, and respiratory rate that may lead to vital complications. We present a case report of a 22-year-old female suffering from subarachnoid hemorrhage after sexual intercourse. The patient was immediately transported to hospital by emergency medical services and, after diagnosis, transferred to a tertiary hospital with neurosurgical expertise but died within 24 hours. After postcoital headaches, subarachnoid hemorrhage is the second most common cause of neurological complications of sexual intercourse and therefore patients admitted to an emergency department with headache after sexual intercourse should always be carefully evaluated by cerebral imaging.