RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Strabismus has been related to different alterations of brain functions and learning in children. Early treatment for visuomotor functions may improve the executive areas of intelligence. We undertook this study to demonstrate changes of visuomotor function and intelligence in children after strabismus treatment. METHODS: This is a prospective study of patients with strabismus, before and after treatment. We applied the Human Figure Test, Visuomotor Bender Test, and Intelligence Test. RESULTS: We included nine children with an average age of 8.7 years (± 2.4 years). Stereopsis result was 724 arc sec. Visual acuity was 0.16 logMAR ± 0.15. Verbal intelligence was 91.1 ± 11, executive intelligence (EI) was 86.7 ± 8, and global intelligence (GI) was 91 ± 10. Correlation coefficient of EI was significantly related to stereopsis (-0.2), visual acuity (-0.1) and Bender (-0.1). GI results were higher than statistical prognosis (88.16 for x = 90). CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrated improvement in binocularity and psychoadaptive areas related to EI after strabismus and amblyopia treatment.
Asunto(s)
Inteligencia , Desempeño Psicomotor , Estrabismo/terapia , Adolescente , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Estudios ProspectivosRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: We undertook this study to demonstrate the visuomotor alterations, intelligence level and depression changes in children with recurrent strabismus. METHODS: Children with recurrent strabismus were studied with the Human Figure Test, Lauretta Bender Visuomotor Test, Intelligence Level of Weschler, WISC-R, and WPPSI. Complete exploration of strabismus was made. RESULTS: We included nine children aged 6.8 years (SD 2). Overfunction of oblique muscles and dissociated strabismus were related to recurrence of strabismus. Stereovision was present in five cases previous to recurrence (rate: 170 sec of arc), and three lost this with recurrence of strabismus. Psychological test determined difficulties in socialization and signs of aggression, including data on depression and "dullness." Bender Test showed relevant defects in fine hand movement, level: 5.4 (SD 1.7). Santucci evaluation for Bender was 3.83 (SD 2.1). Correlation coefficient between values was significant for Santucci evaluation and stereovision (0.89). Global Intelligence Coefficient was 88.1 (SD 12), which was subnormal and poorer in executive function (84). CONCLUSIONS: We have demonstrated relevant alterations in visuomotor abilities in patients with strabismus, especially related to stereovision deficiency, effect on learning, intelligence and depression.
Asunto(s)
Depresión/etiología , Sensación , Estrabismo/complicaciones , Estrabismo/fisiopatología , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Humanos , Inteligencia , Masculino , Estudios Prospectivos , Desempeño Psicomotor , RecurrenciaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: We undertook this study to demonstrate the visuomotor alterations, intelligence level and depression changes in children with recurrent strabismus. METHODS: Children with recurrent strabismus were studied with the Human Figure Test, Lauretta Bender Visuomotor Test, Intelligence Level of Weschler, WISC-R, and WPPSI. Complete exploration of strabismus was made. RESULTS: We included nine children aged 6.8 years (SD 2). Overfunction of oblique muscles and dissociated strabismus were related to recurrence of strabismus. Stereovision was present in five cases previous to recurrence (rate: 170 sec of arc), and three lost this with recurrence of strabismus. Psychological test determined difficulties in socialization and signs of aggression, including data on depression and "dullness." Bender Test showed relevant defects in fine hand movement, level: 5.4 (SD 1.7). Santucci evaluation for Bender was 3.83 (SD 2.1). Correlation coefficient between values was significant for Santucci evaluation and stereovision (0.89). Global Intelligence Coefficient was 88.1 (SD 12), which was subnormal and poorer in executive function (84). CONCLUSIONS: We have demonstrated relevant alterations in visuomotor abilities in patients with strabismus, especially related to stereovision deficiency, effect on learning, intelligence and depression.