Significance of Radial Margin in Patients Undergoing Complete Mesocolic Excision for Colon Cancer.

BACKGROUND: Comparable to circumferential resection margin in rectal cancer, radial margin is a potential prognostic factor in colon cancer that has just begun to be studied. No previous studies have investigated the influence of radial margin in the context of complete mesocolic excision. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to examine the impact of radial margin on oncologic outcomes after complete mesocolic excision for colon cancer. DESIGN: We retrospectively reviewed patients with stage I to III colon cancer who underwent curative resection from October 2010 to March 2013. SETTINGS: This study was conducted using the prospective colorectal cancer registry of Severance hospital. PATIENTS: A total of 834 consecutive patients who underwent complete mesocolic excision for colon adenocarcinoma were included. INTERVENTIONS: We assigned patients into 3 groups according to radial margin distance: group A, radial margin ≥2.0 mm; group B, 1.0 ≤ radial margin < 2.0 mm; group C, radial margin <1 mm. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Overall survival and disease-free survival were estimated. RESULTS: On adjusted Cox regression analysis, only group C was predictive of reduced overall survival (HR, 1.90; 95% CI, 1.11-3.25; p = 0.018) and disease-free survival (HR, 1.93; 95% CI, 1.28-2.89; p = 0.001). We thereby defined radial margin threatening as radial margin <1 mm. Postoperative 5-fluorouracil (HR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.35-2.10; p = 0.743) and FOLFOX (HR, 1.23; 95% CI, 0.57-2.64; p = 0.581) chemotherapy did not affect disease-free survival in patients with radial margin threatening. LIMITATIONS: This study has the limitations inherent in all retrospective, single-institution studies. CONCLUSIONS: Even with complete mesocolic excision, radial margin <1 mm was an independent predictor of survival and recurrence. This finding suggests that special efforts for obtaining a clear radial margin may be necessary in locally advanced colon cancer. See Video Abstract at http://links.lww.com/DCR/B125. IMPORTANCIA DEL MARGEN RADIAL EN PACIENTES SOMETIDOS A ESCISIÓN MESOCÓLICA COMPLETA PARA CÁNCER DEL COLON: Comparable al margen de resección circunferencial en cáncer rectal, el margen radial en cáncer de colon, es un factor pronóstico potencial, que recientemente comienza a estudiarse. Ningún estudio previo ha investigado la influencia del margen radial, en el contexto de la escisión mesocólica completa.Examinar en cáncer de colon, el impacto del margen radial en los resultados oncológicos, después de la escisión mesocólica completa.Revisión retrospectiva de pacientes con cáncer de colon en estadio I-III, sometidos a resección curativa de octubre 2010 a marzo 2013.Este estudio se realizó utilizando un registro prospectivo de cáncer colorrectal del hospital Severance.Se incluyeron un total de 834 pacientes consecutivos con adenocarcinoma de colon, sometidos a escisión mesocólica completa. Dividimos a los pacientes en 3 grupos según la distancia del margen radial: grupo A, margen radial ≥ 2.0 mm; grupo B, 1.0 ≤ margen radial <2.0 mm; grupo C, margen radial <1 mm.Se estimó la supervivencia general y la supervivencia libre de enfermedad.En el análisis de regresión de Cox ajustado, solo el grupo C fue predictivo de supervivencia global reducida (HR, 1.90; IC 95%, 1.11-3.25; p = 0.018) y supervivencia libre de enfermedad (HR, 1.93; IC 95%, 1.28-2.89; p = 0.001). Definimos como margen radial amenazante, un margen radial <1 mm. La quimioterapia posoperatoria con 5-FU (HR, 0,86; IC 95%, 0,35-2,10; p = 0.743) y FOLFOX (HR, 1,23; IC 95%, 0,57-2,64; p = 0,581), no afectó la supervivencia libre de enfermedad en pacientes con riesgo de margen radial.Este estudio tiene limitaciones inherentes a todos los estudios retrospectivos de una sola institución.Aun con la escisión mesocólica completa, el margen radial <1 mm fue un predictor independiente de supervivencia y recurrencia. Este hallazgo sugiere que pueden ser necesarios esfuerzos especiales para obtener un claro margen radial, en cáncer de colon localmente avanzado. Consulte Video Resumen en http://links.lww.com/DCR/B125.

Long-Term Survival and Local Relapse Following Surgery Without Radiotherapy for Locally Advanced Upper Rectal Cancer: An International Multi-Institutional Study.

Controversy remains regarding whether preoperative chemoradiation protocol should be applied uniformly to all rectal cancer patients regardless of tumor height. This pooled analysis was designed to evaluate whether preoperative chemoradiation can be safely omitted in higher rectal cancer.An international consortium of 7 institutions was established. A review of the database that was collected from January 2004 to May 2008 identified a series of 2102 patients with stage II/III rectal or sigmoid cancer (control arm) without concurrent chemoradiation. Data regarding patient demographics, recurrence pattern, and oncological outcomes were analyzed. The primary end point was the 5-year local recurrence rate.The local relapse rate of the sigmoid colon cancer (SC) and upper rectal cancer (UR) cohorts was significantly lower than that of the mid/low rectal cancer group (M-LR), with 5-year estimates of 2.5% for the SC group, 3.5% for the UR group, and 11.1% for the M-LR group, respectively. A multivariate analysis showed that tumor depth, nodal metastasis, venous invasion, and lower tumor level were strongly associated with local recurrence. The cumulative incidence rate of local failure was 90.6%, 92.5%, and 94.4% for tumors located within 5, 7, and 9 cm from the anal verge, respectively.Routine use of preoperative chemoradiation for stage II/III rectal tumors located more than 8 to 9 cm above the anal verge would be excessive. The integration of a more individualized approach focused on systemic control is warranted to improve survival in patients with upper rectal cancer.