[Detection of processed animal protein: European experience and perspectives]. / Détection des protéines animales transformées: expérience et perspectives européennes.

European Commission Regulation (EC) No. 152/2009 imposes optical microscopy as the reference method for official controls to detect traces of animal protein in animal feed. Since 1 July 2004, the one-solvent technique has been the only authorised variant of optical microscopy. Its detection limit is 0.1% of meat-and-bone meal. Other techniques--using molecular biology (polymerase chain reaction, immunology), microscopy or near-infrared imaging--have been developed in the past ten years to supplement the official method, which has certain limitations. This paper compares and discusses the different techniques, highlighting the strengths of each technique in order to propose a feasible control scheme to improve the sensitivity and specificity of the technique for the detection of processed animal protein in livestock feed.

[Effects of a high dose of vitamin A on experimental immunologic arthritis]. / Effets d'une dose élevée de vitamine A sur les arthrites immunitaires expérimentales.

Vitamin A, a good adjuvant to immunologic reactions, has in this aspect an interesting therapeutic effect, especially in immunotherapy. On the other hand, in diseases caused by circulating immunocomplexes or in auto-immune diseases, vitamin A can prolong the pathologic immunologic process. This experimental study shows that vitamin A in high doses has an adjuvant effect, that is aggravating considerably the immunologic arthritis induced in the Wistar rat.

[Subacute extradural hematoma of the vertex. A case]. / Hématome extra-dural subaigu du vertex. Une observation.

A patient suffers from a spasmodic triparesis 8 days after a cranial traumatism of the vertex. Ruptured superior sinus leads to development of an subacute extradural hematoma. The following course is uneventful after surgical cure. The localization, subacute evolution and clinical findings are rarely described in the literature.

[T-lymphocyte diseases. Physiopathological and nosologic concepts (excluding cancer and graft rejection)]. / Les maladies du lymphocyte T. Conceptions physio-pathologiques et nosologiques (en dehors du cancer et du rejet de greffe).

The T-lymphocyte is at the heart of the physiopathological mechanism of most dysimmunity affections. Furthermore, some cases of granulomatosis, the immediate consequence of macrophagic disorder, come within the framework of T-lymphocyte diseases, épicritical centre of the complex process of cellular immunity. By reference to new knowledges about various actions of T-lymphocytes and their interactions with lymphocytes B and macrophages, and by reference to classic pathologic findings of diseases of immunity, the author's propose a new classification of these diseases, suggesting therapeutic reasearch in consideration of effect of drugs, especially immunostimulant treatments, on the immune system.