RESUMEN
This randomized, phase III, open-label, multicenter study compared carfilzomib monotherapy against low-dose corticosteroids and optional cyclophosphamide in relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM). Relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma patients were randomized (1:1) to receive carfilzomib (10-min intravenous infusion; 20 mg/m2 on days 1 and 2 of cycle 1; 27 mg/m2 thereafter) or a control regimen of low-dose corticosteroids (84 mg of dexamethasone or equivalent corticosteroid) with optional cyclophosphamide (1400 mg) for 28-day cycles. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS). Three-hundred and fifteen patients were randomized to carfilzomib (n=157) or control (n=158). Both groups had a median of five prior regimens. In the control group, 95% of patients received cyclophosphamide. Median OS was 10.2 (95% confidence interval (CI) 8.4-14.4) vs 10.0 months (95% CI 7.7-12.0) with carfilzomib vs control (hazard ratio=0.975; 95% CI 0.760-1.249; P=0.4172). Progression-free survival was similar between groups; overall response rate was higher with carfilzomib (19.1 vs 11.4%). The most common grade ⩾3 adverse events were anemia (25.5 vs 30.7%), thrombocytopenia (24.2 vs 22.2%) and neutropenia (7.6 vs 12.4%) with carfilzomib vs control. Median OS for single-agent carfilzomib was similar to that for an active doublet control regimen in heavily pretreated RRMM patients.
Asunto(s)
Corticoesteroides/administración & dosificación , Ciclofosfamida/administración & dosificación , Mieloma Múltiple/tratamiento farmacológico , Oligopéptidos/administración & dosificación , Terapia Recuperativa/métodos , Corticoesteroides/efectos adversos , Corticoesteroides/uso terapéutico , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Anemia/inducido químicamente , Ciclofosfamida/efectos adversos , Ciclofosfamida/uso terapéutico , Supervivencia sin Enfermedad , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Mieloma Múltiple/complicaciones , Mieloma Múltiple/mortalidad , Neutropenia/inducido químicamente , Oligopéptidos/efectos adversos , Oligopéptidos/uso terapéutico , Recurrencia , Terapia Recuperativa/efectos adversos , Terapia Recuperativa/mortalidad , Tasa de Supervivencia , Trombocitopenia/inducido químicamenteRESUMEN
Cystic partially differentiated nephroblastoma (CPDN) is an uncommon renal neoplasm in children. It is now recognized as a tumor with low but definite malignant potential. The authors report a patient that was treated with partial nephrectomy and chemotherapy with successful outcome. The literature on CPDN is briefly discussed.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Renales/cirugía , Tumor de Wilms/cirugía , Humanos , Lactante , Neoplasias Renales/patología , Masculino , Nefrectomía/métodos , Tumor de Wilms/patologíaRESUMEN
The cervical spine x-rays of a random number of patients with confirmed rheumatoid arthritis were taken. The presence of atlanto-axial subluxation, atlanto-axial impaction, subaxial subluxation and any other associated abnormalities was noted. The spinal canal diameter was also measured which was not significantly altered in rheumatoid arthritis cases. Cervical spine disorders were seen to occur in 16 cases (69.6%) out of 23 patients. Spondylosis was the most frequent disorder ie, in 10 cases (62.5%) out of 16. Obliteration of the normal lordotic curve and disc lesions occurred in 3 cases (18.7%) each out of 16. The mean spinal canal diameter was 16.30 +/- 2 mm with a range of 13-23 mm. Female patients (73.3%) had an increased cervical spine disorder than males (62.5%). Seropositive rheumatoid arthritis cases (87.5%) were mostly involved in occurrence of disorder than those of seronegative arthritis cases (46%).