Determination of cardiovascular risk in 192,711 underweight and normal weight workers.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) and the level of cardiovascular risk (CVR), determined with different scales (REGICOR, SCORE, ERICE, vascular age...) in people with low and normal weight. METHODS: A total of 192,711 underweight and normal weight Spanish workers participated. CVR parameters included were weight, abdominal circumference, blood pressure, glycemia (high >125 mg/dL or under hypoglycemic treatment) and lipids (cutoff points: total cholesterol 200 mg/dL, LDL 130 mg/dL, triglycerides 150 mg/dL) were obtained by automated enzymatic methods. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated, considering underweight 18.5 and normal weight 18.5-24.9. A descriptive analysis of the categorical variables was carried out. RESULTS: The values of analytical, anthropometric and clinical parameters were more unfavorable in the normal weight group. Also, the prevalence of alterated values of CVR seen with different scales show higher risk in this group and in all cases the values in men are worse. It was seen that the variable with the greatest influence on the appearance of altered values of the cardiovascular risk scales (CVRS), influencing all of them was the age. DISCUSSION: All the CVRS analyzed showed higher values in the group of people with normal weight compared to those with underweight. Age, followed by sex, were the variables that most influence the appearance of high CVR values.

Relationship between healthy habits and sociodemographic variables and risk of diabetes type 2.

Background: Type 2 diabetes is considered a worldwide public health problem due to its high prevalence and the important complications it causes. Objectives: To assess the influence of healthy habits, especially physical activity and diet, on the risk of type 2 diabetes. Material and methods: Descriptive and cross-sectional study in 1457 Spanish workers in which the influence of different sociodemographic variables and lifestyle habits such as tobacco consumption, physical activity and adherence to the Mediterranean diet in relation to the risk of presenting type 2 diabetes assessed with the Finrisk and Leicester scales was evaluated. Results: The prevalence of moderate and high values of the Finrisk and Leicester scales decreased as the level of physical activity assessed with the IPAQ questionnaire increased and as adherence to the Mediterranean diet increased. In the multivariate analysis by binary logistic regression, high age, male sex, less favoured social class, low level of physical activity and low adherence to the Mediterranean diet influence the increase in the prevalence of high diabetes risk values, while tobacco consumption shows a protective effect. Conclusion: Physical exercise and the Mediterranean diet have a beneficial effect on the risk of presenting type 2 diabetes with Finrisk and Leicester scales.