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1.
Curr Opin Hematol ; 26(3): 125-130, 2019 05.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30855332

RESUMEN

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review outlines recent discoveries on the crosstalk between oxygen metabolism and iron homeostasis, focusing on the role of HIF-2 (hypoxia inducible factor-2) in the regulation of iron metabolism under physiopathological conditions. RECENT FINDINGS: The importance of the hepcidin/ferroportin axis in the modulation of intestinal HIF-2 to regulate iron absorption has been recently highlighted. Latest advances also reveal a direct titration of the bone morphogenetic proteins by the erythroferrone contributing to liver hepcidin suppression to increase iron availability. Iron is recycled thanks to erythrophagocytosis of senescent erythrocytes by macrophages. Hemolysis is frequent in sickle cell anemia, leading to increased erythrophagocytosis responsible of the macrophage polarization shift. New findings assessed the effects of hemolysis on macrophage polarization in the tumor microenvironment. SUMMARY: Hypoxia signaling links erythropoiesis with iron homeostasis. The use of HIF stabilizing or inhibiting drugs are promising therapeutic approaches in iron-associated diseases.


Asunto(s)
Eritrocitos/metabolismo , Hipoxia/metabolismo , Hierro/metabolismo , Macrófagos/metabolismo , Transducción de Señal , Factores de Transcripción con Motivo Hélice-Asa-Hélice Básico/metabolismo , Proteínas de Transporte de Catión/metabolismo , Senescencia Celular , Eritrocitos/patología , Hepcidinas/metabolismo , Humanos , Hipoxia/tratamiento farmacológico , Hipoxia/patología , Macrófagos/patología , Fagocitosis
2.
Blood Adv ; 4(16): 3853-3863, 2020 08 25.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32810223

RESUMEN

Iron is required for the oxidative response of neutrophils to allow the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, neutrophil function may be severely altered in conditions of iron overload, as observed in chronically transfused patients. Therefore, a tight regulation of neutrophil iron homeostasis seems to be critical for avoiding iron toxicity. Hepcidin is the key iron regulator in organisms; however, no studies have investigated its role in maintaining neutrophil iron homeostasis or characterized neutrophil function in patients with hereditary hemochromatosis (HH), a common iron overload genetic disorder that results from a defect in hepcidin production. To explore these issues, we studied 2 mouse models of iron overload: an experimentally induced iron overload model (EIO), in which hepcidin is increased, and a genetic HH model of iron overload with a deletion of hepatic hepcidin. We found that iron-dependent increase of hepatic hepcidin results in neutrophil intracellular iron trapping and consecutive defects in oxidative burst activity. In contrast, in both HH mouse models and HH patients, the lack of hepcidin expression protects neutrophils from toxic iron accumulation. Moreover, systemic iron overload correlated with a surprising neutrophil priming and resulted in a more powerful oxidative burst. Indeed, important factors in neutrophil priming and activation, such as tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), VCAM-1, and ICAM-1 are increased in the plasma of HH patients and are associated with an increase in HH neutrophil phagocytosis capacity and a decrease in L-selectin surface expression. This is the first study to characterize neutrophil iron homeostasis and associated functions in patients with HH.


Asunto(s)
Hemocromatosis , Sobrecarga de Hierro , Animales , Hemocromatosis/genética , Hepcidinas/genética , Humanos , Hierro , Ratones , Neutrófilos
3.
Science ; 368(6487): 186-189, 2020 04 10.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32273468

RESUMEN

Bleeding and altered iron distribution occur in multiple gastrointestinal diseases, but the importance and regulation of these changes remain unclear. We found that hepcidin, the master regulator of systemic iron homeostasis, is required for tissue repair in the mouse intestine after experimental damage. This effect was independent of hepatocyte-derived hepcidin or systemic iron levels. Rather, we identified conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) as a source of hepcidin that is induced by microbial stimulation in mice, prominent in the inflamed intestine of humans, and essential for tissue repair. cDC-derived hepcidin acted on ferroportin-expressing phagocytes to promote local iron sequestration, which regulated the microbiota and consequently facilitated intestinal repair. Collectively, these results identify a pathway whereby cDC-derived hepcidin promotes mucosal healing in the intestine through means of nutritional immunity.


Asunto(s)
Células Dendríticas/metabolismo , Microbioma Gastrointestinal , Hepcidinas/metabolismo , Enfermedades Intestinales/microbiología , Mucosa Intestinal/microbiología , Mucosa Intestinal/fisiología , Hierro/metabolismo , Animales , Proteínas de Transporte de Catión/metabolismo , Trasplante de Microbiota Fecal , Eliminación de Gen , Hepcidinas/genética , Homeostasis , Ratones , Ratones Mutantes , Fagocitos/metabolismo
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